Lipidogram - ule ọbara maka cholesterol

Nnwale cholesterol zuru ezu akpọkwara ogwe akwara ma ọ bụ profaịlụ nke egbugbere ọnụ, nyocha ọbara iji chọpụta mmekpa ahụ na lipids dịka cholesterol (mkpokọta, HDL na LDL) na triglycerides.

Cholesterol bụ abụba dị nro nke na-eme ọtụtụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ahụ. Ka osi di, cholesterol buru ibu nwere ike ibute:

1. ọrịa obi
2. ọria aru
3. arteriosclerosis, nwere oghere ma ọ bụ akwara ike

Shouldmụ nwoke kwesịrị ilele ọkwa cholesterol ha oge niile, bido mgbe ọ dị afọ 35 ma ọ bụ karịa. Maka ụmụ nwanyị, ọ dị mkpa ịmalite ịtụle cholesterol mgbe ọ dị afọ 45 ma ọ bụ tupu. Iji chebe onwe gị, ịnwere ike ịnwale cholesterol afọ ise niile, malite na afọ iri abụọ.

Ọ bụrụ n’ịchọpụta ọrịa shuga, ọnya afọ, ọbara mgbali elu, ọrịa obi ọ bụla, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ị na-a medicationsụ ọgwụ iji cholesterol gị, ị kwesịrị ị na-elele cholesterol gị kwa afọ.

Cholesterol ọbara

N'ime ule ọbara biochemical, a na-egosipụta ọkwa cholesterol na paramita ndị a: cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol (obere npoproteins ma ọ bụ LDL), HDL kọlesterol (oke njupụta lipoproteins ma ọ bụ HDL) na K_mana.

Ngwakọ ihe atherogenic (K_mana) - Ihe atumatu gosiputara ihe omuma nke ibute oria atherosclerosis.

Usoro maka ịgbakọ ọnụọgụ atherogenic (K_mana)

ebe H bụ cholesterol zuru oke, HDL bụ cholesterol (npoprotein dị elu)

Atherogenicity ọnụọgụ egosi:

• ruo 3 - na ụkpụrụ
• ruo 4 - ihe ngosi na-abawanye ụba, iji belata nri akwadoro ma mee ka ọrụ ahụ dịkwuo elu
• nke dị elu karịa 4 - ihe egwu dị elu nke etolite atherosclerosis, a chọrọ ọgwụgwọ

Ole cholesterol

Nchikota cholesterol bu ego cholesterol n’ime ọbara. Ọkwa dị elu na-enyere aka ịbawanye n'ihe egwu nke ọrịa obi. Dị mma, ngụkọta cholesterol kwesịrị ịdị n'okpuru 200 milligrams kwa deciliter (mg / dl) ma ọ bụ 5.2 millimoles kwa lita (mmol / l).

Nkịtị cholesterol zuru ezu site na 3.6 mmol / l ruo 7.8 mmol / l

Triglycerides

HDL n'ime ụmụ nwoke erughị 1.16 mmol / L, na ụmụ nwanyị erughị 0.9 mmol / L bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke atherosclerosis ma ọ bụ ọrịa obi nke ischemic. Site na mbelata na HDL na oke oke ala (n'ime ụmụ nwanyị 0.9-1.40 mmol / L, na ụmụ nwoke 1.16-1.68 mmol / L), anyị nwere ike ikwu maka mmepe nke atherosclerosis na ọrịa obi. Mmụba na HDL na-egosi na ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ịrịa ọrịa obi na-eme obere obere.

Banyere mgbagwoju anya nke atherosclerosis - ọrịa strok, gụọ akụkọ ahụ: Ọrịa

Gaa na ngalaba izugbe nyocha

LDL ("ọjọọ") cholesterol

LDL cholesterol - Lipoproteins dị obere (LDL). Mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ cholesterol "ọjọọ". Ọbara dị ukwuu na-akpata ọbara na --eme ka akụ na - aba ụba (paịlị) na akwara (atherosclerosis), nke na - ebute mbelata ọbara ọbara.

Cholesterol LDL ekwesịghị gafere 130 mg / dL (3.4 mmol / L). Ọkwa dị n'okpuru 100 mg / dl (2.6 mmol / L) dị mma, ọkachasị ọrịa shuga, obi ma ọ bụ ọrịa vaskụla.

LDL cholesterol. Iwu maka ụmụ nwoke bụ 2.02-4.79 mmol / l, maka ụmụ nwanyị 1.92-4.51 mmol / l.

Ebe a tụrụ aro

Usoro a tụrụ aro maka LDL cholesterol (LDL) sitere na American Heart Association, NIH na NCEP (2003) (rịba ama na itinye uche bụ naanị ndumodu).

LDL dị elu na HDL dị ala bụ ihe ọzọ dị ize ndụ maka ọrịa obi.

Tozọ iji mezie ọkwa LDL

Zọ kachasị dị irè bụ iwelata abụba nke abụba dị n'ime akpa nwa (abụba visceral), na mgbakwunye na iwelata abụba niile. A na-atụ aro ka ị jụ nri eghe, sịga na mmanya. Nri ahụ kwesịrị ịgụnye nri nwere polyunsaturated faty acids (Omega-3), ahịhịa, akwụkwọ nri, tomato, mkpụrụ osisi na mkpị. A na-atụkwa ime mmega ahụ anya; a ga-ezere nrụgide na ijikwa ahụ ike dị mma.

Dị ka ndị ọkachamara si kwuo, n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla, a ga-amalite ọgwụgwọ nke nsogbu akwara ozi ala site na iwepụ ihe ndị dị ize ndụ na ịhọpụta nri cholesterol na-ebelata. N'otu oge, enwere ike ịtụle ụdị nri dịka ọgwụgwọ monotherapy naanị ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa dị njikere ileba ya n’oge ndụ ya niile.

N ’ọgwụ, a na-eji klas ise nke ọgwụ mee ihe iji mezie nkwarụ metabolism:

• Ndị na-egbochi methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (“statins”): lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, fluvastatin, cerivastatin, rosuvastatin, pitavastatin.
• Fibrates: fenofibrate, simfibrate, ronifibrate, ciprofibrate, etofibrate, clofibrate, bezafibrate, aluminom clofibrate, gemfibrozil, clofibrid.
• Nri osisi nke nicotinic acid na niacin: niacin (nicotinic acid), niceritrol, mmanya nicotinyl (pyr>

Ebe ọ bụ na ụmụ irighiri ihe nke LDL adịghị emerụ ahụ ruo mgbe ha nọ n’ime mgbidi nke arịa ọbara na oxidized site na radicals n'efu, a na-atụ aro na ojiji nke antioxidants na ibelata mmetụta nke radicals n'efu nwere ike belata ntinye nke LDL na atherosclerosis, n'agbanyeghị na nsonaazụ ya abụghị nke ikpeazụ.

HDL (ezigbo ") cholesterol

Cholesterol HDL - High Density Lipoproteins (HDL). Mgbe ụfọdụ a na - akpọ cholesterol dị mma. Dị ka o kwesịrị, HDL cholesterol kwesịrị ịdị karịa 40 mg / dl (1.0 mmol / l) maka nwoke ma karịa 50 mg / dl (1.3 mg / dl) maka nwanyị.

Cholesterol HDL. Iwu maka ụmụ nwoke bụ 0.72-1.63 mmol / l, maka ụmụ nwanyị 0.86-2.28 mmol / l.

Tozọ iji bulie HDL

Changesfọdụ mgbanwe na nri na mmega ahụ nwere ike ịnwe ezi mmetụta na ịba ụba nke ọkwa HDL:

• Ibelata ahihia
• Mgbatị ahụ
• Ibu ibu
• Magnesium Supplementments Kwalite HDL-C
• Dinggbakwunye akụrụngwa nsogbu dị na nri
• Oriri nke Omega-3 ọdụdụ asịd dị ka mmanụ azụ ma ọ bụ mmanụ flaxseed
• Iri nri Pistachio
• Asedba ụba nke abụba na-enweghị afọ ojuju nke CIS
• Ọkpụkpụ etiti na-akpalite triglycerides dịka caproic acid, capril acid, capric acid na acid lauric
• Wepu trans fat acids na nri

Tozọ iji mezie triglycerides

Ibelata ibu na nri bụ ụzọ kachasị dị irè maka hypertriglyceridemia.

Maka ndị nwere oke triglycerides ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị agafe agafe, a na-atụ aro ibu, mmega ahụ, na nri. Nri kwesiri ikwusi oke carbohydrates (karia fructose) na abuba, tinye Omega-3 fatty acids sitere na algae, nkpuru na nkpuru n’ime nri. A na-atụ aro ịgwọ ọrịa maka ndị nwere nnukwu triglycerides nke na - emezighị site na mgbanwe ndụ ndị a kpọtụrụ aha na mbụ.

Cholesterol na nri

P.S. Ekwesịrị iji ozi dị n'elu maka ozi naanị. Ekwesịrị ime ihe ọ bụla iji dozie ọkwa cholesterol naanị mgbe ịgachara dọkịta.

1. Nnukwu njupụta lipoproteins
   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0 % B8% D0% BD% D1% 8B_% D0% B2% D1% 8B% D1% 81% D0% BE% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9_% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0% BE % D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8
2. Lipoproteins dị nta https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0% B5% D0% B8% D0% BD% D1% 8B_% D0% BD% D0% B8% D0% B7% D0% BA% D0% BE% D0% B9_% D0% BF% D0% BB% D0% BE% D1% 82% D0% BD% D0% BE% D1% 81% D1% 82% D0% B8
3. Nnyocha ọbara biochemical https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0% B5% D1% 81% D0% BA% D0% B8% D0% B9_% D0% B0% D0% BD% D0% B0% D0% BB% D0% B8% D0% B7_% D0% BA% D1% 80% D0% BE% D0% B2% D0% B8

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Gini bu LDL na nnyocha ọbara biochemical?

A na-akpọ lipoproteins dị ala dị obere nke cholesterol "ọjọọ", nke nwere oke atherogenicity ma na-ebute mmepe nke ọnya atherosclerotic nke vaskụla vaskụla. N'oge mmalite nke imilance lipid, mgbe lipoproteins dị ala na-amalite ịkpa ike na akwara vaskụla, a na - ejide "HDL" ma bufee ya na imeju, ebe a na - agbanwe ya ịbụ acid bile.

Yabụ, anụ ahụ na-ejigide ntụpọ dị ọcha. Agbanyeghị, na mmụba ogologo oge na LDL yana mbelata na HDL, lipoproteins dị ala abụghị naanị na-agbakọta na mgbidi arịa, kamakwa na-akpalite mmepe nke mmeghachi omume mkpali, na-esochi mbibi nke eriri elastin, na-esochi nnọchi ya na anụ ahụ siri ike na-ejikọta akwara.

Kedu ihe bụ ntakịrị lipoproteins dị ala

Cholesterol bụ onye otu ndị otu steroid. Ọbara nwere ya dị ka akụkụ nke protein na-arụ ọrụ ụgbọ njem. A na-akpọ njikọ a lipoproteins ma ọ bụ lipoproteins. Obere ihe nke ihe a ka di n’efu. A na-ahụta cholesterol dị ka ihe a na - ahụkarị - ọ naghị arụ ọrụ oke mkpa na mmepe nke ischemia cardiac na ọrịa ndị ọzọ metụtara usoro obi. N'ime uzo cholesterol kachasi nma, enwere:

1. HDL cholesterol, i.e. njupụta lipoproteins dị elu. A na-ele ụdị a "bara uru."
2. LDL cholesterol, i.e. lipoproteins dị obere. Formdị a "na-emerụ ahụ."

Ihe dị ka 70% nke nchịkọta cholesterol nke nwere plasma ọbara bụ nke LDL. Ihe e ji mara ya bụ na ọ na-enwe ike ịdọrọ na mgbidi nke arịa ọbara ogologo oge karịa HDL. Maka nke a, mmụba nke ọdịnaya cholesterol dị otú a na-eduga n'ịba ụba n'ụdị ọkwa nke atherosclerotic na ọrịa dị iche iche metụtara sistem.

Nnwale ọbara maka cholesterol na lipid spectrum

Ọ bụrụ na ntụzi sitere na dọkịnta gụnyere okwu dị ka lipidogram, mgbe ahụ ka enyere gị ọgwụ:

• ule ọbara maka cholesterol zuru ezu,
• omumu ihe banyere mmanu di mmanu
• nyocha nke nnukwute ịdị ọcha lipoproteins,
• nyocha maka triglycerides.

Dabere na transcript nke ọmụmụ a, dọkịta nwere ihe ngosi dị mkpa ga-enyere ya aka nyochaa ọnọdụ onye ọrịa, yana ikpebi ụdị usoro ahụ ma ọ bụ ihe ize ndụ nke imeju, akụrụ, ọrịa obi, ma ọ bụ ọrịa akpaaka. Nnwale ọbara naanị maka cholesterol anaghị ebu ọtụtụ ozi dị ka profaịlụ nwere mmetụta, yabụ, a na-eji ya naanị mgbe ọ na-ekpebi ịdị irè nke ọgwụgwọ.

Etu ị gafere ule maka cholesterol

Maka ntụkwasị obi nke nsonaazụ ahụ, nyocha ahụ chọrọ nkwadebe kwesịrị ekwesị, nke gosipụtara ụmụaka na ndị okenye. Oge akwadoro maka ịnara ọbara site na akwara bụ ụtụtụ. A na-enye nyocha ahụ n'onwe ya na afọ na-enweghị isi, na n'abalị, ọ ka mma ịhapụ ịmega ahụ na nri ndị nwere abụba. Nwere ike ime ya na ụlọ nyocha biochemical, nke ọha ma ọ bụ nkeonwe. Na nke ikpeazụ, ọnụahịa nyocha ahụ bụ ihe dịka 200 r. Ya mere, ọ ka mma ịhọrọ ọmụmụ nke ngwa ngwa niile, nke ọnụ ahịa ya ruru 500 r. Ndị dọkịta na-atụ aro oge 1 n'ime afọ 5 iji tinye nyocha maka nyocha a, ma mgbe afọ 40 gasịrị ọ ka mma ịme ya kwa afọ.

Normlesterol dị n'ọbara

Lipidogram ahụ na-egosipụta ọtụtụ ihe ngosi:

• ngụkọta nke cholesterol - OXS,
• HDL cholesterol - HDL kọlesterol,
• ego nke LDL kọlesterol - LDL kọlesterol,
• ọkwa triglyceride - TG,
• Atherogenic index - CA ma ọ bụ IA.

Cholesterol LDL na ihe ngosi ndi ozo n’ime umu nwanyi ga-agbanwe. Onu nchikota kwesiri ịdị n’ohere nke 2.9-7.85 mmol / L. Ọ dabere na afọ. Normkpụrụ nke LDL n’ime ụmụ nwanyị mgbe afọ 50 gasịrị bụ 2.28-5.72 mmol / L, na mgbe ọ dị obere - 1.76-4.82 mmol / L. Otu ihe gosipụtara, naanị maka HDL cholesterol bụ 0.96-2.38 mmol / L na 0.93-2.25 mmol / L.

Ogo nke LDL cholesterol n’arụ nwoke bụ nke anabatara ma ọ bụrụ na uru ya agafere oke nke 2.02 ruo 4.79 mmol / L. Ọkwa HDL dịtụ iche wee bụrụ 0.98-1.91 mmol / l, nke bụ ụdị maka ụmụ nwoke gbara afọ iri ise. Na afọ tozuru oke karịa, ọnụahịa a dị na 0.72 ruo 1.94 mmol / L. Ihe ngosiputa nke cholesterol zuru oke kwesiri ịdị n’etiti site na 3.6 ruo 6.5 mmol / L.

Maka nwatakiri gbara afọ 5-10 ruo afọ, a na-elele iwu LDL cholesterol dị ka uru site na 1.63 ruo 3.63 mmol / L. Nwatakịrị nke gbara afọ 10-15, ọnụahịa a anaghị agbanwe agbanwe ma malite na 1.66 ruo 3.52 n'otu nkeji. N'ime afọ 15-18, ego nke LDL cholesterol kwesịrị ịdị na oke site na 1.61 ruo 3.55 mmol / L. Devifọdụ ntụgharị omume ga - ekwe omume dabere n'ụdị nwatakịrị: n'ime ụmụ nwanyị, ọkwa dị ntakịrị karịa nke ụmụ nwoke.

Atherogenic ọnụọgụ

N’inwe nsonaazụ nke profaịlụ lipid, ị nwere ike gbakọọ ọnụọgụ ma ọ bụ ndepụta nke atherogenicity, nke na-egosipụta oke nke cholesterol “ọjọọ” na “nke dị mma” n’ime ọbara. E nwere usoro abụọ maka ịgbakọ ihe ngosi a:

• KA = (OXC - HDL cholesterol) / LDL,
• KA = LDL cholesterol / HDL cholesterol.

Dabere na usoro ahụ, o doro anya na iji chọpụta ọnụọgụ atherogenic, ọ dị mkpa iji kewaa ihe dị iche cholesterol na HDL n'ime cholesterol LDL, ma ọ bụ chọta kọlọtọ ozugbo na "ajọ" na "ezigbo" cholesterol. A na-eme mkpebi dị mma nke enwetara dabere na njirisi ndị a:

1. Ọ bụrụ na CA erughị afọ 3, mgbe ahụ mmepe nke atherosclerosis nwere obere ihe egwu.
2. Ọ bụrụ na SC nọ na nha site na 3 ruo 4, yabụ enwere ike ọ dị ịmalite ọrịa atherosclerosis ma ọ bụ ischemia cardiac dị elu.
3. Ọ bụrụ na CA karịrị 5, mgbe ahụ ihe ize ndụ nke atherosclerosis bụ nke kachasị elu. Na mgbakwunye, ọrịa vaskụla, ọrịa nke ụbụrụ, obi, akụrụ ma ọ bụ aka nwere ike ịmalite.

Ihe ị ga - eme ma ọ bụrụ na ebuli LDL cholesterol dị elu ma ọ bụ belata

Ọ bụrụ na cholesterol dị elu karịa nke nkịtị, yabụ ihe kpatara nke a nwere ike ịbụ:

• ọrịa imeju
• ọrịa endocrine dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọrịa shuga mellitus,
• nsogbu metabolic
• ise siga na ị smokingụbiga mmanya ókè,
• oke ibu
• nri adịghị edozi
• ịnọ nkịtị
• ọbara mgbali elu.

You nwere ike dozie ọnọdụ ahụ ma weghachite cholesterol na nkịtị site na enyemaka nke nri pụrụ iche, mmega ahụ na ọgwụ. Nke ikpeazụ na-amalite ịmalite ugbu a n'ọnọdụ ndị siri ike karị. Dị ka ibu egwuregwu nwere ike ịbụ obere jog ma ọ bụ ije ije. Banyere ihe ụtọ maka ụtọ, ị ga-ahapụ ya:

• chiiz siri ike
• Mayonezi na akwa ndi ozo,
• sausaị,
• achicha na ngwa ahia
• ude, mmanya gbara ụka,
• ọkara nke ngwaahịa
• mmanu akwukwo nri
• anụ nke akara abụba.

Kama, ịkwesịrị ị consumeụ mmiri mkpụrụ osisi, mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, azụ azụ, ọkachasị salmọn na sardines. A na-eme nri kachasị mma site na ịkpụ achịcha ma ọ bụ iji esi mmiri.Ihe ọ drinksụ drinksụ, tii na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ nwere ike belata cholesterol. Mmanya ga - anagide ọrụ a, naanị na - acha ọbara ọbara na usoro dị mma. Mbelata LDL bụ nsonaazụ nke obere kalori, yabụ, na mgbakwunye na nri, anaghị achọ ọgwụgwọ pụrụ iche.

N'ime ọgwụ ndị megidere cholesterol dị elu, a na-ejikarị statins, dịka ọmụmaatụ, Lovastatin, Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin ma ọ bụ Rosuvastatin. Ihe a nwere ike belata mmeputa enzymes. Plantsfọdụ osisi nwekwara statin. Ndị a gụnyere St John's wort, hawthorn, fenugreek, lemongrass, Rhodiola rosea. Nwere ike iji ha na ịchọ mma ma ọ bụ tinctures.

Kedu ka cholesterol si abanye n'ahụ?

N’agbanyeghi na mkpụrụ ndụ niile dị n’arụ anyị nwere ike imepụta kọlestrọl, ahụ anyị na-ahọrọ ịnata nri a na nri. O kwesiri iburu n’obi na aru mmadu adighi ike imebi ihe cholesterol. Apụrụpụ ha n'ahụ mmadụ yana bile, n'ihi ọrụ nke imeju. Nke a bụ naanị ụzọ isi mee ka ahụ ọcha dị ọcha. A na-a acidsụ asịd dị na bile na-enwe ike ịkụda abụba na-abanye n'ime ahụ yana nri iji nweta uru ka mma.

O di nwute n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, cholesterol na - aghọ isi mmalite nke nsogbu ahụike dị iche iche. Nke a na - abụkarị mgbe ọkwa cholesterol (LDL larịị) dị elu karịa. Dika cholesterol na aru ya na aru, aru ya bara n’oru na arutu n’ahia. Ka oge na-aga, ha ga-abụ abụba nwere ike igbochi ọbara ọgbụgba ma ọ bụ ọbụna mechie arịa niile. Ọ bụrụ na nke a mere ya na akwara ndị na-enye ọbara ọbara n’obi, onye ọrịa ahụ na-etolite infarction myocardial. Dị ka ị maara, ọrịa a nwere ike ibute ọnwụ.

Site na nke a anyị nwere ike ikwubi na ụmụ irighiri abụba nwere ike iweta ma uru ma emerụ ahụ mmadụ.

Cholesterol di nma ma jukwa ya

Dịka e kwuru n’elu, ụmụ irighiri mmiri cholesterol bụ otu ụdị. Ha nọ ugbu a naanị na ngwaahịa sitere na anụ anụmanụ: anụ nwa ehi, anụ ezi, ọkụkọ, azụ, azụ, anụ mmiri, wdg. Icheta cholesterol dabere na isi nri nri.

Kedụ ka anyị si amata ọdịiche dị n’etiti cholesterol dị mma? Nkewa nke a choputara ebe onodu cholesterol na njupụta ha. Yabụ na kọlestrọl bụ abụba, abụba chọrọ protein na lipids iji gagharịa arịa ya na ọbara. N'ime obere mpaghara ndị a na-akpọ lipoproteins, cholesterol, protein, na triglycerides zoro ezo. Ọ bụ otu a ka ha si agafe na ụgbọ mmiri anyị.

Enwere ike ekee Lipoproteins, na-eburu ego nke ihe ndị dị n’elu ahụ ụzọ atọ:

1. Lipoproteins dị obere (VLDL, Lipoproteins dịkarịsịrị nta) nwere ọtụtụ abụba na triglycerides.

2. Lipoproteins dị ntakịrị (LDL, Lipoproteins dị ala) dị iche na ọdịnaya abụba ha, nke bụ maka ibugharị 75% nke cholesterol n'ime ahụ mmadụ.

3. N'ikpeazụ, ịdị laproproins dị ukwuu (HDL, High Density Lipoproteins), protein dị elu na cholesterol dị elu.

Cholesterol ojoo (LDL)

Ọ bụ ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị a na-ahụ maka ibute oke cholesterol. Ha na-ewere ya na imeju na-ebuga ya na sel nke anụ ahụ nke mmadụ site na ọbara. Ozugbo ọkwa LDL dị elu, cholesterol malitere ịdabere na mgbidi akwara ndị ahụ, na-ebute nsogbu ahụ ike dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, nke a na - abawanye ohere ị nwere ịmalite nkụchi obi. Ọ bụ ya mere eji akpọ ụdị lipoprotein a "ihe ọjọọ."

Ezi cholesterol (HDL)

HDL lipoproteins dị elu na-ahụ maka ebubata cholesterol na imeju na ebumnuche iwepu ihe a na ahụ mmadụ. N’aka ozo, ụdị lipoprotein a n’eme ka aru anyi ghara idi nma cholesterol. Nke a metụtakwara akwara ozi anyị. Ego dị ukwuu nke lipoproteins a dị mma maka ahụike anyị ma chebe anyị pụọ n'ọrịa. Maka nke a, a na-akpọ ụdị lipoproteins cholesterol dị mma "dị mma."

Ihe mgbaàmà nke cholesterol dị elu

Ọ bụ ezie na anụ ahụ na-adọrọ uche anyị gaa na ọrịa ndị na-emepe emepe site na enyemaka nke akara dị iche iche, nke a anaghị eme ma ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ cholesterol dị n'ọbara ebili. Abụba na-abawanye na ahụ onye ọrịa, na-ezigaghị akara ọ bụla. Yabụ, ụfọdụ mmadụ erutela ọkwa cholesterol dị n'ahụ n’enweghị ihe mgbaàmà ọ bụla.

N'aka nke ozo, mgbe nsogbu a gafere oke, onye ọrịa nwere ike ibute ya site na ọrịa akwara, infarction myocardial, ọrịa ụbụrụ nke akụkụ ụbụrụ, ọrịa angina pectoris, nsogbu ngagharị na ọbụnadị nhịahụ ikwu okwu.

2. Nsonye abụba na-enweghị afọ ojuju na nri

A na-enweta abụba ndị a dị mma na nri dịka mmanụ oliv, mkpụrụ, mmanụ sitere na mkpụrụ dị iche iche, azụ (azụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, sardines, salmon). Dịka ị siri hụ, enwere ike ịchọta abụba ndị a abụghị naanị azụ, kamakwa na nri nke ihe ọkụkụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, walnuts na mkpụrụ.

3. Nri oriri

Ngwa nri (mkpụrụ osisi, akwụkwọ nri, mkpo) nwere abụba na-emerụ ahụ. Ọ na - eme na ha nwere abụba na - enweghị afọ ojuju. Nke a pụtara na ngwaahịa ndị dị na ya enweghị kọlestrọl. Ọ dịkwa mkpa iburu n’uche na nri ndị a na-akụ n’ihe ọkụkụ nwere sterol nke na-enyere aka belata ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ irighiri ihe na-akpata n’ọbara.

Achọpụtara ya na oriri na-edozi na nnukwu ihe oriri nke osisi nwere mmetụta bara uru na ahụike mmadụ n'ozuzu ya.

7. Wepu abụba juru eju n’ime nri gị.

Àkwá, ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi, bọta, anụ na sausages sokwa na nri dị mma. Agbanyeghị, ekwela ka ngwaahịa ndị a bufu gị. Ọ dị mkpa ijide n'aka na ha enweghị abụba trans. Nke ikpeazụ a nwere ike ịbawanye ụba nke abụba na ọbara. Ọ dị mkpa ịhapụ iri nri kalori, yana nri dị nnu na shuga dị elu.

A ga-atụfu ngwaahịa ndị nwere nnukwu abụba, kọlestrọl na nnu kpamkpam. Ndị a gụnyere ihe eji eme achịcha, eghe eghe, achicha, brọkọlị na soda.

Yabụ, anyị nwere ike ikwubi: cholesterol na arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ndụ mmadụ. Ọ dị ezigbo mkpa inwe ike ịnwe abụba nke abụba a. Anyị na-atụ anya na ozi a emeela ka ị kwenye banyere ịdị mkpa nke ibi ndụ dị mma. bipụtara na econet.ru.

You nwere mmasị na edemede ahụ? Hazie kwado anyị pịa:

Lipoproteins dị obere

A na-akpọ lipproheins dị obere (aha ya dịkwa mkpụmkpụ LDL, obere lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, ldl) a na-akpọ klas nke lipoproteins ọbara. Gụnyere na mmol / L. Mgbe ụfọdụ a na - akpọ cholesterol "ọjọọ" n'ihi eziokwu na ọ bụ ihe kachasị atherogenic, n'adịghị ka lipoproteins dị elu, nke a ga-atụle n'ikpeazụ. A na-eme ya site na hydrolysis nke obere lipoproteins dị ala na-eji lipoprotein lipase na hepatic lipase. Atherogenicity bụ ihe na-egosi ọghọm dị n’inwe atherosclerosis.

Ọ bụ ihe e ji mara na ọdịnaya ala nke triacylglycerides na-ebelata, ogo nke lipoproteins dị ala na-abawanye. T.O. LDL bụ ọkwa ikpeazụ na metabolism nke lipids na-agwakọta n'ime imeju. Ọrụ ha bụ ịnyefe cholesterol, triacylglycerides, tocopherols, carotenoids, wdg.

Banyere ihe owuwu ahụ, urukpu ahụ gụnyere apolipoprotein, nke na-eme ka ọdịmma nke Lipoprotein dị ntakịrị belata.

LDL na ọrịa

Dịka e kwuru n’elu, ọrụ nke LDL bụ ịnapụta kọlesterol n’arụ. Ihe dị elu nke LDL na-eduga na atherosclerosis. Ntinye ego na-egosi n’elu mgbidi akwara dị ukwuu na nke na-ajụ ase, na ọrụ vaskụla endothelial na-emebi emebi. Enwere mmekọrịta n'etiti ọkwa LDL yana ohere nke ọrịa na-etolite etolite metụtara mebiri sistem vaskụla, mkpo mkpo, na nsị nke mgbidi mgbidi votkụla endothelium. Nke a na - ebute nsogbu metụtara akwara hemodynamic mpaghara na sistemụ, na - eduga na infarction myocardial, ọrịa strok. Ọ bụ ihe e ji mara na obere lipoproteins dị obere karịa karịa atherogenic.

Banyere ụdị e ketara eketa, a na-amata hypercholesterolemia.

Ọ bụrụ na ị gbasoo ụkpụrụ a tụrụ aro ya, ha na-egosi ọghọm dị na ịmalite ọrịa atherosclerosis na ọrịa obi ischemic.

Kedu ihe ọghọm nke LDL dị elu?

Ọkpụkpụ nke atherosclerosis na-esonyere na mbelata nke oghere vaskụla olu, ikike nke arịa iji gbatịa site n'ọbara ọbara, yana mbelata nke lumen arịa ahụ n'ihi mmụba nke nha nke atherosclerotic plaque (mkpokọta nke LDL, VLDL, triglycerides, wdg). Ihe ndị a niile na - eduga n'ọbara ọgbụgba, ụba microthrombi na microcirculation.

Ngbanye ọnụọgụ ọnya ụtara atherosclerotic ọnya anụ ahụ, mgbaàmà ebido:

• IHD (akwara ọbara arteriosclerosis),
• INC (ala ụkwụ adịghị ala ala n'ihi ọnya akwara nke ụkwụ na afọ aorta),
• ischemia akụkụ (warara nke lumen nke arịa nke olu na ụbụrụ), wdg.

N’ọnọdụ ndị dị a isaa ka a na-achọpụta ọrịa LDL?

Okwa nke LDL yana nsogbu nke ibute ọrịa obi na ọrịa vaskụla metụtara. Di elu nke ogo lipoproteins dị ala na ọbara dị elu, ọ ga - akawanye ike na onye ọrịa na - etolite ọrịa gbasara akwara na - esighi ike.

Conmalite nyocha ọbara maka LDL ga - enyere gị aka ịchọpụta enweghị mgbatị ahụ n'oge wee họrọ nri nwere ike ịbelata onye ọrịa ahụ ma, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, usoro maka ịgwọ ọgwụ ọgwụ nke ọkwa cholesterol.

A na-atụ aro maka nyocha a otu ugboro n'afọ ịhapụ ndị mmadụ niile gbara afọ 35. Ọ bụrụ na enwere ihe ndị dị ize ndụ maka mmepe nke ọrịa obi, enwere ike ime nyocha mgbochi karịa mgbe ọ bụla. Ọzọkwa, a na-egosipụta nyocha ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa nwere:

• oke ibu
• ọrịa shuga mellitus
• ọrịa imeju
• ọrịa thyroid,
• mgbu na-adịghị ala ala na cholecystitis,
• mkpesa nke ume dị mkpụmkpụ, ike ọgwụgwụ nke ike ọgwụgwụ, ike ọgwụgwụ, ike ọgwụgwụ, ncheta ihe,
• mkpesa mgbu na ụkwụ, ịjọ njọ site na ije, ije na-agagharị, oge oyi nke ụkwụ na aka, pallor ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara nke ụkwụ, wdg.

A na-enyochakwa lipoproteins dị ala na nyocha ọbara n'oge ịtụrụ ime. Ekwesịrị ịba ama na mmụba dị ala nke cholesterol n'oge ịmụ nwa bụ ihe dị mma na ọ chọghị ọgwụgwọ. Agbanyeghị, na mmụba dị ukwuu na lipoproteins dị ala, ihe ize ndụ nke ịtụrụ ime nwa oge, ọbara ọgbụgba na-ebelata, ime ọpụpụ, imu nwa ebu n'afọ na-egbu oge, ịmụ nwa oge, wdg na-abawanye.

Obere ogo nke LDL na HDL cholesterol n’oge afọ ime nwekwara ike igosipụta ihe egwu dị oke nke ịmalite toxicosis, yana ọbara ọgbụgba n’oge ịmụ nwa.

Ihe ndị dị ize ndụ maka mmepe nke atherosclerosis na pathologies nke usoro obi

Elele, LDL cholesterol di elu na:

• ndị na-ese anwụrụ
• ndị ọrịa na-a abuseụbiga mmanya ókè, oke abụba, nri e ghere eghe na nke na-ese anwụrụ, swiiti, ntụ ọka, wdg,
• oke obara oria shuga,
• ndị na-ebi ndụ enweghị isi,
• ndị ọrịa na-arịa ehighị ụra nke ukwuu na nrụgide oge niile,
• ndị ọrịa nwere akụkọ banyere ezinụlọ nwere nsogbu (ndị ikwu ha nwere ọrịa obi na mbụ ha).

Ọzọkwa, LDL n’ọbara na-ebili n’ihu ọnya ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, ọrịa na-akpata ahụ, ụkọ vitamin, imbarensi ọbara, wdg.

Ihe ngosiputa maka nyocha nke obere lipoproteins dị ala

A na-enyocha profaịlụ nke egbugbere ọnụ:

• iji kwado ma ọ bụ gọnahụ ọnụnọ ọnya anụ arụ atherosclerotic,
• na nyocha zuru oke nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa imeju, pancreas, jaundice, yana ọrịa nke usoro endocrine,
• mgbe a na-enyocha ndị ọrịa a na-enyo enyo enyo site na ha inyeghị ihe nketa,
• ka ichoputa ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa obi na akwara na-achọpụta ọnụọgụ atherogenic.

A na-eji ngụkọta nke ọnụọgụ atherogenic maka inyocha ogo cholesterol (OH) na oke njupụta nke lipoproteins, yana ọghọm nke ịmalite mmebi vaskụla na-adịghị mma. N ’elu ahụ ruru, ka ihe a pụta.

Ngwakọ ihe atherogenic = (OH-HDL) / HDL.

Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, ogo nke HDL na kọlestrọl ọnụ (LDL + VLDL na HDL) dị na nha site na 2 ruo 2.5 (ogo kachasị mma maka ụmụ nwanyị bụ 3.2, yana maka ụmụ nwoke 3.5).

Otutu ihe nwere ume dị ala dị ala

Norms nke ọdịnaya LDL dabere na nwoke na nwanyị ọrịa. Normkpụrụ nke LDL n'ọbara ụmụ nwanyị n'oge afọ dị elu na-ebili dabere n'oge afọ. Enwere ike inwe obere mgbanwe na arụmọrụ mgbe ị na-agafe ule na laborat laborat dị iche iche (nke a bụ n'ihi ọdịiche nke akụrụngwa na reagents ejiri). N'akụkụ a, ntule nke LDL n'ime ọbara ahụ kwesịrị ka ọ bụrụ naanị ọkachamara.

Dkpụrụ LDL n'ime ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị

Ihe dị iche na nke nwoke na ibe ya na nyocha dịgasị iche n'ihi ọkwa dị iche na ọkwa nke homonụ. N'ime ụmụ nwanyị, tupu menopause, oke ọkwa estrogen na-emebe cholesterol LDL n'ime ọbara. Nke a na - enyere aka n'ịmepụta nchekwa nke homonụ nke anụ ahụ megide atherosclerosis na ọrịa obi. N'ime ụmụ nwoke, n'ihi ụba nke androgens, ọkwa LDL na ọbara dị ntakịrị karịa karịa n’ebe ụmụ nwanyị nọ. Ya mere, ha na-enwekarị ihe akpọkarị atherosclerosis na nwata.

LDL cholesterol ke okpokoro site na afọ maka ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị:

Kedu ihe ọ pụtara ma ọ bụrụ na lipoproteins dị ntakịrị dị elu

A na-eme elu cholesterol LDL na ndị ọrịa nwere:

• iche echiche heftorial hender, hypercholesterolemia na hypertriglyceridemia),
• ibu oke ibu
• nnukwu ọrịa gbasara akụrụ (ọnụnọ nke nephrotic syndrome, ọdịda akụrụ),
• jaundice mgbochi,
• pathologies endocrine (ọrịa shuga, ọnọdụ nke hypothyroidism, ọrịa adrenal gland, polycystic ovary syndrome, wdg),
• ụjọ ụjọ.

Ihe kpatara cholesterol adịgboroja nke etolite na nyocha nwere ike ịbụ ojiji nke ọgwụ dị iche iche (beta-blockers, diuretics, homonụ glucocorticosteroid, wdg).

LDL cholesterol gbadara

A ga-ahụ ọkwa ọkwa LDL dara nke ọma na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa hypolipidemia na hypotriglyceridemia, anaemia na-adịghị ala ala, ọrịa malabasị na eriri afọ (malabsorption), myeloma, nchekasị siri ike, ọrịa akụkụ iku ume na-adịghị ala ala, wdg.

Ọzọkwa, cholestyramine ®, lovastatin ®, thyroxine ®, estrogen, wdg, na-eduga n'ịbelata ogo nke ara.

Etu esi wedata cholesterol LDL n'ime ọbara

Ekwesịrị ndị dọkịta ga - edepụta ọgwụ Lipid dị ala site na nsonaazụ nke ule ahụ. Dịka iwu, akwadoro statin (lovastatin ®, simvastatin ®), bile acid sequestrants (cholestyramine ®), fibrates (clofibrate ®), wdg.

A na-atụ arokwa ọgwụ mgbochi ihe niile na magnesium na omega-3. Site na njiri mara, enwere ike inye ọgwụ mgbochi nke thrombosis (ihe ndị na - egbochi ihe mgbochi na anticoagulants).

Etu esi wedata cholesterol nke LDL n’ejighi ọgwụ?

A na-eme nri na ndụ mmezi dịka mgbakwunye dị mkpa maka mgbakwunye ọgwụ.Dịka usoro ọgwụgwọ onwe ha, enwere ike iji ha naanị mmalite nke atherosclerosis.

N'okwu a, a na-atụ aro ka ọ nwekwuo mmega ahụ, belata oke ahụ, kwụsị ị smokingụ sịga ma rie nri nwere kọlọtọ.