Ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ antic
Ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ antidizim (sịntetị hypoglycemic elekọta mmadụ, ndị na-arịa ọrịa hypoglycemic nke ọnụ) - ọgwụ na - ebelata glucose ọbara ma jiri ya na - agwọ ọrịa shuga. Ndị ọrụ antidiediiki sịntetik niile dị n'ụdị mbadamba.
Pathogenesis nke ọrịa shuga mellitus sitere na ụkọ insulin, nke nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi nrụpụta insulin ezughị ezu site na β-sel nke agwaetiti nke Langerhans (mellitus insulin na-adabere na ọrịa shuga mellitus), ma ọ bụ mmetụta insulin na-adịghị ala ala (ọrịa mellitus na-abụghị insulin) ma ọ bụ ụdị ọrịa shuga mellitus nke II. N'ikwekọ na nke a, a na-ekewa ọgwụ hypoglycemic n'ime ọgwụ ndị na-abawanye mmepụta insulin site na mkpụrụ ndụ β-sel nke agwaetiti nke Langerhans, yana ọgwụ ndị na-eme ka ọgụgụ isi dịkwuo elu na insulin.
Nchịkwa Amino Acid
Usoro nke usoro: na - akpali mkpụrụ ndụ insulin site na mkpụrụ ndụ nke agwaetiti nke Langerhans. Nọmalị, na mmụba nke ọkwa glucose, a na-akpali ibufe glucose β-sel nke agwaetiti nke Langerhans. Site na imezi ihe mgbasa site na iji onye na-ebugharị pụrụ iche (GLUT-2), glucose na-abanye n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ β-sel na phosphorylates, nke na-eduga n'ịbawanye na usoro nke molecule nke ATP, nke na-egbochi oghere K + ATP na-adabere na K + (KATPọwa). Na mgbochi KATP- ụzọ ọpụpụ, ụzọ ọpụpụ nke K + si na sel na - agbagha, depolarization nke sel ahụ na - amalite. Site na mkpochapụ nke sel ahụ, a na-emeghe ụzọ Ca 2+ nwere, na ọkwa Ca 2+ na cytoplasm nke mkpụrụ ndụ β. Ca 2+ ion na - arụ ọrụ microfilaments ma na - akwalite ngagharị nke granules na insulin n'ahụ akpụkpọ ahụ, ntinye nke nsogbu dị na mkpụrụ ndụ, yana insulin exocytosis.
Ngwakọta nke Sulfonylurea na-eme ihe kpọmkwem na ndị na-anabata ndị ụdị 1 (SUR1) KATP-ebido ma gbochie ọwa ndị a. N'akụkụ a, depolarization nke sel ahụ na-apụta, ọwa ndị a na-adabere na ca 2+ na-arụ ọrụ, na ntinye mkpụrụ ndụ Ca 2+ na-abawanye. Site na mmụba nke ọkwa Ca 2+ na sel, a na-emegharị ngagharị nke granules nwere insulin na akpụkpọ ahụ, ntinye nke nsogbu dị na sel na insulin exocytosis na-arụ ọrụ.
E kwenyekwara na ihe ndị na-eme ka sulfonylurea dịkwuo elu na -ekwupụta oghere anụ ahụ na insulin ma belata mmepụta glucose na imeju.
Mmetụta hypoglycemic nke ihe nchịkwa sulfonylurea adịchaghị adabere na ọkwa glucose dị n'ọbara (wepu njikọ dị n'etiti glucose na insulin insulin). Ya mere, mgbe ị na-eji usoro sulfonylurea, hypoglycemia ga-ekwe omume.
A na - eji ihe ndị dị na Sulfonylurea eme ihe maka ụdị ọrịa shuga mellitus nke II (ezughị ezu na - emepụta insulin, mbelata anụ ahụ na - insulin). N'ime ụdị ọrịa shuga mellitus metụtara ya na mbibi nke mkpụrụ ndụ,-ọgwụ, ọgwụ ndị a adịghị arụ ọrụ.
Nri nke sulfonylureas nke ọgbọ nke mbụ - chlorpropamide, tolbutamide (butamide) ka etinyere n'ọtụtụ usoro, na-eme obere oge.
A na - enye usoro dị iche iche nke sulfonylureas nke ọgbọ nke abụọ - glibenclamide, glycidone, glycoslide, glimepiride, glipizide - na - edepụtara ya na oke doses dị ala, ha na-eme ogologo oge karị, mmetụta ndị ọ na-enweghị ka ọ na-ekwuputa. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi nsonaazụ ogologo oge (awa 12-24), ọgwụ ndị a dị ize ndụ karịa na enwere ike ịba ọcha n'anya. Ugbu a, a na-eji nkwadebe sulfonylurea nke ọgbọ nke abụọ. A na-enye mmadụ ọgwụ Sulfonylurea n'ọnụ nkeji iri atọ tupu nri.
Mmetụta dị iche iche nke usoro sulfonylurea:
- Hypoglycemia
- Ogbugbu, ụtọ dị n’ime ọnụ, ihe mgbu n’afọ
- Iwetara uru
- Toụbiga mmanya ókè
- Hyponatremia
- Mmeghachi omume nfụkasị ahụ, photodermatosis
- Ọrụ imeju na-arụ ọrụ
- Leukopenia
Nchịkwa Amino Acid
Nateglinide bụ ihe sitere na phenylalanine. Ọ nwere ngwa ngbanwe mgbanwe inhibitory ngwa ngwa na KATP-ụzọ nke β-sel nke ngwa islet. Na-eweghachi insulin n'oge mbụ na nzaghachi mkpali site na glucose (anaghị arịa ụdị shuga II). Ọ na - eme ka mmiri ọgwụ insulin akara akara n'ime nkeji iri na ise mbụ iri nri. N'ime awa 3-4 ndị na-esote, ọkwa insulin na-alaghachi na nke mbụ. Nateglinide na - akpali insulin na - adabere na ọkwa glucose. Na ọkwa glucose dị ala, nateglinide enweghị obere mmetụta insulin insulin. Ihe nzuzo insulin na-akpata site na nateglinide na-agbadata site na mbelata ọkwa glucose, yabụ hypoglycemia adịghị etolite na iji ọgwụ.
2. Echiche nke usoro nke immunostimulating edinam nke t-activin, interferon, BCG, levamisole
Dịka immunostimulants, a na-eji ihe ndị na-eme biogenic (nkwadebe nke thymus, interferons, interleukin-2, BCG) na ihe ndị na-akpụ akpụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, levamisole). N'ime usoro ọgwụgwọ, a na-eji ọtụtụ thymus emezi ihe nwere mmetụta immunostimulating (thymalin, tactivin, wdg). Ha metụtara polypeptides ma ọ bụ protein. Tactivin (T-activin) na-ahụ maka ọnụ ọgụgụ na ọrụ nke T-lymphocytes (na steeti immunodeficiency), na-akpali mmepụta nke cytokines, na-eweghachi ọrụ mkpochi nke T-egbu ma na-eme ka nsogbu nke cellular kwụsịlata. A na-eji ya na steeti immunodeficiency (mgbe ọgwụgwọ radieshon na chemotherapy na ndị ọrịa cancer, na-arịa purulent na usoro mkpali, wdg), lymphogranulomatosis, lymphocytic leukemia, otutu sclerosis. Interferons nke otu cytokines nwere ọgwụ mgbochi, immunostimulating na mmetụta antiproliferative. A, b na y-interferons dịpụrụ iche. Ihe kachasị na-achịkwa nchịkwa nchịkwa na mgbochi bụ interferon-y. A na-egosipụta mmetụta immunotropic nke interferon na rụọ ọrụ nke macrophages, T-lymphocytes na mkpụrụ ndụ egbu eke. Mepụta nkwadebe nke eke interferon nke enwetara site na ọbara onyinye onyinye mmadụ (interferon, interlock), yana interferons recombinant (reaferon, intron A, betaferon). A na-eji ha na ọgwụgwọ nke ọtụtụ nje na-efe efe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, influenza, ịba ọcha n'anya), yana na ụfọdụ ọrịa tumor (ya na myeloma, lymphoma sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ B). Na mgbakwunye, a na-akpọ interferonogens (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọkara-dan, prodigiosan), nke na-abawanye mmepụta nke interferons endogenous, na-eji ya mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka immunostimulants. Interfọdụ interleukins dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọgwụ interleukin-2, ka edekwara dịka ọgwụ immunostimulants. A na-eji BCG maka ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi megide ụkwara nta. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-eji BCG eme ihe mgbe ụfọdụ n'ịgwọ ọtụtụ ọrịa ọjọọ. BCG na-akpali macrophages na, n'ụzọ doro anya, T-lymphocytes. Achọpụtara ụfọdụ mmetụta dị mma na ọrịa leukemia myeloid siri ike, ụdị ọrịa lymphomas (ọ na-ejikọghị lymphoma nke Hodgkin), na kansa nke eriri afọ na ara, yana maka ọrịa kansa nke ala ime. Otu n'ime ọgwụ sịntetik bụ levamisole (decaris). A na-eji ya n'ụdị hydrochloride. O nwere ọrụ anthelmintic akpọ, yana mmetụta immunostimulating. Usoro nke ikpeazụ ahụ apụtachaghị nke ọma. Enwere ihe akaebe na levamisole nwere mmetụta na-akpali akpali na macrophages na T-lymphocytes. Ọ naghị agbanwe mmepụta nke ọgwụ nje. Yabụ, a na-egosipụta mmetụta bụ isi nke levamisole na iwu nke mgbochi sel. A na-eji ya maka immunodeficiency, ụfọdụ ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo, na ọtụtụ etuto ahụ. IRS-19, ribomunil, interferon gamma, aldesleukin, thymogen, nhazi nkeloron nke echinacea, azathioprine, methotrexate, cyclosporin, basiliximab.
Ndị na-emepụta ihe
Onye na-emepụta ọgwụ Beat bụ ụlọ ọrụ Eli Lilly na ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ ụlọ ọrụ, nke hiwere na 1876 na Indianapolis (USA, Indiana).
Nke a bụ ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ mbụ bidoro imepụta insulin n'ụlọ ọrụ na 1923.
Companylọ ọrụ ahụ na-emepụta ma na-emepụta ọgwụ maka ndị erere nke ọma n'ime ihe karịrị otu narị mba, na steeti iri na atọ enwere ụlọ ọrụ maka mmepụta ha.
Ntuziaka nke abụọ nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ imepụta ọgwụ maka mkpa ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ.
Lilly na Companylọ ọrụ anọwo na Moscow kemgbe ihe karịrị afọ iri abụọ. Ndabere nke ahia ya na Russia bu ihe nlere anya nke ogwu iji gwọ oria oria, mana enwere ndi ozo: akwara, psychiatry, oncology.
Onye na - arụ ọrụ nke ọgwụ ahụ bụ 250 microgram nke exenatide.
Ihe ndị ọzọ bụ sodium acetate trihydrate, glacial acetic acid, mannitol, metacresol na mmiri maka ịgba ntụtụ.
Baeta dị n'ụdị mkpịsị mkpụrụ ọgwụ disposable nwere ọgwụ ntụtụ maka ọgwụ ntụtụ n'okpuru anụ ahụ nkeji iri isii tupu iri nri n'ụtụtụ na mgbede.
A na-atụ aro ka Baeta na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa mellitus na-abụghị insulin na-akpata (ụdị II) iji mee ka njikwa glycemic dị mfe:
- n'ụdị monotherapy - megide nzụlite nke nri nri nwere obere ala na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ,
- na ngwakọta ọgwụgwọ:
- dị ka mgbakwunye na ọgwụ ndị na-eme ka mmiri dị ala (metformin, thiazolidinedione, sulfonylurea dị iche iche),
- maka iji ya na metformin na basal insulin.
N'okwu a, usoro mmanụ sulfonylurea nwere ike ịchọ mbelata usoro onunu ogwu. Mgbe ị na-eji Byeta, ị nwere ike belata ọgwụ ị na-eme ozugbo site na 20% wee gbanwee ya n'okpuru njikwa glycemia.
Maka ọgwụ ndị ọzọ, enweghị ike ịgbanwe usoro izizi.
Na nkenke, a na-atụ aro ka ọgwụ ọgwụ kpụrụ maka ndị ọgwụ hypoglycemic ndị ọzọ ka ha rụọ ọrụ ha na igbu oge insulin.
Ekwesighi iji exenatide eme ihe maka:
- mmadu nwere ike ime ihe omuma nke ogwu ahu.
- shuga na-arịa insulin na-akpata ọrịa shuga (ụdị nke m),
- mebiri emebi gbasara akụrụ ma ọ bụ imeju akwara,
- ọrịa nke digestive usoro, tinyere paresis (belatara contractility) nke afọ,
- ịtụrụ ime na inye ụmụ ara,
- nnukwu ọrịa ma ọ bụ nke butere ọrịa pancreatitis.
Enyekwala umuaka iwu ruo mgbe ha toro.
Ekwesịrị iji nlezianya mee ihe na ojiji a na - ejikarị exenatide na nkwadebe ọnụ na - achọ nnabata ngwa ngwa site na nri diges: a ga - ewere ha mgbe otu elekere tupu ịgba ọgwụ Bayet ma ọ bụ na nri ndị na - enweghị njikọ na nchịkwa ya.
Ugboro nke ihe ọghọm mgbe ị na-eji Byet sitere na 10 ruo 40%, a na-egosipụta ya tumadi na ọgbụgba dị mkpụmkpụ na ọgbụgbọ na mmalite ọgwụgwọ. Oge ụfọdụ mmeghachi omume mpaghara nwere ike ime na ntụtụ.
Analogues nke ọgwụ
Ọrịa shuga na-atụ egwu ọgwụgwọ a, dị ka ọkụ!
Naanị ịchọrọ itinye ...
Ajuju nke iji dochie anya Bayet na ozo, dika iwu, nwere ike ibilite n'okpuru onodu ndi a:
- ọgwụ ahụ adịghị ala ala glucose,
- a na-egosipụta mmetụta nke ọma,
- ọnụahịa ahụ dị oke.
Ọgwụ Baeta generics - ọgwụ nke ejiri ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ na okike ebikọtara ya.
Ihe analogues ya zuru oke n'okpuru ikike nke Lilly na Companylọ ọrụ bụ nke Bristol-Myers Squibb Co (BMS) na AstraZeneca mepụtara.
Countriesfọdụ mba na-ere ahịa Byetu n'okpuru ika ọgwụ Bydureon.
Baeta Long bụ onye nnọchianya hypoglycemic nwere otu ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ (exenatide), naanị ogologo ọrụ. Zuru oke mmekorita nke Baeta. Ọnọdụ eji eme ihe - otu ụzọ dị okirikiri ụbọchị asaa ọ bụla.
Otu ọgwụ a na - akpọ ọgwụ dịka Victoza (Denmark) - ọgwụ na - ebelata shuga, ihe na - arụ ọrụ bụ liraglutide. Site na akụrụngwa ọgwụgwọ, ihe na-egosi na contraindications, ọ bụ yiri nke Baete.
Incretin agonists nwere naanị otu usoro onunu ogwu - ntụtụ.
Otu nke abụọ nke klaasị ọgwụ ọjọọ nọchiri anya ọgwụ ndị na - egbochi mmepụta enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-4). Ha nwere ihe ndi di egwu na ihe ogwu ha.
Ndị na-egbochi DPP-4 gụnyere Januvia (Netherlands), Galvus (Switzerland), Transgenta (Germany), Ongliza (USA).
Dị ka Baeta na Victoza, ha na-abawanye ọkwa insulin site na ịbawanye oge nke incretins, na-egbochi mmepụta glucagon ma na-akpali ịtụgharị mkpụrụ ndụ.
Naanị anaghị emetụta ọnụego ntọhapụ nke afọ ma adịghị eme ka oke belata.
Ngosiputa maka iji otu ndi ogwu a bu kwa mellitus oria-non-insulin na-adighi aru n’otu uzo nke monotherapy ma obu ya na ogwu ndi ozo.
Sesnweta usoro ọgwụgwọ anaghị eme ka shuga dị n'ọbara, ebe ọ bụ na mgbe e depụtara usoro ọmụmụ ya, iwepu glucagon.
Otu uru dị na ya bụ iji usoro ọnụọgụ ọgwụ ha n'ụdị mbadamba maka nchịkwa ọnụ, nke ga-enye gị ohere ịbanye ọgwụ ahụ n'ime ahụ na-ejighị ọgwụ ịgba.
Mpempe usoro onunu ogwu
Ngwọta maka nchịkwa subcutaneous.
1 ml nke ihe ngwọta nwere:
ike ọrụ: exenatide 250 mcg,
ndị mbụ: sodium acetate trihydrate 1.59 mg, acetic acid 1.10 mg, mannitol 43.0 mg, metacresol 2.20 mg, mmiri maka injection q.s. ihe ruru 1 ml.
Azịza transperent enweghị enweghị ntụpọ
Ngwongwo ogwu
Exenatide (Exendin-4) bụ gluonagon dị ka polypeptide receptor agonist ma bụrụkwa amidopeptide 39-amino acid. Ihe ndị metụtara, dị ka gluptagon-dị ka peptide-1 (GLP-1), na-eme ka insulin na-adabere na glucose dị mma, na-arụ ọrụ beta cell, na-ebelata glucagon nke ukwuu na-ebelata ma belata gastric empt mgbe ha banye na ọbara n'ozuzu oke site na eriri afọ. Exenatide bụ ọgwụ dị ike n'ụdị nke na-eme ka mmiri ọgwụ insulin na-adabere na glucose ma nweekwa mmetụta hypoglycemic dị iche iche maka incretins, nke na-eme ka nchịkwa glycemic na ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị shuga 2.
Usoro amino acid nke exenatide dabara na usoro nke mmadụ GLP-1, n'ihi nke ọ na-ejikọ ma na-akpali ndị na-anabata GLP-1 n'ime mmadụ, nke na-eduga n'ịba ụba njikọta glucose na nzuzo nke insulin sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ beta nke pcunized na ntinye nke cyclic AMP na / ma ọ bụ ihe mgbaàmà intracellular ndị ọzọ. ụzọ. Exenatide na-akpali ntọhapụ nke insulin site na sel beta n'ihu ọnụnọ glucose dị ụba. Exenatide dị iche n'ụdị kemịkalụ na ihe ọgwụ na-arụ na insulin, n'ụkpụrụ sulfonylurea, usoro D-phenylalanine na meglitinides, biguanides, thiazolidinediones na alfa-glucosidase inhibitors.
Exenatide na-eme ka nchịkwa glycemic dịkwuo mma na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa shuga nke 2 n'ihi usoro ndị a.
Ọ bụ insulin insulin na-a :ụrị: na ọnọdụ hyperglycemic, exenatide na-eme ka mmiri ọgwụ glucose na-emetụta glucose na sel beta pancreatic. Ihe nzuzo insulin a na-akwụsị ka ịba ụba nke glucose n'ọbara na-ebelata ka ọ na-erukwa ihe kwesịrị ekwesị, si otú a belata ihe egwu nwere ike ịrịa hypoglycemia.
Usoro mbu nke nzaghachi insulin: Inyocha insulin n'oge nkeji iri mbụ, a maara dị ka “ngalaba mbụ nke nzaghachi insulin”, enweghị ndị ọrịa bu ụdị shuga 2. Na mgbakwunye, mfu nke akụkụ mbụ nke nzaghachi insulin bụ nkwarụ mbụ nke ọrụ mkpụrụ ndụ beta na ọrịa shuga nke 2. Nlekọta nke exenatide weghachiri ma ọ bụ kwalite nke ọma na ọkwa mbụ na nke abụọ nke nzaghachi insulin na ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị shuga 2.
Glucagon nzuzo: n'ime ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 nke ọrịa hyperglycemia, nlekọta nke exenatide na-egbochi oke ikuku glucagon.Agbanyeghị, exenatide anaghị egbochi nzaghachi glucagon nkịtị na hypoglycemia.
Nri oriri: nchịkwa nke exenatide na-ebute mbelata agụụ na mbelata iri nri.
Gastric efu: egosiputara na nlekọta nke exenatide na egbochi mgbochi moti, ma ọ na - egbulata ịbelata. N'ime ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga abụọ nke mellitus, ọgwụgwọ exenatide na monotherapy yana yana nkwadebe usoro metformin na / ma ọ bụ sulfonylurea na-eduga na mbelata ọbara glucose na-ebu ọnụ, postprandial ọbara glucose, yana HbA1c, si otú a na-emeziwanye nchịkwa glycemic na ndị ọrịa a.
Mlọ ọgwụ
Mgbe ọchịchị subcutaneous gasịrị nye ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 nke ọrịa, exenatide na-abanye ngwa ngwa ma rute ngụkọta nke plasma kachasị mgbe awa 2.1 gachara. Nkezi nkezi ịta (Cmax) bụ 211 pg / ml yana mpaghara niile dị n'okpuru usoro ịta ahụhụ (AUC)0-int) bụ 1036 pg x h / ml mgbe nchịkwa subcutaneous nke dose nke 10 μg exenatide. Mgbe ekpughere ya na exenatide, AUC na-abawanye na nha maka usoro ịrị elu site na 5 μg ruo 10 μg, ebe enweghị mmụba dị na Cmax. A hụkwara otu mmetụta ahụ na nchịkwa subcutaneous nke exenatide n'ime afọ, apata ụkwụ ma ọ bụ ubu.
Olu nke nkesa exenatide mgbe nchịkwa subcutaneous bụ 28.3 lita.
Metabolism na ntụpọ
Exenatide bụ nke kachasị kpochapu ikuku site na ịba ụba nke proteolytic. Nwepu nke Exenatide bụ 9.1 l / h yana ọkara ndụ ikpeazụ bụ awa 2.4. Omume ọgwụ ndị a na-enye ọgwụ nke exenatide anaghị akwụ ụgwọ onwe ha. A na-ekpebi mkpokọta nke exenatide kpebie ihe dịka elekere 10 mgbe ituchara.
Otu ndị ọrịa pụrụ iche
Ndị ọrịa nwere ọrụ mgbazinye nsogbu
N'ime ndị ọrịa nwere obere mkpo ya na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpirikpi (mwepu nke 30-80 ml / min), iwepụ ihe dị iche na mkpochapu ya na isiokwu ndị nwere ọrụ mkpo nkịtị, ya mere, a chọghị ịgbanwe ọgwụ a. Agbanyeghị, n'ime ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ọgbụgba akụrụngwa n'ọgwụgwụ, ha na-agbadata nchịkọta 0.9 l / h (ma ọ bụrụ na atụnyere 9.1 l / h n'ihe ọmụmụ siri ike).
Ndị ọrịa nwere ọria imeju
Ebe ọ bụ na exenatide bụ akịrị ewepu akụrụ, ekwenyere na ọrụ ịba ọcha n'anya anaghị agbanwe oke mkpocha ọbara n'ime ọbara. Ndị agadi Afọ anaghị emetụta njikwa ọgwụ nke ọgwụ exenatide. Ya mere, achoghi ndi okenye aruru agadi ka ha mee mmeghari ogwu.
Childrenmụaka Emebeghị ka ọgwụ ụlọ ọgwụ nke exenatide na ụmụaka.
Na-eto eto (afọ 12 ruo 16)
Na nyocha nke pharmacokinetic nke emere ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 dị afọ iri na abụọ ruo afọ iri na isii, nchịkwa nke exenatide na nha nke 5 μg sokwa ọgwụ ọgwụ ahụ yiri ndị a hụrụ na ndị okenye.
Enweghị ọdịiche dị oke mkpa dị n'etiti ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị na ọgwụ ọgwụ nke exenatide. Ọsọ Race enweghi mmetụta di egwu na pharmacokinetics nke exenatide. Ndozigharị ndabere sitere na agbụrụ agbụrụ adịghị achọrọ.
Ndị ọrịa Obese
Onweghi nkwekorita di omimi n'etiti aruchi aru (BMI) na exenatide pharmacokinetics. Mgbanwe dose dabere na BMI.
Ihe ngosi maka ojiji
Elldị nke abụọ nke ọrịa shuga mellitus dị ka monotherapy na mgbakwunye na nri na mmega ahụ iji nweta njikwa glycemic zuru ezu.
Ngwakọta ọgwụ
Elldị nke abụọ nke ọrịa shuga mellitus dị ka usoro ọgwụgwọ ọzọ maka metformin, ihe na-eme ka ihe na -akpata ume, thiazolidinedione, njikọ mejupụtara metformin na ihe na-eme ka ihe na-aga nke ọma. 2dị shuga abụọ nke ọrịa mellitus dị ka ọgwụgwọ ọzọ na njikọta nke insulin basal na nhazi metformin iji melite njikwa glycemic.
Ihe ngbanwe
- Akpachapụ anya ị toụ ọgwụ gafere ọgwụ ma ọ bụ ndị mere ọgwụ a
- 1dị shuga 1 nke ọrịa mellitus ma ọ bụ ọnụnọ nke ketoacidosis nke ọrịa mamịrị
- Oria siri ike gbasara akwara
A na-edepụtara mmeghachi omume na-adịghị mma ugboro ugboro karịa otu otu na usoro gram na-esote: ọtụtụ mgbe (≥10%), ọtụtụ mgbe (≥1%, 0.1%, 0.01%, ọgwụgwọ ngwakọta
Achọpụtara mmeghachi omume ọjọọ nke mere ugboro ugboro karịa na otu usoro dịka gradation ndị a: ọtụtụ mgbe (≥10%), oge mgbe (≥1%, 0.1%, 0.01%, NKPỌ NA MARA ỌR AD NSO nke onye na-elekọta ya (OWNER) AKWKWỌ AKGKỌ
AstraZeneca UK Limited, United Kingdom 2 Kingdom Street, London W2 6BD, United Kingdom AstraZeneca UK Limited, United Kingdom 2 Kingdom Street, London W2 6BD, United Kingdom
NWA ANYA
Baxter Pharmaceutical Solutions ELC, USA
927 South Curry Pike, Bloomington, Indiana, 47403, USA
Baxter Pharmaceutical Solutions LLC, USA
927 South Curry Pike, Bloomington, Indiana 47403, USA
FILLER (AKW PKWIMRIM mbụ)
1. Baxter Pharmaceutical Solutions ELC, USA 927 South Curry Pike, Bloomington, Indiana, 47403, USA Baxter Pharmaceutical Solutions LLC, USA 927 South Curry Pike, Bloomington, Indiana 47403, USA (kadi nkata)
2. Sharp Corporation, USA 7451 Keebler Way, Allentown, PA, 18106, USA Sharp Corporation, USA 7451 Keebler Way, Allentown, Pennsylvania, 18106, USA (mgbakọ mkpọsa mkpụrụ edemede)
AKW PKWỌ (AKW (KWỌ NSỌ (CONSUMER) AKPỌ)
Enestia Belgium NV, Belgium
Kloknerstraat 1, Hamont-Ahel, B-3930,
Belgium Enestia Belgium NV, Belgium
Klocknerstraat 1, Hamont-Achel, B-3930, Belgium
Njikwa ajụjụ
AstraZeneca UK Limited, UK
Ogige ahia ahia silk Road, Mcclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 2NA, UK
AstraZeneca UK Limited, United Kingdom brSilk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
Aha, adresị nke nzukọ nyere ikike ma ọ bụ onye nwe asambodo ndebanye aha nke ọgwụ ọgwụ maka iji ọgwụ wee nabata nkwanye sitere n'aka ndị ahịa:
Onyinye nke AstraZeneca UK Limited, United Kingdom,
na Moscow na AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LLC
125284 Moscow, abụrụ. Gba ọsọ, 3, p
Baeta ma ọ bụ Victoza: nke ka mma?
Mkpụrụ ọgwụ abụọ ahụ nwere otu otu - analogues analogues nke incretin, nwere ụdị ọgwụgwọ ahụ.
Mana Victoza nwere mmetụta dị omimi karịa nke na-enyere aka belata ibu nke ndị ọrịa buru ibu nke nwere ọrịa shuga II.
Victoza nwere mmetụta dị ogologo karị, a na-atụ aro ka enye ya ọgwụ incut nke ọgwụ otu ugboro kwa ụbọchị na agbanyeghị iri nri, ebe a ga-enye Bayetu ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị otu awa tupu nri.
Ọnụahịa ire ere nke Viktoza n'ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ dị elu.
Dọkịta na-aga ahụ na-eme mkpebi banyere nhọrọ nke ọgwụ, na-eburu n'uche njirimara onye ọrịa, ogo nke mmetụta yana ịtụle ogo ọrịa ahụ.
