Gịnị kpatara na n’okpuru ọrịa dị ka imeju na-emepụta ọtụtụ cholesterol?

Ahụ mmadụ bụ usoro zuru oke, echepụtara site na okike, nke na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla dị egwu. Ihe niile mejupụtara akụkụ ahụ dị n’ime na-arụ ọrụ ha kpọmkwem, ma mekwaa metabolites ka ha na-etolite. Mmadu bu usoro guzoziri eguzozi. Yabụ kedu ihe imeju ji mepụta cholesterol dị mma? Ma ọ bụ nwere ike ọ bụghị ihe niile jọrọ njọ?

Ọrụ nke cholesterol n'ime ahụ

Cholesterol bụ ihe dị mkpa na sel membranes. Nke ikpeazụ a, dị ka ogwe Sanwichi, nwere ihe dị n'ime na mpụta nke phospho- na glycolipids na okpokoro okpo dị n'etiti ha. Cholesterol dị n’etiti, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka sealant, ebe a na-ekwusi ekwedo ike na ụdị nzacha na-egbochi ngagharị nke ụmụ irighiri ihe na - agagharị na sel ọzọ.

Ebe ọ bụ na mkpụrụ ndụ niile nwere akpụ akpụkpọ cytoplasmic nke ha, cholesterol dị na anụ ahụ niile. Ọ na-eme ka ha nwee ọdịdị na ike ngbanwe karịa oke oke ikuku. Ọzọkwa ọ dị mkpa maka:

• njikọ nke homonụ nke adrenal glands, nwanyi na nwoke glands,
• Mmepụta nke bile acid, nke na-ebute ihe oriri n'ime mmiri kemịkal.
• na-atụgharị provitamin D ka ọ bụrụ vitamin zuru ezu.
• na-ebuli ojiji nke vitamin foduru foduru foduru.

A na-emepụtakarị ya na imeju, ọ bụ ezie na akwara ndị ọzọ (epithelium nke akụrụ, eriri afọ, ọrịa sebaceous glands) na-esonye na usoro ahụ. Na mgbakwunye, akụkụ ya sitere na nri. Cholesterol dị n'ime ala na-abanyekwa na nri. Nke a bụ ebe njikọ ya na protein na-apụta na ntinye nke lipoproteins, nke ọbara ọbara na-ekesa mgbe a chọrọ ma sonye na mmeghachi omume kemịkal dị iche iche.

Ọdịiche dị n'etiti lipoproteins bụ naanị n'ọkwa kọlestrọl ka protein. Ọ bụrụ na enwere ọtụtụ protein, nha nke lipoproteins buru oke ibu, na njupụta dị elu. Obere protein dị ntakịrị, obere ntakịrị ihe protein-abụba dị ntakịrị na obere ihe anụ ahụ ya. Mana, ihe ọ bụla ha bụ, n'ikpeazụ, lipoproteins na-akụda, ngwaahịa na-agbaji eriri afọ na-ewepu oke obere - site na akụrụ na anụahụ.

Site na mwepụ nke lipoproteins nke nwere cholesterol site na imeju n'ọbara na / ma ọ bụ wepu ngwaahịa ndị na-emebi emebi, ọnọdụ hyperlipidemia malitere. Ọ gaghị adị oke egwu ma ọ bụrụ na nsị mebiri emebi mgbidi nke ime nke arịa ahụ ma ọ bụ mgbanwe mgbanwe ọbara mgbali. Na afọ, ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ụdị mmebi ahụ, nke pụtara ọrịa obi, na-abawanye nke ukwuu. Ihe kpatara ya bu oria di iche-iche, agwa ojoo, ikpagbu oke.

Lipoproteins nwere obere nha nwere oke kachasị mma iji mechie oghere dị na ya pụta, nke pụtara na onweghị ihe "dị njọ" n'echiche ha. Agbanyeghị, dịka enweghị njide onwe onye! Cholesterol na - ebu ụzọ “n’arụ” dị n’ime mkpụrụ ndụ akwara nke akwara. Mana mgbe ahụ ọ na-achịkọta ihe n'ime ha, na-ala ha n'iyi, ma ọ gafeelarị endothelium - na ọkpụrụkpụ nke mgbidi akwara ozi. Yabụ na-etolite oghere ndị dị na atherosclerotic, nke na-ebelata oghere nke arịa ọbara ma bụrụkwa ihe bụ isi nke atherosclerosis.

Yabụ kedu ka imeju imeju na kọlestrọl dị? Kedu ihe kpatara hypercholesterolemia? Olee ụdị ọrịa na-eduga na-emeghasịkwa ihe nzacha nke anụ ahụ?

Ihe cholesterol na imeju

Cholesterol na - emepụta imeju na akwara nke dị na elu na - ejikọkwa protein na-abanye n'ime sel imeju. Usoro a na-agafe mmeghachi olu 20, iji gaa na nkọwa nke nke enweghị isi. Ihe mbu ighota bu na akwara lipoproteins nke di uku (ha nwere otutu cholesterol na obere protein). Mgbe ahụ, kwa na imeju, na ikike nke enzymes pụrụ iche, akụkụ nke abụba abụba na-agbasa, na oke nke protein-abụba na-agbadata ntakịrị na protein: a na-enweta lipoproteins dị ala.

Ha na-abanye n'ọbara ọbara ma na-ebuga ya na anụ ahụ dị n'akụkụ. Mkpụrụ ndụ dị oke mkpa na-enweta cholesterol ma were ya maka ebumnuche ya. A na-ewepụkwa ihe ndị nwere ume nri nwere mmiri cholesterol dị ala na nnukwu itinye protein na mkpụrụ ndụ laghachi n'ime ọbara. A na - akpọ ha nnuku amịresị dị elu.

HDL na-erugharị n'ime ọbara, ọzọ na-abanyekwa imeju. Otu ọkara n'ime ha bụ ihe ndabere maka njikọta nke bile asịd na-eme ka ọ bụrụ mmiri. Ọ na-abanye n’ime eriri afọ ma debe ya ebe ahụ. N'oge nri, a na-atụpụ ihe na-egbu egbu n'ime eriri afọ ma na-etinye aka na mgbaze. A na-agbanye “cholesterol” nke a na-ejikọtaghị site na microorganisms, na metabolites na-esite na-apụta na feces. Ọkara nke abụọ na-amalite na gburugburu ọhụụ nke metabolism metabolism.

A na-etolite cholesterol n'ime imeju n'okpuru nchịkwa nke itinye uche ya na ọbara: ya na hypercholesterolemia, njikọta na-agbada, yana hypocholesterolemia ọ na-agbatị. Ahụike hepatocytes na-enwe ike ịnọgide na-enwe ọkwa cholesterol nkịtị ruo ogologo oge, n'agbanyeghị ụzọ ndụ atherogenic (iri ọtụtụ abụba anụmanụ, ị smokingụ sịga, mmanya, nrụgide, arụ ọrụ nkịtị, oke ibu).

Ma enwere oke ihe ọ bụla: ọ ga-abịa oge mgbe umeji enweghị ike ịchịkwa cholesterolemia nke ọma. Enwere ike ịkpata ọgba aghara dị otú ahụ na-emetụta ahụ n'ime ahụ ihe anọ kpatara ya:

• Ogologo oge cholesterol site n'èzí,
• ọnụnọ ma ọ bụ ezughi oke nke ndị nabatara ekwentị na-ewere cholesterol n'ọbara,
• ụba mmepụta nke cholesterol,
• ozuzu ya anaghị arụ ọrụ.

Nwepu nri, oria nke akwara na - eme na cholesterol, ga - aghaghi iduba ya na adighi agha. Nke mbu, igbanwe ihe ogidi nke ihe anakpo physiochemical nke bile, nke na-akpalite nguzobe nke okwute n’ime otiti, na mmụba nke ọkwa LDL n’ime ọbara, nke egotara atherosclerotic gosipụtara na mgbidi akwara. Na ngwụcha, ihe niile ga - akwụsị na mmepe nke ọrịa kwụsịrị iche: ọrịa gallstone na atherosclerosis.

Ọ bụrụ na anyị ebiri naanị n’otu usoro ịba ọcha n’anya nke lipoproteins, anyị kwesịrị ịtụle n’ụzọ ka mma n’usoro “imeju na cholesterol”: n’ihi na ọ bụ pathology nke mmekọrịta dị n’otu na-efufu?

Kedu ọrịa na imeju na-emepụta ọtụtụ cholesterol

Ihe egosiputara nke oma cholesterol sitere na 3.6 rue 5, 2 mmol / L. A na-akpọ ihe ọ bụla dị na mpụga oke elu hypercholesterolemia. Ihe ọghọm nke ibute ọrịa metabolic na-abawanye na hypercholesterolemia n'ihi lipoproteins dị ala, nke a na-akpọ cholesterol "ọjọọ".

Yabụ, maka ọrịa ole ka mkpụrụ ndụ akwara nwere imepụta cholesterol dị ọtụtụ.

1. Site na mmụba na lipoproteins ọbara (ihe nketa, alimentary hypercholesterolemia, hypothyroidism, pancreatic ma ọ bụ prostate cancer, ọrịa shuga, ime ime, adrenal coperical hyperplasia, akụrụ gbasara akwara, na ụfọdụ ọgwụ), imeju na-emepụta ihe karịa ihe cholesterol-nwere, nanị site na ozugbo ọrụ N'ebe a, ọ ghaghi ịta ụta maka ihe ọ bụla.
2. A na-ahụta mmụba nke ọdịnaya nke obere lipoproteins dị ala na cholestasis. LDL na-amalite ịkwanye mgbidi nke dile bile mgbe agbatịchara ogologo oge wee chịkọta ndị na - emegharị ọbara. Ọnọdụ ndị dị otú a na-etolite na cholelithiasis, mmechi nke ọgwụ akwara dị site na mkpo ọkụ volumetric, mkpakọ nke intrahepatic bile ducts site na anụ ahụ si mba ọzọ na-eto na imeju.
3. Site n'ọbara, cholesterol “ọjọọ” na-ebilite n'ihi ọbara mgbali nke mkpụrụ ndụ imeju na mbido ọrịa ahụ. Ha mechaa, ha atrophy ma anụ ahụ na-edochi ha. Yabụ, na usoro ikpeazụ nke usoro ahụ, kọlịfla "na-adịghị mma" na-alaghachi na nkịtị, ma ọkwa ya na-agbada kpamkpam. Na nsonaazụ nke pathology, enwere ike ịba ụba cholesterol n'ihi ụba lipoproteins dị elu, ebe ọ bụ na hepatocytes enweghịzi ike ịhazi ha.
4. Otu ọnọdụ ahụ na-eme na ịba ọcha n'anya nke etiology ọ bụla ma ọ bụ mmebi imeju na-egbu egbu, n'ihi na imeju imeju na-abanyekwa na njikọta cholesterol. A na - ejikọ ọkwa dị elu nke cholesterol zuru oke na mmụba nke ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ịdị ọcha nke ọbara na - adịghị eri.

Etu ị ga-esi lelee ọnọdụ imeju

N’oge na-adịghị anya, onye “si na igwe anụnụ anụnụ” ga-aga ịchọpụta ọnọdụ imeju. Ntinye aka ime ihe nwere ike ịbụ ụfọdụ mgbaàmà imeju:

• mgbakasị ahụ ma ọ bụ nkụda mmụọ na hypochondrium ziri ezi,
• ịba ụba nke imeju, na mberede na-achọpụta site na nyocha nke ultrasound nke akụkụ afọ ma ọ bụ site na nyocha onwe.
• obi ilu, mgbe ọ na-elu ilu, nụrụ ụtọ n'ọnụ,
• Ibelata ibu na-akọwaghị
• Ọdịdị nke icteric staining nke sclera ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ ahụ.

Maka nyocha izizi, a na-eme nnyocha banyere biokemiiki nke plasma ọbara, nke a na-akpọkwa nnwale ọrụ imeju. Ọ gụnyere mkpebi nke ego nke enzymes a kapịrị ọnụ, ọnụọgụ na ogo nke bile pigmentin na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ yana ọnụọgụ protein na albumin nke hepatocytes mepụtara. Iji lelee lelee cholesterol na-arụ n'ime imeju, a na-eme profaịlụ lipid. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ha nwere ike iduzi usoro mmụta akọwapụtara nke ọma gbasara ọnọdụ akụkụ ahụ. A na-enyocha nsonaazụ ya na nnwale nke nyocha nke ultrasound nke akwara umeji.

Nke ahụ dị ka o nwere ike, ndị na - egosi nkịtị nke imeju anaghị ewepụ mmepe hypercholesterolemia maka ebumnuche ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịkwa mkpa ka e chebe akụkụ a dị mkpa, dịka ndị ọzọ.

Gịnị bụ ihe a

Cholesterol bụ ihe anụ ahụ chọrọ maka ntolite anụ ahụ dị mma, ịmepụta homonụ, njikọ nke vitamin, ọrụ nke akwara na-arụ ọrụ na ihe owuwu sel.

Ọ bụ imeju na-emepụta ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị ahụ, ọ bụ naanị obere akụkụ ka arụ na-arụ ọrụ na akwara ndị ọzọ. N'ime ahụ onye toro eto, a na-emepụta ihe dị ka 1 g nke ihe dị ka ụbọchị, nke a na-eji na-eme ka ihe emejị amụbawanye, na-ewulite mkpụrụ ndụ, na-agwakọta agwakọta kemịkalụ dị iche iche. Mgbe usoro ndị a gasịrị, a na-ewepụ mmiri dị ukwuu, yabụ a na-enwe nguzozi n'etiti oriri na oriri.

Ọrụ ke ahu

Ma, mgbe ọnụnọ imeju na-etolite, ma ọ bụ mmadụ na-eri oke abụba, oke ahụ na-ama jijiji, mkpụrụedemede dị ala na-amalite ịbanye n'ọbara ọbara, na-eduga n'ọrịa nke akwara obi na sistem ndị ọzọ.

Ihe kpatara nkwanye abụba dị ala nwere ike iji na-a medicationsụ ọgwụ: homonụ steroid, ọgwụ mgbochi mkparịta ụka, ọgwụ na-adịghị mma na ịhọrọ ọgwụ na-adịghị mma maka ọrịa shuga.

Ihe ndị ọzọ kpatara mmụba a:

1. Akpachapụ ihe nketa.
2. Adrenal na thyroid dysfunctions.
3. Erughi chromium na vitamin E n’ahụ.
4. Mgbaaka na imeju imeju.
5. Ọrịa Pancreatic.

Ihe ndị na - akpalite ihe ịba ụba bụ: ị ofụ ihe oriri mgbe niile, ị oveụbiga mmanya ókè, ibi ndụ enweghị isi, ọnụnọ nke omume ọjọọ. Ndị a na - ebute ọria ịba ọcha n'anya - ọrịa nke nwere ike iji lipids dochie mkpụrụ ndụ imeju.

Site n'ọrịa ahụ, ọrịa hepatocytes na-ejupụta na abụba na-amalite ịba ọcha n'anya - ịba ọcha n'anya, ma ọ bụ steatohepatitis, na-amalite. N'oge a, mkpụrụ ndụ akwara na-anwụ wee bido ka edochi anya ya, arụ ọrụ akụkụ ya na - arụ ọrụ nke na - ebute nsị, ọrịa imeju ma ọ bụ kansa.

Ọrịa ọ bụla bidoro na-abawanye cholesterol. Nke a bụ n'ihi na imeju enweghị ike ịnagide iwepụ Lipids ngafe n'ahụ ahụ, mana n'otu oge ahụ na-aga n'ihu na-eme ihe ndị a. N'ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ịba ọcha n'anya, nkwụnye cholesterol na-amalite etolite, na-eme ka ọrịa ahụ ka njọ.

Rozọ nke abanye

Imeju na cholesterol na - ejikọ site na izụlite bile. O sitere n'ụmụ irighiri akwara dị na hepatic dupe nke a na -eme bile acid, nke, mgbe ị jikọsịrị ya na protein, abanye na ọbara.

A na-eweghachi abụba dị umeju n’arụ, agbazere, na-ewepu n’ime obere eriri afọ ma na-ahapụ ahụ ya na ọnya. Site na usoro ịba ọcha n'anya, a na - akpaghasị njikọ na iweghachi nke bile, a na - eme ka ọnọdụ gbanwee - ihe a niile na - eduga n'ịbawanye cholesterol n'ọbara na anụ ahụ.

Ihe mgbaàmà nke metabolism lipid

Dyslipidemia ma ọ bụ ọgwụ lipid na-emetụta ọ bụghị naanị imeju, kamakwa anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ na - akpata usoro dị iche iche nke oke ma ọ bụ nke na - adịghị ala ala. Ma ebe ọ bụ na ejikọtara usoro niile na ahụ, akara kọlestrọl nwekwara ike imetụta ego nke lipids ndị ọzọ: triglycerides, faty acids, phospholipids.

Mmebi nke mmepụta nke ụfọdụ lipids na-eduga n'ịbawanye uru nke ihe ndị ọzọ, mana arụ ọrụ kachasị na-ahụta ka ọ na-abawanye na ọkwa nke triglycerides na cholesterol n'ime ahụ.

Isi ihe nke dyslipidemia:

1. Guzoputa nke xanthomas na xanthelasma n’elu akpukpo aru ma n’elu akwara.
2. Ibu oke ibu.
3. Nnukwu imeju na splin.
4. Ọrịa Hormonal.
5. Imebi akụrụ.

Na-emegide metabolism nke lipid, a na-achọpụta ihe ndị dị n'ime na-adabere na ngafe na enweghị lipids.

Mgbaàmà nke oke lipid:

1. Ọbara mgbali elu.
2. Mmepe nke atherosclerosis.
3. Mmepe nke ọrịa pathologies.
4. Isi ọwụwa.
5. Ibu oke na nsogbu.

Site na ọrịa ọrịa mkpụrụ ndụ ụfọdụ, nsogbu nri na nri ogologo oge, dyslipidimia na - etolite, nke a na - ejikọ ọnụ na ezughi oke.

Mgbaàmà nke ogo anụ ara:

1. Ahụ ike ahụ.
2. Akpụkpọkpọ akọrọ, mkpochapụ nke mbọ.
3. Isi ntutu.
4. Usoro mkpali na anụ ahụ, eczema.
5. Nkpuru
6. Mmebi mmuo.
7. Oge nsọ.

Enweghị lipids na-eduga n'ịgba aghara nke mgbanwe nke vitamin na-abụ abụba, na nsogbu akwara ozi, dysfunction thyroid. Y’oburu na achoghariri umegiri n’iru nwata, oputara na aru aru na uche.

Usoro nyocha

Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-egosipụtaghị cholesterol dị elu site na mgbaàmà a na-ahụ anya, naanị enwere ike ịchọpụta ya site na iji nyocha ụlọ nyocha. Ọdịdị nke mgbaàmà na-egosi na ogologo oge ahụ na-arịa ọrịa metabolism. Nyochaa ọkwa ya, yana nsogbu ndị ọzọ na ahụ, na-amalite site na akụkọ banyere ahụike na nyocha nke onye ọrịa.

Kedu ihe agụnyere na nyocha mbụ ahụ:

Ọmụmụ banyere akụkọ ahụike nke onye ọrịa, njirimara banyere ọrịa ọrịa ketara eketa.

Nnwale dị mfe nke nwere ike igosipụta na cholesterol dị elu bụ ọnụọgụ ọbara zuru ezu.Mana iji nweta nkọwa n'ozuzu nke mebiri, ọ dị mkpa ịchọpụta ọkwa nke lipids niile na-eji profaịlụ egbugbere ọnụ.

Dịka ọ dị, kọlestrọl ọnụ agaghị agafe 5.3-5.4 mmol / L, mmụba dị ala ruo 6 mmol / L ga-ekwe omume, ịgabiga ọnụ na-egosi ihe egwu nwere nsogbu - nke dị elu, ka ukwuu nwee ike ibute ọrịa na-efe efe. Nchịkọta ahụ na-enye gị ohere ikpebi ego nke abụba dị ala na njupụta dị elu, na mkpụrụedemede dị elu anaghị arụ ọrụ pụrụ iche, ebe ọ bụ na nke ka mma. Mana ntinye uche nke LDL ekwesịghị gafere 3.9 mmol / L.

Iji mee nnwale ndị ahụ iji gosipụta nsonaazụ ziri ezi, ị ga-agbaso iwu ndị a:

1. Beforebọchị tupu ule ahụ, ewepu nri eghe, oseose na oke nnu.
2. Ejila iwe gafee elekere nke ule.
3. A smokeụ sịga n’ụtụtụ ruo mgbe ị ga-adọta ọbara.
4. Otu ụbọchị tupu nyocha ahụ, nwaa iwepu nrụgide anụ ahụ na nke uche.

You nwere ike ikpebi ọkwa cholesterol dị n’ọbara site na iji nnwale pụrụ iche nke aga-azụta n’ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ. Mana ụdị usoro a anaghị ekwe nkwa 100% nke nsonaazụ. Ihe dị iche iche nwere ike imetụta ndị na-egosi, dịka ọmụmaatụ, okpomọkụ na iru mmiri. Ya mere, iji wee chọpụta ọkwa dị n'ọbara ya, ọ dị mkpa iji lee nyocha ahụ n'ụlọ nyocha ndị ọkachamara.

Etu esi emeputa mmeputa?

Iji wedata cholesterol, ịkwesịrị iwepụ ihe ndị kpatara ụdị mmebi a. Ọ dị mkpa ka ndị ọrịa nyochaa nri na ịdị arọ ha, mee ka mmega ahụ sie ike, kwụsị ị alcoholụ mmanya. Na ọnụnọ nke ọrịa ịba ọcha n'anya, mmadụ kwesịrị ịhụ onye ọkachamara ma soro ndụmọdụ ọgwụgwọ.

Ọgwụ kachasị ewu ewu iji belata bụ statins. Ihe ha mere bu igbochi mmeputa enzyme nke di na mkpochapu ahihia.

Usoro ihe omume nke statins

Ọzọkwa, ọgwụ ndị dị otú ahụ na-enwe ike ịhazi coagulability ọbara, belata nrụgide na akwara portal, gbochie ịmepụta ọbara ọgbụgba na oghere atherosclerotic ma nwee obere mgbochi mbufụt. E gosiputala na statins nwere ike belata ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa cirrhosis na ọrịa kansa na-efe efe na ịba ọcha n'anya.

Otutu ogwu ogwu di otu a, mana ndi okacha mara amara na-edeputa ihe nchebe di nma maka imeju, ogwu: Simvastatin, Lovastatin, Fluvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Atorvastatin.

Ndị na-eso ụzọ Bile acid na-eme ihe na -eme ihe ọkụkụ, na-eme ụfọdụ n'ime ha anaghị arụ ọrụ. N'ihi ihe a, imeju na-eji cholesterol eme ihe maka enweghị acid. Ọgwụ ndị dị ka: Colestipol, Cholestyramine, Kolesevelam. A na-edebere ndị na - achọ ọgwụ nke bile acid oge ụfọdụ, ebe ọ bụ na ha anaghị enwe mmetụta ọjọọ n'ahụ ahụ.

Ndị na-achọ Bile Acid

Fibrates na-agakọ na bile acid - ihe ha mere bụ iji belata mmepụta cholesterol na triglycerides site na imeju. Ihe omume ogwu a bu n’obi ime ka ndi enzymes na - emebi ihe di elu ma nwekwaa okpukpu pere mpe. Fibrates na-ahụzi ihe mejupụtara ọbara, ya mere, a na-enye ya ọgwụ maka atherosclerosis yana maka ndị ọrịa anaghị eri nri na ọgwụgwọ site n'ụzọ ndị ọzọ. Fibrates gụnyere: gemfibrozil, fenofibrat, bezafibrat.

Edebere Hepatoprotector ka ọ na-arụ ọrụ nkịtị na-arụ ọrụ ma wepụ abụba dị ala nke sel ya. Edere ha naanị dịka akụkụ nke usoro ọgwụgwọ dị mgbagwoju anya yana maka ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ịba ọcha n'anya. Nke kachasị dị irè: Mkpa, Ursosan, Essliver, Heptor, Heptral. A na-enweta mmetụta dị mma nke hepatoprotective site na nkwadebe dabere na artichoke na mkpụrụ osisi ugu.

Ọgwụ ndị ọzọ iji belata njikọ ya:

1. Omega 3, Omacor, Mmanụ mmanụ - mee ka ọkwa cholesterol dị mma "dị mma, na-akwado ọrụ nke arịa ọbara.
2. Lipoic acid - na-akpali umeji, na-eme ka metabolism na abụba metabolism.
3. Vitamin B12, B6, B9, nicotinic acid - belata ogo ihe n’ile n’ime ọbara.

Enwere ọtụtụ ọgwụ iji belata njikọta cholesterol ma belata ọnụọgụ ya n’ime ọbara, yabụ ịkwesịrị ịhọrọ dọkịta gị, ma were oge n’oge n’oge ọgwụgwọ iji nyochaa ịdị irè nke ọgwụgwọ.

Ọrụ nke nri

Iji mezie metabolism nke mmanu mmanu na obere cholesterol, odi nkpa itinye nri. Ọ kachasị mma ịgbaso nọmba nri 10 ma ọ bụ 14. Kedu okpokoro kachasị mma, ịkwesịrị ịjụ dọkịta gị mgbe ọ gafesịrị nyocha ahụ.

Nri obula nwere ike iwetulata cholesterol gụnyere nwepu nri eghe, nzu, nnu, anwuru na nri ndi ozo. A na-agụpụ akwa anụ, mmanụ chiiz, broths siri ike. A na-atụ aro ka ibelata oriri na-atọ ụtọ, achịcha, anụ mara abụba, azụ na ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi nwere nnukwu abụba.

Ngwa ahịa bara uru maka imeju:

Ngwa ahịa bara uru ma na-emerụ ahụ maka imeju

Imeju bara ezigbo uru - o nwere ọtụtụ ihe bara uru maka ahụ. Ọ kachasị mma iri imeju anụ ọkụkọ, tolotok ma ọ bụ oke bekee - o nwere ihe dịka 40 ruo 60 mg nke cholesterol. N’ime imeju anụ ehi - ihe ruru 100 mg, na anụ ezi - ihe ruru 300 mg nke cholesterol, yabụ, ọ dị mkpa ka ewezuga ha n’ime nri ahụ ruo mgbe adịkarịsịrị ịpụ mmiri n’ahụ.

Imeju nke azu nwekwara otutu cholesterol: n'ime imeju nke cod ya di ihe dika 250 mg, na imeju nke burbot - kariri 600 mg. Ya mere, a machiri imeju azu n’ime ihe oriri, a na-adụ ndi ọrịa ọdụ ka o jiri salmọn, salmọn, halibut, na sardines.

Ngwọta ụlọ

Iji belata cholesterol dị elu, ịnwere ike iji ọgwụ ọdịnala. A na-ahụta mmiri ọgbụgba dị ka usoro kachasị dị irè iji sachapụ imeju. Usoro a na - enyere gị aka iwepu nsí na ihe na - egbu egbu site na imeju, sachapụ bile na mkpo nke bilirubin na cholesterol, na - egbochikwa ịmepụta okwute cholesterol.

Iji mezie usoro a, ịkwesịrị igbari ngaji nke magnesia ma ọ bụ sorbitol na iko mmiri nwere mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-enweghị gas ma drinkụọ mmiri ga-esi na ya pụta. Mgbe ahụ ịkwesịrị ịgha ụgha n'akụkụ aka nri gị, tinye paịlị na-ekpo ọkụ na mpaghara imeju ma lie ya ruo awa 2. Ọ bụrụ na enwere mgbu ma ọ bụ ihe mgbu, mgbe ahụ ịkwesịrị ịkwụsị usoro ahụ ma drinkụọ mbadamba No-shpa ma ọ bụ Papaverine.

Ihicha imeju agaghị adị irè ma ọ bụrụ na ịgbasoghị iwu nri kwesịrị ekwesị ma nọgide na-a alcoholụ mmanya. Iji mee ka mmetụta nke ịsa ahụ dị mma, a na-atụ aro iji ngwaahịa ndị na-enyere aka sachapụ ọbara na arịa ọbara.

Herbsụ ọgwụ na-agwọ ọrịa nke imeju nwere ike ịme metabolism lipid na enweghị oke ego. Kedu ọgwụ mkpá akwụkwọ na-enyere aka:

Ọ kachasị mma iji esi nri nke ahịhịa 3-4 - were nha nke ahịhịa ọ bụla, gwakọta na otu tablespoon nke mkpokọta, wunye otu iko mmiri, debe nkeji 20 na mmiri ịsa ahụ. Na-a halfụ na ọkara iko 3 ugboro n'ụbọchị.

1. N'ime otu iko mmiri, gbanye ntụ ọka 90 g nke achicha, ghee minit 10. Na-a 100ụ 100 g kwa ụbọchị.
2. Igwakorita 0,5 n'arọ nke mkpụrụ osisi hawthorn, wunye 100 ml nke mmiri sie mmiri, gbanye ọkụ na ikpo ọkụ ruo ogo 40. Mgbe obi jụrụ, afanyekwa tomato, brothụọ mmiri nke ọpụtara na ngaji tupu i rie.
3. Igbanye isi achara dị ọcha na lemon na 11 n'ime anụ anụ, wụsa mmiri sie mmiri (700 ml) wee pụọ otu izu, na-ama jijiji mgbe ụfọdụ. Ngwa ahịa etinyere ị toụ mmiri 30 ml ugboro atọ n'ụbọchị ọkara elekere tupu nri.

Ọgwụ Folk nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị wepu kọlestrọl ma mekwaa ọrụ nke imeju, kamakwa mee ka ahụ niile sie ike. Iji ghọta etu ọgwụ ahọpụtara siri dị mma, a na-atụ aro ka otu ọnwa gachara ọgwụgwọ, nye ọbara na profaịlụ.

Ọrịa nke metabolism nke imeju na-aka njọ nke ọrịa ndị dị adị ma na-akpalite mmepe nke ọrịa ọhụụ. Nsogbu ndị kachasị njọ bụ: atherosclerosis, ọrịa obi, ịba ọcha n'anya, isi ala na ọrịa kansa imeju. Ndị buru oke ibu na ndị okenye kwesiri inyocha ọkwa cholesterol ọbara ha mgbe niile ma mee ihe mgbochi iji gbochie ha ịrị elu.

General ụkpụrụ

Site na okike ya, cholesterol bu mmanya nke nwere ike ijiko na abuba abuba. Ọ dị na mkpụrụ ndụ nke ihe niile dị ndụ. Mmepụta cholesterol n'ime imeju na-apụta site na mmeghachi ọtụtụ nzụkọ kemịkal dị mgbagwoju anya. N’ime mmadụ, ihe mejupụtara ya na usoro eji arụ ọrụ dị iche na nke ụdị ndu ndị ọzọ. Igwe cholesterol na - ejikọ ọnụ yana acid bile n'ime eriri intrahepatic. Ihe mejupụtara ya na-abanye n'ọwa na-ahụkarị. Lee bile na gllad ka etinyere ya. Ha na-abanye, ha abanye n'ime nnukwu paodenal Vater papilla banye na duodenum. N'ebe a, ngwaahịa cholesterol dị na bile na-enyere nri nri.

Kedụ ka ejiri mepụta kọlọtọrol?

Enzymes HMG-CoA reductase na-amachi mmepụta ya. Ọgwụ ndị dị n’okpuru ịdị n’okpo uche nke ihe a bụ maka ịbelata cholesterol ọbara. Ngwakọta nke ụmụ irighiri cholesterol na - eme n'ọtụtụ nkebi:

1. Ntinye mmanya acetate na ihe ndi ozo di nkpa maka inwekwu oru site na ọbara.
2. Inweta mevalonate. Crystaldị kristal na-egbukepụ egbukepụ, ngwa ngwa na mmiri. Mkpụrụ ndụ ịba ọcha n'anya na-emepụta ya site na nnu na esters nke acetic acid.
3. Synthesis nke isopentenyl pyrophosphate. Molecules na-ebilite site na phosphorylation.
4. Ojiji nke squalene. A na - ekekọta molecules nke isopentenyl pyrophosphate na iberibe 6. Ihe ahụ yiri carotene pigmenti n'ụdị kemịkalụ ya nwere ahịhịa carbon 30.
5. Guzobe nke lanosterol. E mepụtara site na ịmịpụ mmiri site na squalene. Ọ bụ ngwaahịa cholesterol synthesis.
6. Ngwakọta nke ụmụ irighiri cholesterol. A na - enweta ya site na nsị nke lanosterol n'okpuru nduzi nke enzymes na ike.
7. Ntinye nke cholesterol na bele acid. A na-eme Bile, nke na-abanye n'ime duodenum iji gbarie nri.

Gbasaa na ahu nile

Site na imeju, cholesterol na-abanye n'ime eriri intrahepatic. N'ebe ahụ ọ na-agwakọta na acid bile na-eme ka ọ rụọ ọrụ. Na-abanye n'ime oghere extrahepatic, a na-agbakwunye ogige dị iche iche na bile echekwara na gallbladder. Mass site na paodilla nke duodenum na-abanye n'ime eriri afọ iji sonye na nri nri. Emebere ya maka mkpa nke usoro nri cholesterol na-abanye n’ọbara. Nke a na-eme site n'enyemaka nke lipoproteins. A na-ebugharị kọmpịnị cholesterol n’arụ na sistem. Nri ruru ha, eriri afọ na-abanye ha, na-abanye arịa dị iche iche, sitekwa ebe ahụ banye na akwara. N'ebe a, mmiri ọgwụ cholestrol na-agbaji site na hydrolysis ruo abụba na-ebugharị akwara na adipose anụ ahụ.

Kedu ka esi eji ya?

Mole cholesterol na bile na - etinye aka na mgbaze nke ihe nri. Mana nke a abụghị naanị ọrụ ha. Cholesterol na - ewusi mkpụrụ ndụ ume n'ihi okpukpu abụọ nke phospholipids. Ọ na-ewusi mgbidi nke sel ike, na-eme ka ọ sie ike karị. Cholesterol dị mkpa maka njikọta vitamin cholecalciferol abụba-na-soluble. Ọ na-etinyekwa aka na mmepụta nke glucocorticosteroids site na gland adrenal na homonụ mmekọahụ steroid site na ụmụ nwoke na gonadal glands. Lestmụ cholesterol na-ewusi mgbidi nke sel ọbara ọbara ike, na-echebe ha pụọ ​​na nsị hemolytic. Ha na-ebugharị ndị na-ebugharị obere ihe ikuku. A choro cholesterol n’ime ihe mejuputara ngwungpo nke lapoprotein di iche iche. Nke ikpeazụ a na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na atherogenesis. Cholesterol ọjọọ bụ obere lipoproteins (LDL) na njupụta dị ala (VLDL). Ọ bụrụ na ha dị ọtụtụ, enwere ihe egwu arteriosclerotic na arịa.

Nnukwu npoproteins dị ukwuu (HDL) na-agbagha irighiri ihe ndị ọzọ. Ha elu n'ọbara na-enwe prophylactic utịp ke atherosclerotic mgbanwe.

Kedụ ka a si ewepụta mkpụrụ ndụ kọlestrọl?

Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ rie ọtụtụ abụba, ihe mgbaàmà banyere nke a na-abanye n’ime sel ebe amịpụtara cholesterol. Site na usoro nzaghachi, a na-egbochi ngwaahịa ya. Ọ bụrụ na ihe gafere gị (na-esite na mpụga) ma ọ bụ endogenous (nke ahụ mepụtara) cholesterol, enwere ike iji ya rụọ ọrụ. Maka nke a, enwere mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ụmụ irighiri mmiri cholesterol na chylomicron ogige ndị na - ebu ihe dị na ahụ. A na-eme ka mkpochapu ya na-eme ngwa ngwa site na mmega ahụ nkịtị, ịjụ omume ọjọọ, nri kwesịrị ekwesị yana nnukwu ọdịnaya nke vitamin na mineral ndị dị mkpa. Nnukwu ọrụ na usoro ndị a bụ nke microflora eriri afọ. Nje bara uru na-agbasa irighiri cholesterol n’ime ihe dị mfe dị mfe iji wepu anụ ahụ. Site na ọgwụ ike na-akpali mwepụ nke statins na vitamin nicotinamide.

Isi ọrụ nke cholesterol

E wezụga eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ bụ ihe dị mkpa (nke na-eme ka ihe kwụsie ike) nke cytoplasmic membrane, na-enye nkwụsi ike nke okpukpu abụọ ya n'ihi ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị ọzọ dị n'ụkpụrụ phospholipid, cholesterol na-egosipụta onwe ya dị ka onye na - achịkwa ihe niile dị na mgbidi sel, na - egbochi ọbara hemolysis (mmetụta nke hemorytic pois) .

Ọ na - arụkwa ọrụ dị ka ihe mbụ maka mmepụta nke ogige nke steroid otu:

• homonụ corticosteroid
• homonụ nwoke na nwanyị
• bile acid
• Vitamin D-otu (ergocalciferorol na cholecalciferol).

Nyere mkpa ọ dị otu a n’ime ihe eji eme ihe, ọ ga - apụta ihe mmerụ nke nri cholesterol na-adịghị ma ọ bụ mbelata nke anụ ahụ na ọkwa nke ihe a n’ime ọbara.

N'ihi insolubtersent ya na mmiri, enwere ike ibute ihe a site na ọbara naanị ya na njikọta protein (ebulipoproteins), mgbe ejikọtara ya na usoro etolite nke lipoprotein.

N'ihi ịdị adị nke ọtụtụ apolipoproteins dị iche iche (nke nwere ọdịiche dị na ịdị arọ nke molekul, ogo tropism ha maka cholesterol, na kwa n'ihi ikike nke mgbagwoju anya ịgwakọta n'ọbara, na akụrụngwa na-adịghị mma nke kristal cholesterol etolite atherosclerotic plaques), a na-amata ụdị nke lipoproteins:

• njupụta dị elu (HDL, ma ọ bụ nnukwu molikulaiki, ma ọ bụ HDL-lipoproteins),
• Ogologo nju (LDL, ma obu obere molikula di ala, ma obu LDL-lipoproteins),
• njupụta dị oke ala (VLDL, oke molekul dị ala, ma ọ bụ ụdị VLL nke lipoproteins),
• chylomicrons.

Ka anụ ahụ dị, cholesterol na-abanye na chylomicrons, LDL ma ọ bụ VLDL, na umeji (yana iwepụ anụ ahụ na - esote) - site na ibugharị apolipoproteins nke ụdị HDL.

Atụmatụ njikọ

Ka ọ bụrụ na e nweela oghere atherosclerotic site na cholesterol (nke ghọrọ ma ọ bụ "patches" na mgbidi mebiri emebi nke akwara na "oghere" dị ebe ahụ na-enweghị atrophy nke akwara muscle ga - eduga na mgbapu ya - saịtị ahụ dara), ma ọ bụ homonụ, ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ, a ga-ebu ụzọ rụọ ya n'otu n'ime ụzọ atọ:

Ebe ọ bụ na mkpụrụ ndụ akwara (ha cytosol na ezigbo endoplasmic reticulum) bụ ndị bụ ndị butere ihe onyinye ahụ (na 50% ma ọ bụ karịa), ekwesịrị ịtụle njikọ nke ihe ahụ kpọmkwem site n'ọnọdụ nke mmeghachi omume dị na ya.

Ngwakọta nke cholesterol na - aputa na ọkwa ise - na usoro nhazi usoro:

• mevalonate,
• ọnụnọ
• squalene
• lanosterol
• n'ezie cholesterol.

A ga - ekwe omume na - emegharị mgbanwe agaghị enwe ike na - enweghị ike nke enzymes nke na - egbochi usoro nke ọ bụla.

Video on cholesterol synthesis:

Enzymes na-etinye aka na otu ihe

Na nmalite izizi (nke mejuputara oru ato), ihe ndi ac acacacacion CoA (coenzyme A) bu nke acetyl-CoA-acetyltrasferase (thiolase) bu ihe ndi ozo acroll-CoA mebere. Ọzọkwa, site na ntinye aka nke HMG-CoA synthase (hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-CoA synthase), njikọ sitere na acetoacetyl-CoA na molecule nke acetyl-CoA ꞵ-hydroxy-ꞵ-methylglutaryl-CoA ga-ekwe omume.

Na mbelata HMG (ꞵ-hydroxy-ꞵ-methyl-glutaryl-CoA) site na ikpochapụ nke HS-CoA iberibe na ntinye nke NADP-based hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), ngwaahịa mbụ dị n'etiti, nke cholesterol preursor bụ melon, meva melon) )

Na ọkwa nke njikọ isoachinyl pyrophosphate, a na-arụ ọrụ anọ. Site na mevalonate kinase (ma phosphomevalonate kinase), a na-agbanwe Mevalonate 1 na 2 site na ịkpọghachi phosphorylation ugboro abụọ gaa na 5-phosphomevalonate, emesia gaa 5-pyrophosphomevalonate, nke na-aghọ 3-phospho-5-pyrophosphomevalonate na ọkwa atọ (phosphorylation na atọ carbonomom) (yana ntinye nke enzyme kinase).

Ọrụ ikpeazụ bụ decarboxylation na dephosphorylation na usoro nke isoachinyl pyrophosphate (ebido na ntinye nke enzyme pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase).

Na njikọ nke squalene, a malitere isomerization nke isopentenyl pyrophosphate ka dimethylallyl pyrophosphate pụtara (n'okpuru mmetụta isopentyl phosphatisomerase), mgbe ahụ isoachenyl pyrophosphate na-echekwa pyrophosphate (njikọta electronic na-adị n'etiti C₅ mbụ na C₅ ihe ozo) na nguzo geranyl pyrophosphate (ma nwekwaa moro nke pyrophosphate).

Nzọụkwụ ọzọ, a na-eme njikọ dị n’etiti C₅ isopentenyl pyrophosphate na C₁₀ geranyl pyrophosphate - n'ihi nnabata nke mbụ ya na nke abụọ, etinyere farnesyl pyrophosphate na molecule pyrophosphate nke ọzọ na-ekpochapu na C₁₅.

Oge a kwụsịrị na oghere nke mkpụrụ ndụ farnesyl pyrophosphate abụọ na mpaghara C₁₅- C₁₅ (na isi isi-ike) na iwepu 2 irighiri mmiri pyrophosphate n'otu oge. Maka oghere nke molekul abụọ, a na-eji mpaghara pyrophosphate dị iche iche, otu n'ime ha ga - emecha nke ọma, nke na - eduga n'ịmepụta pyrophosphate. N'oge mbelata NADPH (na mwepụ nke abụọ nke pyrophosphate), ihe a dị n'etiti (n'okpuru mmetụta nke squalene synthase) na-agbanwe ghọọ squalane.

A na - arụ ọrụ 2 na njikọ nke lanosterol: nke mbụ gwụsịrị na ịmepụta squalene epoxide (n'okpuru mmetụta nke squalene epoxidase), nke abụọ - ya na cyclization nke squalene epoxide banye na ngwaahịa ikpeazụ nke ogbo - lanosterol. Akpagharị otu methyl site na C₁₄ na C₁₃, na C₈ na C₁₄ maara oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase.

Agba ikpeazụ nke njikọta gụnyere usoro nke arụmọrụ ise. N'ihi nsị nke anwụrụ C₁₄ Otu methyl nke lanosterol na - emepụta ihe ana - akpọ 14-desmethylanosterol. Mgbe mwepu nke abụọ methyl ọzọ (na C₄) ihe ahụ na-aghọ zymosterol, na n'ihi nsonye nke njikọ nke abụọ C₈= C₉ iji ọnọdụ C₈= C₇ nguzosi nke δ-7,24-cholestadienol na aputa ihe (n ’ime ihe isomerase).

Mgbe ịghafere abụọ nkekọ C₇= C₈ iji ọnọdụ C₅= C₆ (site na nguzobe nke deslesterol) na mweghachi nke njikọta abụọ na yinye, a na-emepụta ihe ikpeazụ - cholesterol (ma ọ bụ nke ọzọ, cholesterol). Enzyme “δ” 24-reductase “na-eduzi” ọkwa ikpeazụ nke cholesterol synthesis.

Kedu ihe na-emetụta ụdị cholesterol?

N’ibu nrubelata ike nke lipoproteins pere mpe (LDL), ebum n’uche ha maka kristal cholesterol (site n’itolite ọnya nke atherosclerosis na akwara ndị na - amụba ike nke ọnya obi na ọnya akwara), lipoproteins nke ụdị a na - akpọkarị “cholesterol na - emerụ ahụ”, ebe lipoproteins dị elu nwere Akpukpo moliles (HDL) nke nwere ihe ozo di iche (n’enweghi nsogbu nke atherogenicity) ka akporo cholesterol “bara uru.”

N'iburu n'uche mmeghachi omume nke usoro a (anụ ahụ enweghị ike ịbụ ihe ọ bụla na-abaghị uru ọ bụla ma ọ bụ na-enweghị mmerụ ahụ), n'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, a na-atụ aro ugbu a maka ndị nwere nnukwu ohere maka ọrịa vaskụla iji chịkwaa ma belata LDL n'ọkwa kachasị mma.

N'ihe dị n'elu 4.138 mmol / l, a na-atụ aro ịhọrọ nri iji belata ọkwa ha ka ọ bụrụ 3.362 (ma ọ bụ obere), ọkwa dị elu karịa 4.914 bụ ihe ngosipụta maka ịkọwa ọgwụ iji belata ọgwụ ị intụ ọgwụ.

Ọ bụ ihe ndị mejupụtara akụkụ ọbara ọbara nke "ajọ cholesterol"

• arụ dị ala (arụ ọrụ nkịtị),
• ịreatụbiga nri ókè (ịdabere na nri), yana nsonaazụ ya - oke ibu ma ọ bụ oke ibu,
• ihe oriri na - adịghị edozi - yana oke nke abụba ndị na - eme nri, ngwa ngwa digestible carbohydrates (Grafica, muffins) na mmebi nke ọdịnaya nke pectin, eriri, vitamin, Chọpụta ihe, polyunsaturated faty acids,
• ọnụnọ nke ọgwụ egbu egbu nke ezinụlọ (ị smokingụ sịga, ị alcoholụ mmanya na-aba n'anya n'ụdị mmanya dị iche iche, ị abuseụ ọgwụ ọjọọ).

Ọnụnọ nke ọnụnọ ọrịa somatic na-adịghị ala ala nwere mmetụta ohiha nwere:

• ọrịa gallstone
• Ọrịa endocrine na hyperproduction nke homonụ nke adrenal cortex, ụkọ nke thyroid ma ọ bụ homonụ inwe mmekọahụ, ma ọ bụ ọrịa shuga,
• gbasara akwara na oke ịba ọcha n'anya nke akụkụ ụfọdụ nke njikọta akwara nke “bara uru” nke na-apụta na akụkụ ahụ ndị a,
• ọrịa dyslipoproteinemia.

Ọnọdụ cholesterol metabolism na-adabere kpọmkwem na steeti microflora nke eriri afọ, nke na-atụnye ụtụ (ma ọ bụ gbochie) oriri nke abụba nri, yana esonye na njikọ, mgbanwe, ma ọ bụ mbibi sterol nke exogenous ma ọ bụ nkwụghachi.

Nke ozo, ime ka ihe choputa cholesterol “ihe jọrọ njọ”:

• mmega ahụ, egwuregwu, ịgba egwu,
• na -ebi ndụ ahụ ike n’enwe anwụrụ na mmanya,
• nri dị mma n’enweghi ike nri nke nwere ike igwu mmiri, nke nwere obere anụ nke abụba anụmanụ zuru oke - mana nwere afọ ojuju zuru ezu nke faiba, polyunsaturated faty acid, ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri dị ọcha (lecithin, methionine, choline), ihe ndị metụtara, vitamin.

Vidiyo site na ọkachamara ahụ:

Kedụ ka usoro dị na ahụ?

Naanị ihe choro cholesterol n'ime 20% na-abanye n'ahụ ahụ nri ọ na - eri - ọ na - ewepụta ihe fọdụrụ 80% site na ya; na mgbakwunye imeju, a na - ebu site na ezigbo endoplasmic reticulum sel.

• eriri afọ
• gren adrenal
• akụrụ
• gril gital.

Na mgbakwunye na usoro oge gboo maka ịmepụta klọọkụ cholesterol nke akọwara n’elu, enwere ike iji ya mee ihe na-abụghị mevalonate. Yabụ, otu n'ime nhọrọ bụ ịmepụta otu ihe si na glucose (nke na-esite na enzymes ndị ọzọ na n'okpuru ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ nke akụkụ ahụ).

Synthesis nke Isopentenyl Pyrophosphate

Nchịkọta nke mevalonate na-agba na nkebi atọ.

1. Nmeputa acetoacetyl-CoA site na abuo acetyl-CoA abuo na-eji aciolaac acatoacetyltransferase nke thiolase. A na-atụgharịghachi mmeghachi omume ahụ. Na-eme na cytosol.
2. Ntughari nke β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA site na acetoacetyl-CoA nwere ihe acetyl-CoA nke ato site na iji hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMG-CoA synthase). A na-atụgharịghachi mmeghachi omume ahụ. Na-eme na cytosol.
3. Mepụta mevalonate site na Mbelata nke HMG na Mwepu nke HS-KoA na-eji NADP-based hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA reductase). Na-eme na GEPR. Nke a bụ mmeghachi omume mbụ na -agabeghị mgbagha na kọlọ choloerol biosynthesis, ọ na-amakwa ọnụego cholesterol biosynthesis. A chọpụtara mgbanwe dị na njikọ nke enzyme a. Ọrụ ya na-abawanye na ntinye nke insulin na homonụ thyroid, na-ebelata na agụụ, iwebata glucagon, glucocorticoids.

Usoro Schezọ:

E nwere ụzọ ndị ọzọ maka ịhazi mevalonate.

Synthesis nke isopentenyl pyrophosphate edit |