Ngwọta Zinc insulin Injection maka Ọrịa shuga

Nkwụsị nke insulin nke zinc insulin maka injection (insulin "K" ultralente) - nkwadebe insulin na-eme ogologo oge maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa mellitus.

Nkwụsị nke insulin nke zinc kristal bụ otu n'ime ọgwụ kachasị egbu egbu na-eme ka ọ pụta ihe na-erute elekere asatọ nke asatọ mgbe nchịkwa ahụ, nsonaazụ ya ruru 16-20 awa mgbe nchịkwa ma dịgide ruo 30-36 awa.

Iwu ntinye

A na-edobe ọnụọgụ nke nkwusioru na ọnụọgụ nke ọgwụ ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị n'otu oge maka onye ọrịa ọ bụla, na-eburu ego nke shuga dị na mmamịrị n'oge dị iche iche nke ụbọchị, ọkwa shuga ọbara, yana oge nke mmetụta hypoglycemic.

A na - edozi insulin niile na - ahapụ ntọhapụ, ọ bụ naanị subcutaneously.

Ndenye ọgwụ mgbochi nke zinc

Nkwụsị nke insulin nke zinc insulin maka injection (Suspensio zinc-insulini crystallisati pro injectionubus) bụ nkwusioru nke insulin na-enye kristal n'ime acetate na-eji pH nke 7.1-7.5. 1 ml nke nkwusioru nwere 40 IU nke insulin.

A na-ewepụta nkwanye na 5 ml na 10 ml sterili vials.

Ntuziaka maka iji ọgwụ ahụ

A na-atụ aro iji ọgwụ a kwụsịtụrụ insulin insulin maka injection na ọgwụgwọ nke ụdị ọrịa shuga 1 nke ọrịa mellitus, gụnyere ụmụaka na ụmụ nwanyị n'ọnọdụ. Na mgbakwunye, akụrụngwa a nwere ike iji ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ maka ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 nke ọrịa shuga, ọkachasị na arụmọrụ nke mbadamba shuga dị ala, ọkachasị, usoro sulfonylurea.

A na-eji insulin Zinc eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe iji gwọọ nsogbu ndị ọrịa shuga, dị ka mbibi obi na arịa ọbara, ụkwụ mamịrị na nkwarụ anya. Na mgbakwunye, ọ dị mkpa maka arụ ọrụ shuga siri ike na n'oge mgbake site na ha, yana nnukwu mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ ahụmịhe mmetụta siri ike.

Ekwesịrị insulin pensụl zinc kwụsị naanị maka ọgwụ ntụtụ, mana n'oge ụfọdụ enwere ike inye ya intramuscularly. Amachibidoro nchịkwa nke ọgwụ a ọgwụ siri ike, ebe ọ nwere ike ibute nnukwu ọrịa hypoglycemia.

A na-agbakọ onunu ogwu nke insulin Zinc n’otu n’otu n’otu n’otu n’arụrụ onye ọrịa ọ bụla. Dị ka insulins ndị ọzọ na-adị ogologo oge, a ga-achịrị ya 1 ma ọ bụ ugboro abụọ kwa ụbọchị, dabere na mkpa nke onye ọrịa.

Mgbe ị na-eji nkwusioru nke zinc insulin n'oge afọ ime, ọ dị ezigbo mkpa icheta na ọnwa atọ mbụ nke ịmụ nwa nwanyị nwere ike belata mkpa nke insulin, na ọnwa isii na-esote, n'ụzọ megidere, ọ ga-abawanye. Ekwesiri iburu n'uche nke a mgbe ị na-agbakọ dose nke ọgwụ ahụ.

Mgbe amuchara nwa n’ime shuga mellitus na n’oge a na-a breastụ ara, ọ dị mkpa iji nlezianya nyochaa ọkwa shuga dị n’ọbara ma, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, dozie insulin nke zinc.

Ekwesịrị ịdị na-elezi anya itinye glucose n'usoro ruo mgbe ọnọdụ zuru oke.

Taa, nkwụsị insulin zinc dị ụkọ n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị dị n'obodo ndị Russia. Nke a bụ n'ihi mmpụta nke ụdị insulin ọhụụ na-adịte aka, nke chụpụrụ ọgwụ a na shelf ụlọ ahịa.

Ya mere, ọ bụ ihe siri ike ịkpọ aha kpọmkwem insulin zinc insulin. N'ime ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ, a na-ere ọgwụ a n'okpuru aha ahia Insulin Semilent, Brinsulmidi MK, Iletin, Insulin Lente “HO-S”, Insulin Lente SPP, Insulin Lt VO-S, Insulin-Long SMK, Insulong SPP na Monotard.

Nyocha gbasara ọgwụ a dịcha mma. Ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa shuga ejirila ya nke ọma kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ. Ọ bụ ezie na n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ha na-ejiwanye ndị nnọchianya ọhụụ ugbu a dochie ya.

Dị ka analogues nke zinc insulin, ị nwere ike ịkpọ aha insulin ọ bụla na-eme ogologo ọrụ. Ndị a gụnyere Lantus, Insulin Ultralente, Insulin Ultralong, Insulin Ultratard, Levemir, Levulin na Insulin Humulin NPH.

Ọgwụ ndị a bụ ọgwụ maka ọrịa shuga nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ. Ulinlọ insulin gụnyere n'ụdị ha bụ ntụnyere nke insulin mmadụ, nke enwetara site na inyocha mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. Ya mere, ọ fọdụtara anaghị akpata allergies ma onye ọrịa na-anabata ya nke ọma.

A kọwara njiri mara insulin na vidiyo n'isiokwu a.

Insulin (insulinum)

Ọ bụ homonụ nke mepụtara n’ahụ́ nke mkpụrụ ndụ nke plọgị dị n’agwaetiti Langerhans.

Otutu insulin na-adi n’etiti ihe dị ka puku 12. N’ọdịnaya, mgbe pH nke ọkara na-agbanwe, mkpụrụ ndụ insulin na-ekesa n’ime monomers 2 na-arụ ọrụ nke homonụ. Ikike moomer na-adi ihe ruru 6000.

Mkpụrụ ndụ monomer nwere siliki polypeptide abụọ, otu n'ime ha nwere mkpuru amino acid 21 (yinye A), nke abụọ nwere ihe amino acid 30 (yinye B). Ejikọtara eriri dị na agba agba abụọ na-adịghị mma.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-eji otu ihe eji emepụta insulin.

Insulin nwere ikike a haziri nkezi idozi nguzozi nke ndi carbohydrate, neme ka nnabata nke glucose di ike ma nye aka na ntughari ya na glycogen. Ọ na-emekwa ka itinye glucose n’ime sel.

Insulin bụ ihe nnọchi anya ọgwụ na - emegide ọrịa. Mgbe etinyere ya n’ahụ, na-eme ka shuga dị n’ọbara belata, belata mmamịrị ya na mmamịrị, na-ewepụ mmetụta nke coma mamịrị.

Ofgwọ ọrịa shuga gụnyere ị insụ insulin na ndabere nri kwesịrị ekwesị.

A na-ekpebi ọrụ insulin biologically (site na ike iwetata shuga ọbara na oke bekee). Maka otu ọrụ (UNIT) ma ọ bụ otu mba ụwa (1 IE), a na-ewere ọrụ 0.04082 mg insulin crystalline (ọkọlọtọ).

Na mgbakwunye na mmetụta hypoglycemic, insulin na-akpata ọtụtụ mmetụta ndị ọzọ: mmụba nke ụlọ ahịa glycogen muscle, ịmụba ụba abụba, mkpali peptide kpaliri, belata oriri protein, wdg.

A na - enweta insulin maka iji ogwu gwọọ ya site na pancreas nke anumanu (ehi, ezi, wdg).

Ugbu a, yana insulin a na-ejikarị (insulin maka injection), enwere ọtụtụ ọgwụ nke nwere ogologo ọrụ.

Ihe mgbakwunye nke zinc, protamine (protein) na onye na-a drugsụ ọgwụ ndị a na-agbanwe ọnụego mmalite nke mmetụta iwetulata shuga, oge mmetụta kachasị (“ọnụ ọgụgụ”) yana ngụkọta oge nke ime ihe.

Ọgwụ na-eme ogologo oge nwere pH dị elu karịa insulin maka injection, nke a na-eme ka inje ha dị obere ghara egbu mgbu.

Enwere ike inye ndị ọrịa ọgwụ ogologo oge karịa insulin maka injection, nke na-eme ka ọgwụgwọ dị mfe nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa mellitus.

A na - arụ ọrụ ngwa ngwa (ihe dị ka awa 6) na insulin maka ịgba ntụtụ, a na - arụ ọrụ obere oge (10-12 awa) site na nkwụsị nke amorphous zinc-insulin, yana protamine-zinc-insulin na-agbanye (ruo awa 20), na nkwụsị insulin. protamine (awa 18-30), nkwusioru nke zinc-insulin (rue awa 24), nkwusioru nke protamine-zinc-insulin (awa 24-36) na nkwusioru igwe mkpu zinc-insulin (rue rue oge 30-36).

Nhọrọ nke ọgwụ eji eme ihe na-adabere n'ịdị ogo nke ọrịa, ụzọ ya, ọnọdụ izugbe nke onye ọrịa yana njiri mara nke ọgwụ ahụ, yana ngwa ahịa ọgwụ (ọsọ nke mmalite na oge mmetụta hypoglycemic, pH, wdg).

Dika odi, ndi oria nwere ogologo oge ka enyere ka ndi oria na enwe oria di nma ma nwekwaa udiri, ebe ndi oria anabatachaa uzo abuo nke insulin (karie) ozo kwa ubochi.

Na precoatous ọnọdụ na ọrịa mamịrị, yana n'ụdị siri ike nke ọrịa shuga mellitus na ebumnuche nke ketosis ugboro ugboro yana ọrịa na-efe efe, ọgwụ elongated na-contraindicated, n'ọnọdụ ndị a, a na-eji insulin nkịtị maka ntụtụ.

Insulin maka injection (insulinum pro injectionibus).

A na-enweta ọgwụ ahụ site na ịgwari insulin crystalline (ya na ihe omimi ndu nke opekata mpe 22 PieCES na 1 mg) na acid acid na hydrochloric acid.

A na-agbakwunye glycerol 1.6-1.8% na ngwọta na phenol (0.25-0.3%) dịka ihe eji echekwa ya, pH nke ihe ngwọta bụ 3.0-3.5. Mmiri mmiri na-enweghị paịlị na-enweghị ụcha. A na-ahapụ ọgwụ ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ 40 ma ọ bụ 80 IEBIER in na 1 ml.

Eji ihe maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa shuga.

A na-edowe doses iche iche dabere n'ọnọdụ onye ọrịa, ọdịnaya shuga dị na mmamịrị (na ọnụego 1 ED kwa 5 g shuga dị na mmamịrị). Dịkarị, usoro onunu ogwu (maka ndị okenye) sitere na nkeji 10 ruo 20 kwa ụbọchị. N'otu oge ahụ, a na-enye usoro nri kwesịrị ekwesị.

Ojiji insulin na nhọrọ nke onyunyo na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru nchịkwa nke ọdịnaya shuga na mmamịrị na ọbara ma na-enyocha ọnọdụ ọnọdụ onye ọrịa.

Na coma mamịrị, ọnụọgụ insulin na-abawanye ruo 100 IU ma ọ bụ karịa kwa ụbọchị (n'otu oge ahụ, a na-enye onye ọrịa ọgwụ gluu intravenous glucose).

Insulin maka igba ntụtụ nwere nsonye di bekee di nfe ma di obere. Mmetụta ahụ na - apụtakarị n’ime nkeji iri na ise ruo iri abụọ na ise mgbe ịgba ọgwụ ahụ gachara, “ọnụ ọgụgụ” nke ihe a mere - ka awa 2-4 gachara, oge ngụkọta ahụ ruru awa 6.

A na-agbanye ọgwụ ahụ ugboro atọ n'ụbọchị, a na-enye ọgwụ ahụ n'okpuru anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ intramuscularly 15-20 nkeji tupu eri. Mgbe enyere gị ugboro atọ, a na-ekesasị doses nke mere na, na ntụtụ ikpeazụ (tupu nri abalị), a na-a aụ ọgwụ insulin dị ala iji zere hypoglycemia nke ehihie.

N'ime ọbara, a na-ahụ insulin (ihe ruru nkeji iri ise) naanị maka shuga na-arịa ọrịa shuga, ọ bụrụ na injections dị n'okpuru ala anaghị arụ ọrụ nke ọma.

Mgbe ị na-agbanwe site na insulin ọgwụgwọ maka inje na ọgwụ a na-ewepụta ogologo oge, ọ dị mkpa iji nlezianya nyochaa mmeghachi omume onye ọrịa, ụbọchị mbụ 7-10, mgbe ekwesịrị ịkọpụta ọgwụ nke ogologo oge.

Iji chọpụta mmeghachi omume nke onye ọrịa na ọgwụ ọhụrụ, a na-atụ aro ka a na-eme nnyocha ugboro ugboro karịa shuga (mgbe ụbọchị 2-3 gachara) na mmamịrị anakọtara na akụkụ ụbọchị, yana ọmụmụ banyere shuga ọbara (n'ụtụtụ na afọ efu).

Dabere na data enwetara, awa nchịkwa nke ọgwụ ogologo oge na-eburu n'uche oge mmalite nke mmetụta shuga dị ala, yana oge nchịkwa ọzọ (ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa) nke insulin nkịtị na nkesa nke carbohydrates na nri kwa ụbọchị.

N'ime usoro ọgwụgwọ ọzọ, a na-enyocha ọdịnaya shuga dị na mmamịrị ọ dịkarịa ala 1 oge kwa izu, ọkwa shuga dị n'ọbara bụ ugboro 1-2 kwa ọnwa.

A na-eji insulin insulin (4-8 nkeji 1-2 ugboro n'ụbọchị) maka nri na-edozi ahụ, mbelata nke na-edozi ahụ, furunculosis, thyrotoxicosis, vomiting oke nke ụmụ nwanyị dị ime, ọrịa afọ (atony, gastroptosis), ịba ọcha n'anya, ụdị mbufụt nke imeju imeju (na-enye glucose n'otu oge) )

N'ime omume psychiatric, a na-eji insulin eme ka ọnọdụ hypoglycemic dị mma n'ịgwọ ụdị ụfọdụ nke schizophrenia. A na - eme insulin coma (ujo) site na subcutaneous kwa ụbọchị ma ọ bụ irighiri intramuscular nke insulin maka injection, malite na 4 IU, yana mgbakwunye nke 4 IU kwa ụbọchị ruo mgbe ọdịdị nke nzuzu ma ọ bụ coma.

Mgbe sopor pụtara, ọnụọgụ insulin adịghị aba n'ime ụbọchị abụọ, n'ụbọchị nke atọ, a na-amụba dose ahụ site na nkeji 4 ma a na-aga n'ihu na usoro ịba ụba ruo mgbe kọmpụta pụtara. Oge nke Coma mbụ bụ nkeji 5-10, emesia onye ọ bụla chọrọ ịkwụsị. N'ọdị n'ihu, oge coma na-abawanye ruo minit 30-40.

N'ime usoro ọgwụgwọ, ha na-akpọ mmadụ ugboro 25-30.

Kwụsị coma site na intravenous infusion nke 20 ml nke 40% glucose ngwọta. Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị coma, onye ọrịa ahụ na-enweta tii na 150-200 g shuga na nri ụtụtụ. Ọ bụrụ na mgbe nchịkwa ọbara intravenous nke ọbara ahụ akwụsịghị, mmiri ọgwụ 400 ml nke nwere 200 g shuga na-ebute n’ime afọ site na nsị.

Ojiji eji insulin mee ihe n’okwu niile. Site na ị carbohydụbiga ya ókè na oke mmiri, ọ na-eme ka ike gwụ hypoglycemic, nwere ike bute nsụhọ mmụọ, ịmị mkpụrụ na mbelata nke ọrụ obi.

Mgbe ihe ịrịba ama nke hypoglycemia pụtara, a ga-enye onye ọrịa 100 g achịcha ọcha ma ọ bụ kuki, yana iji akara ndị ọzọ akpọrọ, 2-3 ngaji ma ọ bụ karịa okpukpo karia.

N'ọnọdụ ụbụrụ hypoglycemic, a na-etinye mmiri glucose 40% na akwara ma na-enye nnukwu shuga (lee n'elu).

Ihe mgbochi iji ojiji insulin bụ ọrịa na-eme na hypoglycemia, nnukwu ịba ọcha n'anya, cirrhosis, hemolytic jaundice, pancreatitis, nephritis, amyloidosis nke akụrụ, urolithiasis, afọ na ọnya duodenal, ntụpọ obi obi decompensated.

Achọrọ nlekọta dị ukwuu na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa mellitus na ọnụnọ nke akwara ọbara na ihe mberede ụbụrụ.

Inje insulin nwere ike na-egbu mgbu n'ihi obere pH nke ihe ngwọta.

Ofdị mwepụta nke insulin: n’ime karama mmanya na-anọpụ iche, ejiri ọgwụ herbalically mechie ya na roba nkwụsị na-eji ọsọ metal, 5-10 ml nwere ọrụ 40 na 80 PIECES na 1 ml.

A na - anakọta insulin site na vial ahụ site na iji irighiri sirinji kepu rọba roba, nke a na-eji mmanya na-egbu ma ọ bụ iodine mbụ.

Nchekwa: Detuo B. Na okpomọkụ nke 1 ruo 10 Celsius, anaghị anabata ntu oyi.

Ulinlọ insulin nke enwetara site na pancreas nke whales (whale insulin) dịtụ na amino acid mepụtara site na insulin nkịtị, mana ọ dị ya nso na ọrụ mmelata shuga.

E jiri ya tụnyere insulin nkịtị, insulin cetacean na-arụ ọrụ nwayọ nwayọ, mgbe ewepụtara ya n'okpuru anụ ahụ, a na-ahụ mmalite mmalite ihe dị ka nkeji 30-60, kachasị mgbe awa 3-6 gachara, ogologo oge ọ ga-arụ bụ 6-10 awa.

Ejiri maka ọrịa shuga (ụdị na-adịghị ala ala na nke siri ike).

N'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọgwụ dị iche n'ụdị kemịkal dị na insulin nke enwetara site na pancreas nke ehi na ezì, ọ na - adị mma mgbe ụfọdụ n'okwu ndị na - eguzogide insulin nkịtị, a na - ejikwa ya mgbe a hụrụ mmeghachi omume nfụkasị insulin nkịtị (n'agbanyeghị, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ whale insulin na-ebutekwa mmeghachi omume nfụkasị).

Tinye n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụ intramuscularly ugboro atọ n'ụbọchị. Usoro onunu ogwu, ihe mgbochi, nsogbu ndi ozo di na ya, contraindications bu nke insulin maka ogwu igba.
A naghị akwado insulin Whale maka coma mamịrị, ebe ọ na-eme nwayọ karịa insulin na-eme mgbe niile.

Mpempe aka weputara: n’ime karama ejiri herbalically mechie ya na igwe eji eme ihe, 5 na 10 ml nwere oru 40 PIEJI na 1 ml.

Nchekwa: lee insulin maka igba ogwu.

Ọrịa mamịrị mellitus - nhazi insulin

Nkwụsị insulin-zinc-insulin "A" (ICS "A") - amorphous zinc-insulin. Ọgwụ na-amalite ime ihe awa 1-5 na ọkara mgbe nchịkwa subcutaneous ya ga-anọ ruo awa iri na abụọ na 10-12 (a na-ahụkarị nsonaazụ kacha mma site na 5-7th hour mgbe ịgba ọgwụ). Nkwụsị insulin-zinc-"A" yiri ọgwụ Dutch "teepu asaa".

Insulin-zinc-kwụsịtụrụ “K” (ICS “K”) - zinc-insulin kristal. Site na iji ngbanwe dị n'okpuru ala, nsonaazụ ya na-amalite awa 6-8 mgbe nchịkwa gachara. Ọ rụpụtara nsonaazụ kasịnụ mgbe awa 12-18 gachara, na-akwụsị mgbe awa 28-30 gachara. Analog nke ọgwụ Danish "ultra-teepu."

Nkwụsị insulin-zinc (ISC) bụ ngwakọta nke ICS "A" (30%) na ICS "K" (70%). Mmalite nke ọgwụ bụ mgbe awa 1-1.5 gachara were awa 24. Mgbe nchịkwa ọgwụ ahụ gasịrị, a na-ahụ oke ọrụ abụọ ya - ka awa 5-7 na awa 12-18 gasịrị, nke kwekọrọ n'oge ezigbo ọrụ nke nkwadebe ndị dị na ya. Analog bụ “teepu ọhụrụ”.

B-insulin bụ ọgwụ insulin na-enweghị ike, na-enweghị ụcha na ọ na-agbatịkwu ogologo oge.Mmalite nke mmetụta hypoglycemic na-apụta otu awa mgbe nchịkwa gasịrị. Oge ọ ga-eme ihe bụ awa iri na anọ. Emere ya na Germany.

Ihe nhazi insulin a na-eme ogologo oge dị na karama 5 ml nke nwere ọdịnaya nke nkeji 40 na otu mililiter. Tupu ojiji, vial ahụ kwesịrị ịma jijiji ruo ntakịrị ruo mgbe nsogbu ọkọlọtọ pụtara. Ekwesiri iburu n'uche na enwere ike ịnye ọgwụ ndị a niile naanị subcutaneously. A naghị anabata irighiri irighiri akwara ha. Cannweghi ike iji ha nke akpịrị na-arịa ọrịa shuga.

Etu esi eme insulin insulin?

Imirikiti ndị ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa shuga chọrọ ịnara insulin kwa ụbọchị (mgbe ụfọdụ ọtụtụ ugboro n'ụbọchị) iji nọgide na-adị mma. Ya mere, ọ dị mma na onye ọrịa ọ bụla mụta ịhazi insulin na-arụ ọrụ nke aka ya.

A na-enyekarị ọnya nsị n'okpuru anụ ahụ mpaghara dị n'èzí na azụ nke ubu ma ọ bụ n'okpuru agụba ubu. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa etinye insulin na aka ya, ọ kachasị adaba iji mee nke a na aka ekpe ma ọ bụ n'apata ụkwụ (site na mpụga), n'akụkụ aka ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ akụkụ nke afọ.

Maka inje, ọ ka mma iji sirinji “insulin” a rụrụ n'ụzọ pụrụ iche ma ọ bụ obere mpekere (1-2 ml) nke nwere 0.1 ml nkewa.

Tupu ị na-enye insulin, ọ dị mkpa ikpebiri ego ole ọgwụ a ga-abanye na sirinji (n'ọnọdụ a, ka dọkịta dozie ya ga-eduzi).

Nke a bụ ọmụmaatụ: ọ bụrụ na insulin 40 nke insulin nwere ъ ml nke ọgwụ ahụ, na onye ọrịa ahụ kwesịrị ịbanye nkeji iri abụọ, mgbe ahụ, a ga-adọrọ insulin 0,5 ml n'ime sirinji, nke ga-ekwekọ na nkewa 5 nke 1-gram na 2,5 nke nke syringe 2-gram.

A na-eme ngụkọta oge a site na iji sirinji ot, ma ọ ka mma iji sirinji pụrụ iche maka inje insulin.

Mgbe ị na-agba ntụtụ, ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na enwere ọgwụ ike zuru ezu (iji zere ibute ọrịa).

Usoro nke nchịkwa insulin dị mfe ma ọ dịghị achọ ọzụzụ ọzụzụ ahụike pụrụ iche. Ka osila dị, ndị mbụ wee gwọọ onye ọrịa ahụ n'onwe ya ga-emerịrị ya n'okpuru nlekọta nke ndị nọọsụ na enyemaka ya.

Tupu ịmalite ịgba ọgwụ, onye ọrịa ahụ kwesịrị ịnwe ampoule nwere insulin, sirinji nwere agịga abụọ, anwụrụ anatomical, owu na-aba n'anya, ethyl ma ọ bụ mmanya methyl (mmanya a na-akpọ disatured), sterizer, ma ọ bụ efere a họpụtara maka ịkwanye sirinji ahụ. Ọ dị mkpa na onye ọrịa ahụ site na mbido ahụ were ọgwụ niile dị mkpa wee mara ya na inje ya. Anabataghị ileghara anya ebe a. Mmebi nke adịghị ike pụrụ ịkpata nsogbu dị egwu (ọnụnọ, wdg).

Tupu ntụtụ ahụ, a na-agbasa sirinji ahụ, mgbe ahụ, yana agịga na ntanetị, na-eme nri maka minit 5-10 na mmiri dị ọcha. A na-ewepụ sirinji na-agbaze agbaji site na ọkpọka ma zukọta na-enweghị emetụ elu nke ọkpọ ahụ na ọnụ ọnụ nke sirinji ahụ. Withjiri pensụ etinyere agịga na sirinji, mmegharị nke piston na-ewepụ mmiri fọdụrụnụ na sirinji.

A na-anakọta insulin site na vial ahụ dị ka ndị a: a na-ewetara piston nke sirinji ahụ akara kwekọrọ na insulin chọrọ ya, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-ejikwa okpu roba ampoule jiri agịga a na-eyi na sirinji.

Mgbe etinyere agịga ahụ n'ime ampoule (tupu etinye ya na mmiri mmiri), a na-ahapụ ikuku dị n'ime sirinji (a na-eme ya site na ịpị ọkpọ ahụ). Mgbe ahụ, site n'ịtọpụ karama ahụ, a mikpuru agịga ahụ na ngwọta insulin. N'okpuru nrụgide ikuku, mmiri na-amalite ịbanye n'ime sirinji.

Mgbe ịpachara ọgwụ kwesiri, were agịga na sirinji wepụ ampoule ahụ. N'oge a, ikuku nwere ike ịbanye syringe.

Ya mere, ekwesịrị iji obere agịga nọrọ oge ụfọdụ, wee hapụ ikuku na obere mmiri site na ya (ọ bụ ya mere ị ga-eji were obere insulin banye na sirinji karịa ka ọ dị mkpa iji gbaa ntụtụ).

A ga-ebu ụzọ jiri ajị anụ hichaa ebe a na-agba ntụtụ. Mgbe ahụ, ana-ejide anụ ahụ nwere anụ ahụ n'okpuru ala, ya na aka ekpe ya, wee jiri aka nri wee tinye agịga ahụ.

Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, jiri aka ekpe jiri agịga ahụ na nkwụsị ahụ, wee jiri aka nri pịa piston ahụ na nsọtụ; mgbe ị wepụsịrị agịga ahụ, a na-eji mmanya na-ajectionụbiga ọgwụ mgbochi ahụ.

N'oge ịgba ntụtụ, a ga-elerịrị anya iji hụ na insulin anaghị akwafu ntụtụ ntụtụ ahụ (jiri naanị agịzụ dabara na njedebe nke sirinji ahụ).

Dịka ị siri hụ, usoro ịgba ntụtụ ahụ anaghị ebute nsogbu ọ bụla. Onye ọrịa ahụ na-enweta amamihe dị mkpa ngwa ngwa. Ọ bụ naanị na ọ dị mkpa iji lekọta iwu niile na ịkpachara anya.

Insulin agbanweela ọgwụgwọ ọrịa shuga. Mana usoro ọgwụgwọ ya site na enyemaka ya, dịka anyị kwurula, esighị na ndọghachi azụ ụfọdụ: ọ dị mkpa iji dozie insulin n'ụdị injections 2-3, mgbe ụfọdụ kwa ugboro 4 n'ụbọchị, mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-ahụ hypoglycemia (ọ bụrụ na ị soghị nri ahụ), n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ enwere onye ọ bụla nnagide, ihe ezighi ezi mgbe ogwu ogbugba, wdg.

Insulin bu ogwu nke protein. Ya mere, ojiji ya na-ebute mmeghachi omume nfụkasị ahụ. Ọ bụ ya mere n'ọnọdụ ndị a, a na-atụ aro ịgbanwe usoro insulin na-elekọta. N'ọtụtụ ọrịa, ọgwụ insulin na-abụkarị ọgwụ mgbochi.

Ictionụ ọgwụ insulin anaghị etolite. Enwere ike ịkagbu ngwa ngwa, karịchaa ugbu a, mgbe enwere ọgwụ hypoglycemic dị iche iche ndị ọrịa na-eji ọnụ. Ndị a gụnyere ọgwụ ndị na - eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ịdalata ụdị sulfonamide na biguanides.

Nkọwa nke insulin zinc insulin insulin (insulin zinc insulin, compound): ntuziaka, ojiji, contraindications na usoro.

• Ndi okacha amara, reagents na intermediates

1 ml nke na-anọpụ iche nke mmiri na-anọpụ iche nwere zinc (n'ụdị chloride) 47 μg, sodium chloride 7 mg, sodium acetate 1.4 mg, methyl parahydroxybenzoate 1 mg, yana sodium hydroxide na hydrochloric acid (maka mmezi pH), na 10 ml vials , n'ime karama paịlị 1.

A ga-eme mmeri mkpuchi nke zinc insulin nke Novo Nordisk mere n'okpuru ọnọdụ aseptic ka ọkwa nke dọkịta kpebiri site na usoro achọrọ (tumadi maka ụmụaka) yana oke ọrụ aka nke sirinji insulin dị azụmahịa.

N’ebe gbara ọchịchịrị n ’okpomoku 2 8 C. N’oku nju oyi. A na-anabata nchekwa n’ebe echekwara ka anwụ ghara ihie n’ebe ime ụlọ adịghị elu karịa 25 C maka izu isii.

Ekwela ka ụmụaka ghara iru ya.

Afọ 2 N'ịbụ nke gbara ya ka ọ bụrụ 10 IU / ml, ịkwado insulin ahụ kwụsiri ike maka izu 2 mgbe echekwara ya na friji adịghị oke nso na friza n'oge okpomọkụ nke 2-8 C.

N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ngosipụta nke mmeghachi omume nfụkasị akụkụ nke ọgwụ ahụ ga-ekwe omume. Gabiga usoro a tụrụ aro ya, ịgbalịsi ike nke anụ ahụ, oge nri, ọrịa na-efe efe gụnyere afọ ọsịsa na vomiting nwere ike ịkpata hypoglycemia.

N'otu oge ahụ, nwamba ahụ nwere ọrịa na-ama jijiji, ọsụsọ siri ike, mmetụta agụụ oge niile, obi ọgbụgba na ọsịsọ, ụjọ, nchekasị, na enweghị mwepu nke oghere. Mgbe ihe mgbaàmà ndị a pụtara, inwale ọbara dị mkpa iji chọpụta ọkwa shuga dị n'ọbara na idozi ọgwụgwọ. N'ọnọdụ ndị dị otú a, a na-eji igwe eji agbanye mmiri nwere glucose.

Ọ bụrụ na anụmanụ anaghị enweta insulin zuru oke, na-emeghị injections ya na oge, mgbe ahụ hyperglycemia (ọrịa mamịrị acidosis). Nke a bụ ihe kpatara oke ịkpọ nkụ, nri nri, iro ụra na ike ọgwụgwụ.

A na-enye cat ntụtụ ntụtụ n'ụtụtụ tupu iri nri. Ọzọkwa, ọnụọgụ nri kwesịrị ịbụ 50% nke nri ụbọchị niile. Nke abụọ nri na-rụrụ mgbe awa 12 na mgbe ochichi nke ọgwụ.

N’okpuru ntuziaka ndị ahụ, enweghị mmetụta ọ bụla edeturu. Ọ bụ ezie na iji ọgwụ ogologo oge nke caninsulin nwere ike ibute lipodystrophy. Enyela ọgwụ a maka ụmụ anụmanụ nwere ọbara mgbali elu (hypoglycemia).

E10 Ọrịa shuga na-arịa insulin na-akpata insulin mellitus Ọrịa insulin na-abụghị insulin

Ọgwụ insulin etiti. Anụmanụ (a na-eme ka ọ dị ọcha nke ukwuu) anụ ezi gwakọta zinc-insulin. Ọ dị n'ụdị nkwusioru na-anọpụ iche maka ịgba ọgwụ nwere 30% amorphous na insulin nke kristal 70%.

Ọgwụ Farmacology

Mmetụta ọgwụ ahụ bụ hypoglycemic.

Na -emezi usoro metabolism nke carbohydrates, lipids na protein. Ọ na - emekọrịta n'etiti ndị na - anabata ndị ọbịa nke mkpụrụ ndụ cytoplasmic ma mepụta insulin receptor complex. Site na mmegharị nke cAMP (na mkpụrụ ndụ abụba na sel imeju) ma ọ bụ banye n'ime sel (akwara), ihe ndị ahụ dị mkpa na-arụ ọrụ usoro intracellular, gụnyere

na - eme ka njikọ nke enzymes glycolysis nke hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere glycogen synthetase na akụkụ ahụ (imeju, akwara ọkpụkpụ). Na-abawanye ike nke membranes cell maka glucose yana ọnụego ojiji ya site na anụ ahụ.

Mbelata glucose ọbara na-abawanye na lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, njikọ protein na mbelata na mmepụta glucose imeju. Ọ nwere mmetụta na-apụtaghị ìhè na mmiri na metabolism metabolism.

Mwepu na mmalite nke nsonaazụ ahụ dabere na usoro (s / c ma ọ bụ na / m) yana ebe (afọ, apata ụkwụ, ụkwụ) nke nchịkwa, olu ntụtụ, ịta insulin na ọgwụ, wdg. Ọ na-ekesa na-ezighi ezi gafee anụ ahụ, ọ banyeghị na mgbochi ihe placental na banye n'obi mmiri ara ehi. T1 / 2 bụ nkeji 5-6. Site na insulinase n'ime imeju yana akụrụ. Ọ bụ ya mere akụrụ (30 80%).

1dị 1 nke ọrịa shuga mellitus, gụnyere n'ime ụmụaka na ụmụ nwanyị dị ime (na adịghị ike nke usoro ọgwụgwọ nri), ụdị ọrịa shuga mellitus nke 2 (na-eguzogide ọgwụ nke hypoglycemic nke a na-enweta site na sulfonylureas), yana ọrịa ọrịa intercurrent, oke ịwa ahụ, n'oge ọrụ, yana mmerụ ahụ na ọnọdụ nrụgide na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa mellitus.

Ihe ngbanwe

Hypersensitivity, hypoglycemia, insuloma.

N’ime afọ ime, ọ bụ iwu n’iburu n’uche idobelata (M trimester) ma ọ bụ mmụba (II na III trimesters) nke insulin chọrọ. N'oge a na-a breastụ ara, a na-atụ aro ka a na-elegide anya ruo ọtụtụ ọnwa (ruo mgbe ọ bụla ọ chọrọ insulin.

Hypoglycemia (ya na nnukwu onunu ogwu, ma ọ bụ igbu oge iri nri, mgbatị ahụ dị arọ, megide nzụlite nke oria ma ọ bụ ọrịa, ọkachasị na ọgbụgbọ na ọnya afọ): pallor, sweating, palpitations, ehighị ụra, ịma jijiji na ihe mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ, ruo coma na coma,

hyperglycemia na ọrịa shuga acidosis (na obere doses, injections na-efu, nri na-adịghị mma, megide ndabere nke ọrịa na ahụ ọkụ), yana njiri agụụ, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, agụụ, agụụ nke ihu na ihe mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ, ruo na coma na coma,

nfụkasị, incl. Mmeghachi anaphylactoid (nke na-adịghị ahụkebe), ihe ọkụ ọkụ, angioedema, laryngeal edema, ure anaphylactic, hyperemia na itching na ntụtụ ahụ (n'ime izu ndị mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ), lipodystrophy (ya na nchịkwa ogologo oge na otu ebe).

Mmekorita

mgbochi ọgwụ homonụ, ọgwụ mgbochi steroidal na mbufụt, homonụ thyroid, heparin, nkwadebe lithium, nicotine (ị ,ụ sịga), thiazide na loop diuretics. Ethanol na ọgwụ na - emebi ọgwụ (mmekorita ọgwụ), ọ dakọtara (enweghị ike ịgwakọta) ya na insulins nwere phosphate, yana mgbochi ndị ọzọ nke zinc-insulin.

Dodoụbiga ya ókè

Mgbaàmà: ihe ịrịba ama nke hypoglycemia, ọsụsọ oyi, adịghị ike, pallor nke anụ ahụ, palpitations, ịma jijiji, ịma jijiji, ọgbụgbọ, ọgbụgba n'ụkwụ, egbugbere ọnụ, ire, isi ọwụwa, n'ọnọdụ ndị siri ike, hypoglycemic coma.

Ọgwụ: maka hypoglycemia dị nwayọ ma na-egbu egbu, ịba ụba nke glucose (mbadamba glucose, ihe ọ ,ụ fruitụ mkpụrụ osisi, mmanụ a honeyụ, shuga na nri ndị ọzọ nwere shuga), na nnukwu hypoglycemia, karịsịa na mwepu nke mmụọ na 50% nke 50% iv glucose ngwọta sochiri na-aga n'ihu. infusion nke 5 10% glucose ngwọta, ma ọ bụ 1 2 mg nke glucagon (i / m, s / c, iv), n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, diazoxide iv 300 mg maka 30 min ọ bụla awa anọ ọ bụla,

Hypoglycemia (ya na nnukwu onunu ogwu, ma ọ bụ igbu oge iri nri, mgbatị ahụ dị arọ, megide nzụlite nke oria ma ọ bụ ọrịa, ọkachasị na ọgbụgbọ na ọnya afọ): pallor, sweating, palpitations, ehighị ụra, ịma jijiji na ihe mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ, ruo coma na coma,

hyperglycemia na ọrịa shuga acidosis (na obere doses, injections na-efu, nri na-adịghị mma, megide ndabere nke ọrịa na ahụ ọkụ), yana njiri agụụ, akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ, agụụ, agụụ nke ihu na ihe mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ, ruo na coma na coma,

nfụkasị, incl. Mmeghachi anaphylactoid (nke na - adịghị ahụkebe) - ihe ọkụ ọkụ, angioedema, laryngeal edema, ure anafilactic, na ntụtụ ebe - hyperemia na itching (n'ime izu ndị mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ), lipodystrophy (ya na nchịkwa ogologo oge na otu ebe).

ogwu mgbochi homonụ, ọgwụ mgbochi steroidal, homonụ thyroid, heparin, nkwadebe lithium, nicotine (na-a smokingụ sịga), thiazide na loop diuretics. Ethanol na ọgwụ na - emebi ọgwụ (mmekorita ọgwụ), ọ dakọtara (enweghị ike ịgwakọta) ya na insulins nwere phosphate, yana mgbochi ndị ọzọ nke zinc-insulin.

Ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ

Nkwadebe nke otu insulin-zinc-kwụsịtụrụ nwere oge dị iche. Ọgwụ insulin-zinc-kwụsịtụrụ A (amorphous zinc-insulin) na-egosipụta mmetụta iwetulata shuga kachasị mgbe awa 1 11/2 gachara, mgbe ọ gbasịrị ihe dị ka awa asaa, ma jiri nwayọ malite ịdalata. Ogologo oge mmetụta shuga dị ala nke ọgwụ a bụ elekere iri na abụọ.

Ọgwụ insulin-zinc-kwụsịtụrụ ọgwụ ọgwụ (crystalline zinc-insulin) nwere oge ngụkọta oge kachasị ruo ihe ruru awa iri atọ mgbe ịgba ntụtụ ahụ gasịrị, achọpụtara ihe kachasi ike mgbe awa iri na abụọ gachara. Nkwụsị insulin-zinc ọgwụ ahụ (amorphous na kristal agwakọta) nwere oge ọrụ ruo awa 24 ma nwee mmetụta kachasị mgbe elekere asatọ ruo iri na abụọ gachara.

Mgbe ị na-ebufe onye ọrịa na ntụtụ nke insulin-zinc-kwụsịtụ Nkwadebe, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nkeji insulin gbaburu onye ọrịa na ọgwụ irigbu abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa n'oge ụbọchị tupu nri ụtụtụ.

Mgbe ị na-agbanye na ntụtụ nke protamine-zinc-insulin ma ọ bụ n'ụdị insulin-zinc-kwụsịtụrụ (K ma ọ bụ agwakọta) n’ụbọchị mbụ tupu nri ụtụtụ, a na-agbanye insulin dị mfe n’ihe dị ka otu ụzọ n’ụzọ atọ nke ngụkọta insulin natara n’ụbọchị tupu, na nke ahụ edenye ọgwụ ọnụ. otu dọkịta nke otu n'ime insulins nọ na-egosipụta ogologo oge n'ihe dị ka ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke ngụkọta insulin kwa ụbọchị.

N’ọdịnihu, site na ụbọchị na-esote, dịka otu onye dọkịnta si duzie, ị nwere ike ịgbanye naanị otu ntụtụ nke insulin na-eme ogologo oge kwa ụbọchị tupu nri ụtụtụ ma ọ bụ gaa n'ihu ịjeụ insulin insulin gbatịrị na mgbakwunye insulin insulin dị mfe, dị ka akọwara n’elu.

Mgbe ị na-ebufe onye ọrịa na inje nke protamine-zinc-insulin ma ọ bụ nkwụsị insulin-zinc nke ụdị ICC na ICSC, ekwesịrị ịmaliteghachi nri ya ka ọnụ ọgụgụ kachasị ukwuu nke nri carbohydrates dị n'ụtụtụ na mgbede.

Nke a bụ ihe dị mkpa iji nweta nsonaazụ shuga n'ụbochị kwa ụbọchị na ọgwụ ị dailyụ ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị ma zere mmalite nke hypoglycemia abalị. Maka nke a, a na-adụ ndị ọrịa ọdụ ka ha hapụ obere nri maka nri ụra (dịka ọmụmaatụ, iko mmiri ara ehi ma ọ bụ kefir na achịcha 50 grams).

Iji họrọ nkwadebe insulin kwesịrị ekwesị yana ogologo ọrụ yana ịhazigharị ọgwụ ka dọkịta na-ahụ maka onye ọrịa, ọ dị mkpa ịnwe data gbasara ọnụọgụ shuga ekenye ndị ọrịa n'oge dị iche iche n'ụbọchị. Maka nke a, onye ọrịa ahụ ga-anakọta mmamịrị kwa ụbọchị maka nyocha n'ọtụtụ akụkụ.

Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa ahụ, na-agbaso nri anụ ahụ, ọ na-etinye shuga dị na mmamịrị ahụ na ọkara mbụ nke ụbọchị (mgbe nri ụtụtụ na mgbe nri ehihie), mgbe ahụ na nke a, a na-enyekarị nkwụsị insulin-zinc A.

Site na oke shuga dị na mmamịrị, ọ bụghị naanị n'ehihie, kamakwa na mgbede, dọkịta dọkịta debara onye ọrịa ịmịnye insulin-zinc. Mgbe enwere mmụba shuga na mmamịrị n'abalị na n'ụtụtụ tupu nri ụtụtụ, mgbe ahụ, a na-enye ọgwụ ọgwụ insulin-zinc-nkwusioru K. N'okwu abụọ nke ikpeazụ, nchịkwa protamine-zinc-insulin nwekwara ike ịbụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị.

Ọrịa shuga, N.R. Pyasetskiy

Ntụziaka pụrụ iche

N'ime usoro ọgwụgwọ na Caninsulin, pusi kwesịrị ịdị na-eri nri siri ike. Ekwesighi ịkọ ọgwụ a ma ọ bụrụ na anụmanụ dị oke ibu. Enweghị ike iji insulin n'otu oge na ọgwụ mgbochi tetracycline, corticosteroids, sulfonamides na progestogens.

Ọ bụrụ na usoro na ụdị nri ga-esi agbanwe, mgbe ahụ usoro onunu ogwu nke Caninsulin gbanwere ya. A na-edozi ọgwụ ahụ mgbe ọrịa akụrụ na ọrịa imeju na-eme, mgbe a wachara ya ahụ, n'oge ime yana ọrịa na-efe efe.

Nyocha banyere ọgwụ

Catherine. Nwamba anyị akarịala afọ iri, n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a chọpụtara na ọ na-arịa ọrịa shuga. Dọkịta dụrụ ọgwụ ininsulin, ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị. Enweghị m ike ịsị na mmetụta a na-ahụkarị nke ọma, mana pusi na-enwe ọhụụ karịa, ọkwa glucose ji nwayọ belata.

Anna Ọgwụ dị m ụtọ. Anyị ejirila caninsulin mee ihe ogologo oge, n'ihi na pusi ahụ na-arịa ọrịa shuga na-akpata insulin ihe dị ka afọ 5. Ahụghị m nsonaazụ ọ bụla, mana usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ amụbabeghị. Ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ịgbaso ezigbo nri iji meziwanye ọnọdụ nke anụmanụ.

Olga Na Internetntanetị, a na-enwe nyocha ndị na-emegiderịta ọgwụ. N'ebe a, ọtụtụ nwere ike ịdabere na mmeghachi omume nke anụ ahụ na akụkụ mejupụtara Caninsulin. Oke nwamba anyị na-anabata ya nke ọma, ọ bụ naanị ozugbo ịgba ya ka enwere mmụba dị mkpirikpi.

Mkpirisi insulin dị mkpụmkpụ ma dị ogologo - jikọtara ọnụ

Na usoro ọgwụgwọ ọhụụ maka mellitus ọrịa shuga, insulin na-arụ ọrụ ogologo oge na insulin na-adị mkpụmkpụ. Ọ ga-akacha mma karịa ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa na-eji ọgwụgwọ dị mgbagwoju anya agwakọta insulin na-adị mkpụmkpụ ma gbatịa agbasa n'ime sirinji, si otú a na-eme naanị otu okpukpu okpukpu kama abụọ.

Kekọrịta

Inye insulin na insulin na –eme ihe ogologo oge adighi adighi nma mgbe obula. T.N. ndakọrịta kemịkalụ insulin nke ukwuu ga-enyere gị aka ijikọ insulin na-adị obere oge.

• Mgbe ị na-agwakọta, ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche na insulin dị mkpirikpi na-arụ ọrụ karị, ọ bụrụ na agwakọta nke ọma, ọ nwere ike ifu. Achọpụtala ya nke ọma na enwere ike ịgwakọta insulin n'otu mkpịsị ugodi nke protamine-insulin. Nsonaazụ insulin dị mkpụmkpụ anaghị adalata, n'ihi ya insulin na-amị mkpụrụ adịghị ejikọ protamine.
• Ọ baghị uru ma ụlọ ọrụ ndị mepụtara ọgwụ ndị a. Ya mere, ọ dị mfe ịgwakọta actrapid na humulin H ma ọ bụ actrapid na protafan. A na-echekwa ngwakọta insulin ndị a.
• Agbanyeghị, nkwusi insulin-zinc zinc agaghị agwakọta ya na insulin mkpụmkpụ, dịka na -akụkọta yana ion zinc ngafe, insulin na-agbanwe obere ka ọ bụrụ insulin arụ ọrụ ogologo oge.

Ọ bụghị ihe ọhụrụ ka ndị ọrịa bu ụzọ bute insulin mkpụmkpụ, mgbe ahụ, na-ewepụghị agịga n'okpuru anụ ahụ, ha na-agba insulin zinc. Achọpụtaghị ya na sayensị, Otú ọ dị, enwere ike iche na site na ntinye dị otú a, ngwakọta nke insulin dị mkpụmkpụ na ụdị insulin zinc n'okpuru anụ ahụ, nke a na-agbanwe agbanwe na-eduga na mwepu akụkụ mbụ ahụ.

Iji zere nsonaazụ na-adịghị mma, a na-atụ aro ike iche nke insulin na zinc insulin (n'ụdị injections dị iche iche na mpaghara anụ ahụ, anya dị n'etiti isi iyi dịkarịa ala 1 cm).

Ihe ngosi maka ojiji nke nkwusioru protamine-zinc-insulin

A na - eji insulin nke zinc eme ka ihe na - acha ọbara ọbara mee ihe maka mellitus ọrịa shuga nke na - agbanwe agbanwe.

Ndị na-emepụta insulin na-arịa ọrịa shuga na-emepụta ọgwụ insulin. Drugsdị ọgwụ ndị a bụ ngwakọta nke insulin na obere proulinine na mkpokọta a kapịrị ọnụ (mixtard, actrafan, insuman comb, wdg).

Ihe kachasị mma n'ihe banyere ịdị irè bụ ngwakọta nwere insulin 30% insulin insulin na 70% insulin insulin ma ọ bụ insulin insulin 75%. Egosiputara nha nke ihe di n’ime ntuziaka maka ojiji.

Ọgwụ ndị dị otú a kwesịrị ekwesị maka ndị ọrịa na-agbaso nri mgbe niile, na-eduga ndụ ndụ, wdg. (ọkachasị ndị agadi hụrụ n'anya na-arịa ụdị shuga II).

Agbanyeghị, ịkwado insulin na-eme ka ọ dịrị mmadụ abụọ mma. Site na ọgwụgwọ a, ọ dị mkpa ma nwee ike gbanwee oge iji gbanwee usoro ọgwụ insulin dị mkpụmkpụ, dabere na ọdịnaya nke carbohydrates na nri, mmega ahụ, wdg. Usoro ọgwụgwọ insulin na-adị ogologo oge (basal) dịgasị obere.

Usoro onunu ogwu na nhazi

S / c miri (n'ọbụ aka, n'apata ụkwụ, elu, olu afọ), tupu iji ya, maapụ karama ahụ ruo mgbe enwetara nkwusioru nke otu, chikọta ozugbo ma tinye ọgwụ kwesịrị ekwesị, etinyekwala aka na ebe ịgba ahụ.

A na-edobere dose ahụ kpamkpam n'otu n'otu (dabere na ịba ụba glucose na ọbara na oke ahụ). N'ụbọchị nke ihe kariri 0.6 U / n'arọ, ọ dị mkpa ka a na-achịkwa ụdị ịgba abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa na akụkụ dị iche iche nke ahụ.

Mgbe ị na-agbanwe site na inje nke porcine dị ọcha ma ọ bụ insulin nke mmadụ, ọnụọgụ ahụ anaghị agbanwe agbanwe, mgbe ị na-eji dochie bovine ma ọ bụ insulin jikọtara ọnụ (ọ dị mkpa ka a na-elele glucose ọbara), a na-agbakarị ihe dị ka 10% (ma e wezụga mgbe ọ na-agafeghị 0.6. U / n'arọ). Ndị ọrịa na-anata 100 IU ma ọ bụ karịa kwa ụbọchị, mgbe ha na-edochi insulin, ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya ịga ụlọ ọgwụ.

Nchedo nchekwa

Imeghari onyonyo dị mkpa mgbe ị na-agbanwe ọdịdị na nri, ịba ụba nke arụ, ọrịa na-efe efe, ahụ ọkụ, afọ ọsịsa, gastroparesis na ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ na-egbu oge ịmịcha nri, ihe ịwa ahụ, nsị nke gland thyroid, ọrịa adrenal (ọrịa Addison), pituitary gland (hypopituitism), ọdịda akụrụngwa, ọrịa ọrịa imeju, ịtụrụ ime, inye ụmụ ara, na ụmụaka prepubertal na ndị ọrịa karịrị afọ iri isii na ise (ịba ụba nke hypoglycemia).

Belata mbelata maka ihe omume ị ofụ sịga ga-abawanye, ya na ụdị ọrịa shuga nke 1, mee ka etiti dị n’etiti nchịkwa belata belata ya na ndabere nke ndị na-ebute hypoglycemia (na - abawanye - na nhọpụta nke ọgwụ ịba ụba).

Imeghari ure puru omume na izu mbu 1-2 ka ị jiri ụdị insulin dochie ọzọ. Akpachara anya na oge izizi, mgbanwe insulin, nrụgide anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ nke uche na ndị mmadụ metụtara ịkwọ ụgbọ ala, na-achịkwa usoro dị iche iche na ihe omume ndị ọzọ dị ize ndụ nke chọrọ nlebara anya na ọsọ nke mmeghachi omume psychomotor.

N'oge ọgwụgwọ, ọnwa atọ ọ bụla (ma ọ bụ karịa na ọnọdụ adịghị akwụghachi ọtọ), a na-ekpebi mkpụkọ glucose dị n'ọbara na, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị elu karịa 11.1 mmol / l, ọkwa ketones (acetone, keto acid) na mmamịrị ahụ na-atụle. Site na hypoglycemia na ketoacidosis, a na-edekọ pH na ntinye uche nke ion potassium dị n'ọbara ọbara,