Gini bu ule anakpo nke anakpo?

Trypsin na ọrụ ya

Tripsin digestive (trypsin) na-esonye na nbibi nke peptones protein ka obere ihe. Nri a na - ewepụta enzyme a n'ụdị trypsinogen, bụ nke anaghị arụ ọrụ, ma ọ na - agbanwe na - esochi ya na trypsin mgbe enzyme ọzọ, enteropeptidase, na - arụ ọrụ ya na duodenum.

Enwere ike igosipụta mmebi iwu dị ukwuu na ọrụ nke gland site na enweghị trypsin na feces. Nke a, kachasị na-apụta na fibrosis cystic nke gland. N'aka nke ya, nke a ma ọ bụ ọrịa pancreatic ọzọ nwekwara ike ịmalite mgbe ị na-ekpebi ọnụnọ nke trypsin na feces.

Na mkpokọta, mkpebi siri ike nke enzymes enweghị uru nchọpụta nchọpụta enweghị atụ, ebe ọ bụ na nje ndị dị na ya nwere ike igosipụta ụdị ọrụ enzymatic dị iche iche.

Ihe ngosi ndi ozo bu ihe omumu nke ihe duodenal nke enwetara site na nyocha nke ndi ohuru, obu ezie na onodu ogugu nke otutu ihe nzuzo (bile, ihe ọ juiceụ pancụ, wdg) na-agbanwe. A na-eme nnyocha ndị a iji chọpụta ọrụ nke ọtụtụ enzymes nke pancreas na-emepụta. N'ime ha bụ trypsin, yana lipase, amylase, phospholipase A2, elastase.

Trypsin Stool Assays

Agbanyeghị, enwere ike iji mkpebi nke fecal trypsin mee ihe maka nchọpụta nchọpụta dị mkpa. Karịsịa, nchọpụta oge gboo nke cystic fibrosis bụ nke dị mfe site na iji obere ọrụ trypsin na feces, n'agbanyeghị ọnụnọ ọrịa bronchopulmonary na-adịghị ala ala, ọrịa nke cystic fibrosis na ụmụnne (nwanne, mana ọ bụghị ejima), ọrịa eriri afọ na ọrịa ọsụsọ na-emekwa maka foto zuru ezu.

Iji chọpụta ọrụ nke stool trypsin, a na-eme ihe nkiri eserese X-ray. Ọ bụrụ na filti ahụ etinyere ihe na-erughị 1: 64 ma gosipụta ihe nkiri X-ray, mgbe ahụ na enweghị mmebi ya, a na-ahụta ọrụ feps trypsin ka ọ ga-ebelata. Usoro a adịlarị dịka ihe aga - eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe ochie, mana ọ ka ji ya, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị ụkọ.

Enwere ike inweta ozi ziri ezi karịa site na nnwale ọsụsọ, mgbe a na-ekpebi chlorides mmiri mmiri ọsụsọ. Ọ bụrụ na ekwenyela ọkwa dị elu nke ọsụsọ ugboro atọ, mgbe ahụ anyị nwere ike ịsị na nchekwa nke ọrịa cystic fibrosis bụ ihe a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi.

A na-akpali ịchacha ọkụ site na electrophoresis nke pilocarpine na n'ime aka aka ahụ.

Acceptedkpụrụ a nabatara n'ogo iji nyochaa ọrụ akwara, nke a bụ SPT - testin-pancreosimine. A na-ekpebi bicarbonates na enzymes ebe a mgbe ha nwesịrị nlekọta nke nzuzo na pancreosimine na mkpali nke pancreas. A na-ewere ọnọdụ nke gland ahụ dị ka ihe dị mma ma ọ bụrụ na ekpebie trypsin dịkarịa ala 3 U / 30 min. Na mgbakwunye, bicarbonates kpebisiri ike (karịa erughi 70 mmol / L), lipase> 65000, amylase> 12000 na steatorrhea apteke.net

Nnyocha ụlọ nyocha

Iji kpebie ọrịa ndị ọ ga-ekwe omume, ha na-a bloodụ ọbara, ure, mmamịrị maka nyocha, na-eduzi nnwale. Diagnostics na - ejikwa ultrasound, gbakọrọ tomography ma ọ bụ onyonyo ndọta.

A na-ahụkarị ụkọ nke a na - eme na mwepu ụzarị na agba nke feces na nguzogide ya.

Enweghị lipase n'oge mgbaze na-eme ka enwu gbaa na agba odo.

Nsonaazụ nke usoro coprogram maka ọrịa a na - egbochi nsogbu ga - agụnye nsị nri na - esighi ike: creatorrhea (ọnụnọ nke akwara), amilorrhea (grati grains), saaps, acids acids. Mmebi nke protein n’ime eriri afọ bụ ihe na-eduga n’otu isi na-adịghị mma, yana uto nke microorganisms proteolytic - protea, clostridia.

A na-ahụkarị ụkọ nke a na - eme na mwepu ụzarị na agba nke feces na nguzogide ya.

Ihe di oke nkpa bu nyocha nke achoro maka ezumike.

A na-enye ọbara maka inye ihe ọmụmụ na nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ. Ikekwe mmụba nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara ọcha (neutrophils) bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mbufụt. Ọnụ ọgụgụ sel ọbara ọbara na-agbadata n'ihi ọbara ọgbụgba kpatara nsogbu ọbara ọgbụgba na-akpata. Egosiwanye mmụba na ESR na hematocrit nwere mbufụt.

Site na pancreatitis, na-eduga na ngọngọ nke ọpụpụ enzyme na duodenum, a na-achọpụta mmụba nke enzymes ndị a:

1. Amylases.
2. Trypsin, elastase.
3. Lipases, phospholipases.

Ikekwe, mmụba nke glucose ọbara, n'ihi na ọ nwere ọgba aghara n'ihe ọ bụla dị na sel sel islet na-egbochi insulin.

A na-enye ọbara maka inye ihe ọmụmụ na nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ.

Nyocha biochemical banyere mmamịrị na-egosi mmụba nke amylase (diastase) nke ihe karịrị 64 U / L kwa elekere. Site na necrosis pancreatic, ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-agbadata 10 U / L kwa elekere.

A na-eme nyocha maka ọdịnaya nke amino acid na mmamịrị - ule nke Lasus. Ọkwa trypsinogen dị na mmamịrị na - egosipụtakwa, na - egosi autoresis nke pancreas na - na - enwe pancreatic necrosis.

Gini bu trypsin?

Nke a bụ aha enzyme nke na-ekere òkè na nri nri nke protein na-apụta na obere eriri afọ. Nchịkwa ya pụtara na pancreas, n'ọnọdụ adịghị arụ ọrụ n'ụdị trypsinogen, emesia nke ikpeazụ n'ime eriri ahụ, ka ekpughere ya na enzymes enterokinase, na-agbanye n'ime trypsin.

Nchọpụta nke trypsin na feces nwatakịrị na-akwado ma ọ bụ na-ekwusi ọnụnọ nke ike arụ ọrụ exocrine na-ezughị ezu, yana ọrịa mgbu na-adịghị ala ala, ọnya ihu, cholelithiasis.

Olee ọrụ ọ na-arụ?

Enzyme ahụ na-etinye aka na nbibi nke peptones protein n'ime obere ihe.

Site na iji pancreas, a na-emepụta enzyme ahụ n'ime trypsinogen na-adịghị arụ ọrụ, site na nke ahụ na-etolite trypsin mgbe ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na achọpụtaghị ya na nsị ahụ, mgbe ahụ enwere ike ịchọpụta nnukwu ihe ndọpụ iche na arụ ọrụ gland nwere ike ịchọpụta. Nke a ma ọ bụ ọrịa pancreatic pathology nwere ike ịmalite ma ọ bụrụ na trypsin dị na feces.

A na-eme nyocha nke ọma karịa site na iji nyocha ndị a na-eme. A na-eme ha iji mata ọrụ nke ụfọdụ enzymes nke pancreas mepụtara.

Na mgbakwunye, trypsin nwere ihe pụrụ iche:

• na-eme ka anụ ahụ dị ọhụrụ ọzọ
• na-ebelata ogo mbufụt,
• Ọ na - eme kewaa anụ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ, na - egbochi nhụjupụta nke ngwaahịa nke necrosis n'ime usoro mgbasa yana ịxụbiga mmanya ókè,
• na-enyere aka idozi ọbara ọgbụgba,
• na-eme ka usoro mwepụ nke ọma belata,
• na-eme ka ihe nzuzo dị gị mkpa
• na-enyere ahụ aka ịgbake ngwa ngwa ma ọ bụrụ na enwere mbufụt fibrous.

Kedu mgbe egosipụtara ọrịa ahụ?

Onye ọ bụla gafere nri maka nnwale nnwale ụlọ nyocha otu ugboro na ndụ ya. Ihe kpatara nke a nwere ike ịbụ mkpesa ụmụ mmadụ na mkpa maka nyocha mgbochi.

Kedu ihe bụ feces maka trypsin maka? Emere ụdị nyocha a mgbe:

• ọrịa ọnyụnyụ na ọnya nke ukwu na elu nke usoro eriri afọ,
• obi ruo ogologo oge
• flatu na mbuze,
• afọ ntachi
• nnukwu afọ ọsịsa
• belching na gag reflex,
• ihe mgbaàmà mgbu n'akụkụ otu olu na eriri afọ.

Na mgbakwunye, a na-enye feces n'oge ule anụ ahụ n'ọnọdụ ndị a:

• na nlele nwa oge n'ụlọ gọọmentị,
• nyocha umuaka n’ulo akwukwo obula.
• mgbe ị na-ede asambodo ahụike nke steeti ala,
• maka nnabata nke nlekọta sanatorium n'ogige ahụike na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ, na-egosi ịdị n'otu.

Njirimara nke nchịkọta feces

Iji gafee nyocha dị otú ahụ, a ga-agbaso iwu ụfọdụ ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị. Maka ndị mbido - nri. Ahụ mmadụ kwesịrị ịnata nri nwere ezigbo protein, carbohydrates na abụba. Ọ dị mkpa izere nri nwere ike ịgbanwe ndò, na-ebute afọ ọsịsa ma ọ bụ afọ ntachi, na-akpata ire ọkụ:

• muffins na-ekpo ọkụ
• beets
• mmiri ara ehi ngwaahịa,
• herpes
• aprịko, wdg.

Ntinye ngwa oru ndi ozo di nma nke puru ibido oru n’ime onwa abali ano tupu eburu oche iji nyochaa ma obu mesie. N'ebe a, anyị na-ekwu maka ogbugba mmiri ala na ụzọ barium banye na eriri afọ.

N'ime ihe ndị ọzọ, a na-atụ aro ya, ọ bụrụ na enwere ohere dị otú a, ịkwụsị ịkwụsị ị medicationsụ ọgwụ na-adịgide na oche ma na-emetụta arụmọrụ nke ule. N'okwu mgbe ọ gaghị ekwe omume ị na-agbaso nkwanye dị otú ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ịga hụ dọkịta ma chọta usoro ka mma.

Amachibidoro ị medicinesụ ọgwụ nwere carbon, pilocarpine, bismuth.

Tupu ị gafee ule ndị ahụ, etinyeghị enemas na supal rectal, ka ị ghara ịgbanwe steeti mucosa na fecal ọtụtụ ma ghara inye nsonaazụ ụgha.

Iji chọpụta n'ụzọ ziri ezi ụkpụrụ maka trypsin na nwatakịrị, ekwesịrị ịrụ ezi nsu. kala. Usoro ahụ n'onwe ya na-emetụta iwu ụfọdụ:

• ịga ụlọ mposi maka ntakịrị mkpa kwesịrị tupu usoro ịdị ọcha. Nke a dị mkpa iji mee ka ihe fọdụụrụ mmamịrị kwụsị n'ihe ọmụmụ,
• Usoro mbubere mmiri na-ebu ụzọ adị ọcha site na iji akwa dị ọcha na mmiri dị luara luara luara. Anaghị eji mmiri mee nri. Mgbe oge ọbụla gachara, a na-eji mmiri dị ọcha sachaa akwa ahụ.
• A kwadebere arịa ndị na-adịghị mma tupu mmiri esi esi agwọ ha - ite, arịa ma ọ bụ efere. A naghị ekwe ka nyocha nke ịdaba na mposi ahụ n'ihi na ọ na-ejikọta microflora pathogenic biri na ndị ọzọ dị ndụ. Dịka usoro ọzọ, a na-ahapụ ya ka ọ dọpụta ihe nkiri nri n'ụlọ mposi, nke a na-ewere dị ka ngwaahịa a na-ewepu ọcha.
• ngwa ngwa nkwanye ugwu gafere, a na-ewere ihe dị ka gram ise nke mkpo ahụ site na mkpo ahụ, etinye ya na akpa nyocha, a na-emechi mkpuchi nke ya,
• A na-egosipụta data nke onye ọrịa na oge nnabata nke ihe ọmụmụ nke biomaterial na nyocha ụlọ nyocha. Ogologo oge nchekwa echekwa na friji anaghị agafe awa ise ma ọ bụ isii.

Kedu ihe na-ebute mbelata nke ọrụ trypsin?

Kedu ihe trypsin pụtara na feces na nwatakịrị, anyị chọpụtara. A na - ahụta nchọpụta nke enzymes n'ime ihe ndị dị ndụ, nke a gụnyere ya, taa dịka ihe na - adịghị ahụkebe, ebe ọ bụ na ọ na - agafe eriri afọ nke ha na - ejikwa mebie ma mgbidi ya ga-abanye.

Na mgbakwunye, a na-emepụta enzyme ndị dị otú ahụ site na akụkụ dị iche iche nke sistem nri, nke na-agbagọ nsonaazụ ule ikpeazụ. Mana, iji chọpụta arụmọrụ nke pancreas mgbe ọ gaghị ekwe omume iwere ọdịnaya duodenal, ha na-eji ụzọ ịchọpụta trypsin na feces.

Ọ bụrụ na trypsin nwatakịrị ahụ na feces nọ n'okpuru nkịtị, nke a nwere ike ịpụta ihe ndị a:

• mgbu na-adịghị ala ala,
• mmepe nke etuto ahụ na pancreas,
• ọrịa fibrocystic gland.

Yabụ, trypsin na feces - kedu ihe ọ bụ? Nke a bụ ụdị ngosipụta nke arụ ọrụ enzymatic dị na mbụ nke ihe na-eme nri, yana akwara ya. A na-atụle ntụpọ nke 1 ruo 40 dị ka ọkwa zuru oke nke trypsin na okwu fecal. Ihe ngosipụta niile karịrị uru a bụ ihe dị mma.

Ọ bụrụ na a na-ebelata ọkwa ahụ, dọkịta ahụ na-atụ aro ọrịa nje na pancreas.

Iji kpebie nchoputa ziri ezi, edepụtara nyocha zuru ezu, nke gụnyere nyocha ultrasound.

Trypsin Fecal Assay

Ọrụ kachasị mkpa nke trypsin bụ proteolysis, n'ihi nke mwepu polypeptides na protein n'ime amino acid na-apụta. Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke enzymes catalytic.

Trypsin tinyere lipase na amylase bụ enzymes kachasị mkpa nke na-enye nri nri dị elu. Na enweghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ha, a na-achọpụta mgbaze.

Trypsin nwekwara ọtụtụ ihe Njirimara:

• Na-akwalite mmelite anụ ahụ maka ọkụ
• Na-ebelata ịdị njọ nke usoro mkpali
• Ọ na-ekewa anụ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ, si otú a na-egbochi ntinye nke ngwaahịa necrosis n'ime mgbasa yana sistem
• Ọ na-enyere ndozi ọbara dị ngwa ngwa
• Na-eme ka usoro wepụ ewepụtụ pụọ
• Thuns oké nzuzo yana nzuzo
• Ọ na - eme ka ahụ dịkwuo n’ihu n’ihu ọnya afọ.

Ihe ngosi maka omumu

Site na nsonaazụ nyocha ahụ, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịchọpụta cystic fibrosis, nyochaa pancreas na ọrịa cancer, ụdị ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, yana trauma na pancreas, ọrịa shuga, ọrịa gallstone.

A na-atụ aro maka ọmụmụ maka afọ mgbu na mgbanwe n'ụdị mmegharị nke bowel (stool). Kwesịrị ikpebi ọkwa nke trypsin na ọgwụgwọ nke ịhoụbiga mmanya ókè, mgbe onye ọrịa ahụ kpebiri ibibi.

Enwere ike ịkwado nyocha ahụ maka ụmụaka, mgbe ịchọpụtasịrị ego nke trypsin na nsogbu dị na nwatakịrị, ọ ga-ekwe omume igosipụta ihe kpatara mmeghari afọ na-enweghị isi.

Nnwale ọrụ

A na-eme nnwale ndị na-esote nrụgide iji chọpụta ọnọdụ nke pancreas:

1. Nnwale nke glucoamylasemic.
2. Nnwale nke Proserin.
3. Nnwale Iodolipol.
4. Nnyocha nzuzo-pancreasimine.

A na-eme glucoamylasemic ule dị ka ndị a: chọpụta ọkwa amylase dị n'ọbara na afọ na-enweghị isi. Wee nye mmanu mmanu 50 g. Mgbe awa 3 gachara, a na-eme nyocha ọbara nke mmiri ọgwụ mmiri maka amylase - ọnụego ya na-ebili site na ihe na-erughị 25%. Site na mbufụt nke pancreas, ọ na-eto nke ukwuu, ugboro 4-5. Site n'ụdị nosological dị ka glandular sclerosis, mmụba amylase na-apụta ntakịrị.

Proserine bụ ihe choputterase inhibitor. Na-akwado mwepụta nke enzymes site n’akwara. Buru ụzọ kpebie ọkwa nke ihe oriri n’ime mmamịrị. Mgbe ahụ, a na-ahụ maka ọgwụ Prozerin. A na - achịkọta mmamịrị ọkara elekere maka nyocha mmiri. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, diastasis na-ebili site ugboro 1.6-1.8, mgbe awa abụọ gachara, ọkwa ya kwụsiri ike. N'ime ọrịa na-efe efe, ọ nwere ike ịrị elu site na ugboro 2-3 ma ọ naghị agbada ruo ogologo oge. Ọ bụrụ na gland na-enweta sclerotherapy, ya bụ, nnọchi nke anụ ahụ na - arụ ọrụ na - arụ ọrụ, mgbe ahụ, mmụba nke ọkwa enzymes fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ime.

Nnwale Iodolipol na-enye gị ohere inyocha ọrụ nke lipase. Mgbe utịchara n'ụtụtụ, onye ọrịa na-a ụ iodolipol. Ma mgbe elekere gachara, ma ọkara awa ọ bụla, a na-enyocha ọkwa nke iodides na mmamịrị. Ka otu elekere gachara, ayodiin fọdụrụ n’ime mmamịrị ekpebisiri ike.

A na-eme nnwale nzuzo-pancreasimine site na iji nyocha pụrụ iche. Nzuzo, homonụ na-akpali mmepụta enzymes, a na-abanye ya na intraven. Mgbe ahụ nchịkọta enzymes zoro n'ime oghere nke duodenum.

Nkwadebe maka iwebata feces maka nyocha

N’ụbọchị atọ tupu ọmụmụ ihe ahụ achọrọ, ọ bara uru ka ị mezue oriri nke ọgwụ enzymatic.

Ọ ga-adị gị mkpa ịnakọta mkpụkọ site na ite na-enweghị ntụ nke nwere ngaji pụrụ iche maka ịnakọta ihe ndị dị ndụ na okpu mkpuchi. Ekwesiri juju ite ahụ ihe kariri 1/3 nke olu ya.

Mgbe ị na-anakọta ihe, ọ dị mkpa ịwepụ mmamịrị na mwepu mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa n’ime akpa ahụ. Ekwesịrị inyefe ihe ndị ekpokọtara n'ụlọ nyocha ahụ n'otu ụbọchị ahụ. A kwesịrị idobe akpa ahụ na friza n'oge okpomọkụ 4-8.

Site na mbelata nke trypsin belatara, mmadụ nwere ike iche na ọnụnọ nke pathologies nke pancreas. Maka nchọpụta ahụ na-atụ aro ka a mụọ ọmụmụ nke ọma.

Kedu ihe bụpspsin n'ọbara ọbara na stool?

Trypsin bụ enzyme protein (enzyme) nke ngalaba exocrine nke pancreas zoro ezo.Na mbu, amuputa onye bu ya uzo na adighi ike, trypsinogen.

Ọ na-abanye duodenum 12, ebe a na-agbanye ya n'ọrụ n'ihi enzyme ọzọ, enterokinase, na ya.

A na-ahuta kemịkal chemical nke trypsin dị ka protein. Na omume, ana enweta ya site na ehi.

Ọrụ Trypsin

Ọrụ kachasị mkpa nke trypsin bụ proteolysis, i.e. nkenke nke protein na polypeptides n’ime obere obere - amino acid. Ọ bụ enzyme catalytic.

N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, ọ trypsin mebiri protein. A makwaara enzymes ndị ọzọ na-egbu egbu - lipase, bụ onye na-etinye aka na mgbaze nke abụba, na alfa-amylase, nke na-emebi carbohydrates. Amylase abụghị naanị enzyme pancreatic, a na-agwakọta ya na gland salivary, mana na obere.

Trypsin, amylase na lipase bụ ihe ndị kachasị mkpa na ngịkọ nri. Enweghị ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu n'ime ha, mgbaze nri na-emetụta ya nke ukwuu.

Na mgbakwunye na itinye aka na mgbaze, enzyme trypsin dị irè n'ịgwọ ọrịa dị iche iche:

• na-enyere aka belata mbufụt ke anụ ahụ,
• na-eme ngwangwa ọgwụgwọ nke oke oku, oke ọnya,
• nwee ike ikewapụ anụ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ ka ngwaahịa nke necrosis ghara banye n'ọbara ma mee ka egbu egbu,
• na-eme ka mmiri dị gịrịgịrị karịa, mmiri a na-amịkwu ọzọ
• na-eme ka mmanya na-egbochi
• na-enyere aka n'ịgwọ ọrịa nke ọrịa mbufụt fibrinous,
• na-eme ka mwepụ nke ọtụtụ purulent dị mma,
• na-enye nsogbu adịghị ike nke ọnya ọnụ,

Na steeti adịghị arụ ọrụ, ogige a bụ nke ọma.

Ihe ngosi na contraindications

Ebe ọ bụ napspsin nwere akụrụngwa na-agwọ ọrịa, a na-eji ya maka imepụta ọgwụ.

Dị ka ọgwụ ọ bụla ọzọ na - arụ ọrụ nke ọgwụ ọ bụla, ojiji nke trypsin nwere ihe ngosi ya na contraindications.

Mgbe ị na-eji ọgwụ ndị nwere ọgwụ trypsin, aga-ahụta ndụmọdụ nke dọkịta ahụ na ntuziaka maka ị theụ ọgwụ ahụ.

1. Amorphous - enwere ike iji ya naanị mpaghara (na oke anụahụ).
2. Nkịtị - na-abịa n'ụdị nke ntụ ntụ na-acha ọcha-edo edo, na-enweghị isi njirimara. A na-eji ya ma mpaghara ya ma maka nchịkwa intramuscular.

Trypsin dị n'okpuru aha dị iche iche: “Pax-trypsin”, “Teridekase”, “Ribonuclease”, “Asperase”, “Lizoamidase”, “Dalcex”, “Profesim”, “Irukson”. Ekwesịrị ịchekwa nkwadebe niile na nkụ, ọchịchịrị na-enweghị oke ogo iri.

Ihe ngosi maka ojiji bu:

• ọrịa mbufụt nke ngụgụ na okporo ụzọ (bronchitis, oyi baa, exudative pleurisy),
• ọrịa bronchiectatic (ọnụnọ nke nnukwu ịgbatị na bronchi),
• ọrịa ahụ ewepụtara n'ọku na ọnya
• ọnya na-ala ala nke isi etiti (otitis media),
• mbufụt nke ihu na ihu ala,
• ure okpukpu aru (osteomyelitis),
• oria oge
• mgbochi nke kanaal lacrimal,
• mbu irishi
• nsogbu ọnya
• nsogbu n'ihi ịwa ahụ n'anya.

Ihe mgbochi iji ojiji nke trypsin bụ:

1. Mmeghachi omume nfụkasị na trypsin.
2. Iri ikuku nke ume, mụba ama.
3. Ezughị oke ọrụ ọrụ.
4. Dystrophic na mkpali na-agbanwe imeju.
5. Erkwara nta
6. Ọrịa akụrụ.
7. Ọrịa akwara na-emegharị ahụ.
8. Imebi coagulation na usoro anticoagulation.
9. Usoro mmekpa ahụ n’ime akụrụ (jade).
10. Hemorrhagic diathesis.

Kedu ihe ọghọm dị na ya mgbe ị jisịrị trypsin?

• allergies
• obi palp,
• acha ọbara ọbara na mgbu mgbe ọnya intramuscular
• ọbara mgbali.

Na mgbakwunye, ịda ụda olu onye ọrịa nwere ike ịpụta.

Ntuziaka maka iji ọgwụ ahụ

Mgbe etinyere ya na elu maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọnya akọrọ ma ọ bụ ọnya nke nwere anụ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ, a na-eji comppsin impregnated compresses.

Iji mee nke a, ịkwesịrị igbari 50 mg nke enzyme nkwadebe na 50 mg nke salio physiological (sodium chloride, ma ọ bụ 0.9% saline).

A na-ejikarị kpochapụ okpukpu atọ dị iche iche.

Mgbe itinyechara mkpakọ ahụ, a na-etinye ya na bandeeji ma hapụ ya ruo awa iri abụọ na anọ.

Nlekọta intramuscular A na-agwakọta 5 mg nke trypsin na 1-2 ml nke saline, lidocaine ma ọ bụ novocaine. N'ime ndị okenye, a na-eme inje ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị, maka ụmụaka - naanị otu ugboro.

Iji intraplera mee ihe. Mgbe iwebata ọgwụ ahụ, ị ​​gaghị anọ n'otu ọnọdụ ahụ ogologo oge, n'ihi na nke a na-eme ka o sie ike ịefụ nzuzo. Ọtụtụ mgbe, mgbe ụbọchị abụọ gasịrị, ihe nzuzo a na-apụta site na mmiri mmiri.

Ngwa inhalation. A na - ebu ụzọ were adọta Trypsin were ọgwụ inhaler ma ọ bụ brachoscope. Mgbe usoro ahụ gachara, ọ ka mma iji mmiri ọkụ saa imi ma ọ bụ n'ọnụ gị (ọ dabere n'otú esi rụọ usoro ahụ).

Na ụdị anya na-ada. Ọ dị ha mkpa iji mmiri na-asa mmiri kwa awa 6-8 maka ụbọchị 3.

Njirimara nke iji trypsin:

1. A machibidoro Trypsin itinye aka na ọnya ọbara ọgbụgba.
2. Enweghị ike ịgwọ ọrịa cancer, karịsịa na ọnya anụ ahụ.
3. Ejighị ya intravenia.
4. Mgbe ị na-elebara ụmụaka anya, a na-ahazi otu atụmatụ.
5. Womenmụ nwanyị dị ime ma ọ bụ na-ete nwa kwesịrị ị thisụ ọgwụ a naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ihe ọ bụla dị ọnwụ ya ma ọ bụ ọnwụ nwa ebu n'afọ dị oke mkpa.

Pharmacokinetics, i.e. Emebeghị ịmụ banyere ọgwụ na ahụ. A na - amata na mgbe nkịta batara n'ahụ ahụ, trypsin na - ejikọ alfa-macroglobulins na alfa-1-antitrypsin (ihe na-egbochi ya).

Nyocha Ọgwụ

Ugbu a, enwere ọtụtụ ọnụọgụ nyocha dị mma banyere ọgwụ ndị nwere trypsin. Karịsịa obosara nke ngwa ya na ophthalmology. Site na ya, ọbara ọgbụgba, adhesions, mkpali na usoro nke ọrịa nke iris ka a na-agwọ, n'ihi na ọrịa ndị a na-anọghị na usoro ọgwụgwọ zuru oke nwere ike ibute ìsì na-enweghị mgbagha. Ọ dị oke mma ijikọta na ọgwụgwọ nke enzyme na ọgwụ antiallergic, ọgwụ nje, homonụ, ọgwụ glaucoma, nke na-abawanye ụba ọnụego anụ ahụ.

Trypsin nyere aka belata ọrịa ọrịa nkwonkwo, dịka ọrịa ogbu na nkwonkwo, polyarthritis, ogbu na nkwonkwo, na ọrịa rheumatic. Ọ na - ewepụ ihe mgbu, na - egbochi mbuze, na - eweghachi mmeghari zuru oke.

Site na mmerụ ahụ dị ukwuu, ihe dị omimi, nkụ, enzyme ahụ na-enye ohere, ntakịrị, iji belata ọdịmma mmadụ niile, wee nwekwuo ọgwụgwọ.

Ọnụ ego nkezi nke nkwadebe trypsin na Russia sitere na 500 rubles.

Trypsin na nyocha

N'ime ọbara, a na-ekpebi ihe a na-akpọ 'immunoreactive "trypsin yana ihe na-egbochi ihe ọ na-eme - alfa-1-antitrypsin. Ọnụego trypsin bụ 1-4 μmol / ml.min. Ọba nwere ike hụrụ na nnukwu mbufụt nke pancreas, oncological usoro na ya, ya na cystic fibrosis, ala akụrụ odida, na nwekwara ike na-eso ụzọ nke malitere ịrịa ọrịa. Mbelata nke enzyme ahụ nwere ike igosi ụdị ọrịa shuga 1 nke ọrịa mellitus, ma ọ bụ ọrịa ndị a dị n'elu, mana n'ụdị na-adịghị ala ala na nke ikpeazụ.

Na mgbakwunye na nyocha ọbara, a na-enyekarị ndị ọrịa usoro nyocha. Tupu ọmụmụ a, a naghị akwado ọgwụ mgbochi 3 maka ụbọchị 3. Mgbe amabataghị trypsin na feces nwere ike ọgaghị achọpụta. Nke a na - abụkarị ihe ịrịba ama nke usoro akwara cystic na pancreas. A na-ahụta mbelata nke ukwuu na ya na cystic fibrosis, mana nke a apụtaghị na egosipụtara nchoputa ahụ, yana ọmụmụ ihe ndị ọzọ achọrọ iji dokwuo anya. Ugbu a, ekwenyere na mkpebi siri ike nke trypsin na feces na-egosi na ọ nweghị ihe ọ bụla.

Enyere ozi di nkenke banyere trypsin na enzymes ndị ọzọ na vidiyo n'isiokwu a.

Gosiputa shuga gi ma obu hota okike maka ntuziaka

Udiri na trypsin

Mgbaze nri bidoro n’oghere a na-ekwu okwu n’ime ọnụ, ebe a na-egwe ya egwepịa ma mee ka ọ na-eme nri ruo mgbe a na-etolite ụzarị mmụọ. Enwere ike idozi nri esighi ike n'ụzọ zuru oke site n'ahụ ya n'ụdị gbanwetụrụ nke obere, na-ebute mmebi nke nnabata nri. Na mgbakwunye, nri ezughị ezu na-akpata ịba ụba nke afọ, nke nwere ike ibute afọ ọsịsa na mmepe nke endogenous alimentary dystrophy.

Saliva bụ ụcha adịghị acha uhie uhie, nke nwere ntakịrị ntakịrị, obere mmiri alkaline mmeghachi omume. Ọ mejupụtara mmiri nke nnu dị iche iche, ụfọdụ ihe ndị dị ndụ, ptyalin (amylase) na obere maltose

Amylase na-emebi steepụ nri n'ime erythro- na achrodextrins, nke na-atụgharị (n'okpuru otu enzyme ahụ) disaccharide maltose, nke agbajikwa n'okpuru ọrụ nke enzyme maltose na glucose. Omume nke amylase na-aga n’ihu n’ime afọ ruo mgbe nri juju n’ime ihe acidic nke afọ. Mgbe nkeji 20-30 gachara nri mgbe afọ riri nri, afọ nke ptyalin na mpaghara acidic kwụsịrị. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, steepụ etoola ka ihe niile agbanwere na dextrins na maltose.

N'ime afọ, nri na-abanyekwu usoro ọrụ na usoro nke mmiri ọ juiceụ gastụ gastric.

Hydrochloric acid nke ihe ọricụricụ gastric na-agbanwe ala nke protein na eriri osisi, na-akwadebe ha maka mgbaze ọzọ. N'ihi nke a, fibrin, collagen na connective anụ ahụ na-agbari n'okpuru ikike nke pepsin. A na-ewepụta akwara dị n’afọ n’afọ site na mkpokọta akwara na -akpacha akwara ma na-eyi nkọcha, n’ihi nke nje dị na ya na-apụ n’anya na mbụ, ọnụ nke eriri ndị ahụ na-agbakwa. Na ọnọdụ a, ọtụtụ akwara akwara na-abanye duodenum.

N'okpuru mmetụta hydrochloric acid nke afọ, eriri nke na-akpụzi akpụkpọ ahụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ na-eto ọzaza na nwanyị.

Ogologo oge mgbaze na afọ na-adabere na oke nri. Ihe oriri bara ụba na carbohydrates na-abanye eriri afọ ngwa ngwa, nri protein na-eji nwayọọ, na nri ndị nwere abụba na-arapara na afọ ruo ogologo oge.

Nri mmiri ara ehi, nke nwere lactose, nke na-eme ka mmiri dị n’ime ala, gafere ngwa ngwa nri. Liquids nwere ike banye n’ime afọ ahụ n’afọ, ndị na-ekpo ọkụ na-agafere ngwa ngwa karịa nke oyi. Na nkezi, nri dị na afọ site na awa 1.5 ruo ise, yana nnukwu ọnụọgụ - ruo awa 6-8.

N'ime duodenum, nri enzymes nke pancreatic na ihe nsị na-egbuchasị ihe na-eme ka nri gbasaa. Enzymes ndị dị na nzuzo nke duodenum na-enwe ike imebi ihe nri dị iche iche ọbụlagodi na ha edebeghị nke ọma maka mgbaze na ọkwa ndị gara aga (na oghere ọnụ na afọ). Ya mere, ntụgharị nke nri na duodenum dị mkpa maka mgbaze na ịmịkọrọ.

Tripsin nke ihe ọ pancụ pancụ pancreatic na-agbari akwara akwara ngwa ngwa, ma na-esighi ike na-emetụta ụbụrụ collagen na akwara njikọ (akwara, akwara, klaasị, wdg). Alfa-chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, A- na B-elastase na-etinye aka na hydrolysis nke protein na-abanye na amino acids na-etinye.

Lipase na ọnụnọ nke bile acid na-agbaji triglycerides (abụba na-anọpụ iche) n'ime glycerin na acids acids (palmitic, oleic, stearic). Akpukpo acids na alkaline nke ihe di n’ime duodenum, n’okpuru nke bile acid, gha aburu ihe buru ibu n’ime soaps a na-ejighi agbanye, a na-agbari wee ma banye. N'okpuru omume nke amylase ihe ọ pancụ pancụ nke pancreatic, polysaccharides bụ hydrolyzed iji mepụta maltose.

Bile na - akwalite ihe nke amylase, trypsin, na karịsịa lipase (oge 15-20) nke ihe ọ pancụ pancụ pancreatic. Na mgbakwunye, bile na -emepụta emulsions abụba na-adịgide adịgide, nke na-emepụta ọnọdụ kachasị mma maka ịme lipase. Bile acid na-akwalite mgbasa nke acid ọdụdụ na nnabata nke ngwaahịa mgbaze. Bile nwere mmetụta inhibitory na pepsin nke ihe ọricụricụ afọ, yana ya na pancreatic na ude mmiri ọ na - egbochi chyme acidic na - abịa site na afọ, nke a na - egbochi mbibi nke trypsin n'okpuru mmetụta nke pepsin.

Ihe nzuzo nke mucosa eriri afọ n'oge mgbaze na-ewe ihe ruru awa 8. Otu n’ime enzymes nke ihe ọ intestụinalụ afọ bụ peptidases, nke na-akụri polypeptides na peptones n’ime amino acid. Enzymes ndị a gụnyere leucine aminopeptidase, bụ ndị na-ekpocha nsị amino acid Nh3-terminal. Ya mere, n’ime eriri afọ, a na-ejikọ protein n’ime mmiri n’etiti amino acid na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ, nke a na-anabata ngwa ngwa. Ihe ọ juiceụ Theụ nke eriri afọ nwekwara ihe dị n’ime akwara na-akụda akwara nucleic na polynucleic acid:

• β-fructofuranosidase (invertase, sucrose), nke na-akụda β-D-fructofuranosides, gụnyere sucrose, banye glucose na D-fructose,
• β-galactosidase (lactase), nke na-akụda lactase ka ọ bụrụ glucose na galactose,
• maltase eriri afọ, nke na-akụda maltose.

Na ihe ọ theụ theụ eriri afọ bụ nnukwu lipase, yana enterokinase - enzyme enzyme. Ọ na - atụgharị n'ọrụ enzyme trypsinogen na-adịghị arụ ọrụ n'ime trypsin nọ n'ọrụ.

Ihe dị ezigbo mkpa na usoro mgbaze bụ imi, nke bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke ihe ọ intestụ intestụ afọ. Mgbasa ozi enzyme n'elu ya, imi na-akwalite omume ha. Mgbaze n’ime obere eriri afọ na-ewe awa 4-5. N’oge a, ihe nri niile na - emebi mmiri site na enzymes nke imeju na - ebute mmiri hydrolysis nke si na ya pụta. Na obere ntakịrị, mmịpụta na-emekwa n’afọ, ebe enwere ike ịbedụ mmiri, mmanya, glucose na nnu mmiri.

N’ime ntụgharị nke obere eriri afọ n’ime eriri afọ bụ pulp muscle, nke nọ na ọnọdụ oge mgbatị. Oge ntụrụndụ ya na-enye aka na ntinye nke chyme na obere akụkụ n'ime eriri afọ, ebe a na - agwakọta ya n'oge emegharị nri. Ihe nzuzo nke mucosa na-achị achị nwere peptidase, nuclease, amylase, β-fructofuranosidase (sucrose) maltase, β-galactosidase (lactase) na enzymes ndị ọzọ.

Ntinye ihe na-edozi ahụ n’ime eriri afọ n’ime obere ihe, na n’ime eriri afọ dị ya ka ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nweghị. Na cecum na akụkụ nke mmiri na-efe efe na-abanye mmiri ruo 90%.

Ahụ ọkụ a na-ahụkarị nwere mgbagha ma ọ bụ obere alkaline, na-enwe stercobilin (hydrobilirubin), na-agbanwe akwara niile, akụrụngwa mkpụrụ, ncha, ọnụnọ nke enweghị abuba nke acid ga-ekwe omume. Enweghị abụba na-anọpụ iche. Na mgbakwunye, feces nwere mgbasa, phenol, indole, leucine, coproeterin (site na cholesterol), purine base (guanine, adenine, wdg), nnu nnu insoluble nke sodium, calcium, magnesium na phosphate iron, yana ihe nke mucosa eriri afọ (epithelium) , mucin) na nje, nke Escherichia coli na enterococcus na-akachasị mma.

Etu

Ọmụmụ banyere feces bụ ihe dabara adaba ka emee mgbe nri nwalere usoro achụrụ onye ọrịa. Nri ndi kariri bu Schmidt na Pevzner.

Nri Schmidt: 1-1.5 l nke mmiri ara ehi, àkwá sie 2-3 nke ọma, 125 g nke anụ ghere eghe, 200-250 g nke nduku bekee, ofe anụ mucous (40 g nke oatmeal), 100 g achịcha ọcha ma ọ bụ crackers. 50 g mmanụ. Uru ike - 10467 kJ. Site na iji digestion nkịtị, ahụghị ihe odide nke ide na feces ahụghị.

Nri Pevzner: 400 g achịcha, 200 g nke ojii na ha, 250 g nke anụ eghe, 100 g nke bọta, 40 g shuga, buckwheat na osikapa osikapa, poteto a ghere eghe, karọt, letus, sauerkraut, mkpụrụ osisi a mịrị amị, apụl ọhụrụ. Uru ike - 13607 kJ.

A na-ahọrọ nri dị na nke ọ bụla na-eburu n'uche ọnọdụ nke akụkụ nri nke onye ọrịa na nri a na-emebu. Nri Pevzner na-enye nnukwu ibu na ngwa nri ma yabụ na-enyere aka ịchọpụta nsị nke digesive ọbụna obere obere. Nri Schmidt - eji aka nri, eji ya mee ihe ebe nri Pevzner na-ewe oke iwe. N'otu oge nri, a na-enye onye ọrịa ahụ ihe ọ bụla na-enweghị ụcha (carbalene, carmine) a na-enyocha ya maka ọdịdị ya na feces.

A ga-anakọta mkpụkọ na efere dị ọcha, ọkacha mma iko, ma ọ bụ na iko nwere waxed. Ọ bụ ihe anabataghị iziga feces maka nyocha n'ime igbe na igbe kaadi, ebe ọ bụ na n'ọnọdụ a, a na-enweta mmiri site na feces n'ime mpempe akwụkwọ ahụ, ya na-agbanwe agbanwe nwere ike gbanwee. Ọ dị mkpa ịmụ feces na-erughi elekere 8-12 mgbe ikewapụ ya, ebe ọ bụ na n'okpuru mmetụta nke microorganisms na enzymes mgbanwe nwere ike ime na ya. Ọ kachasị mma ịtụle feces nwetara site na mmebi onwe ya, na-enweghị nsogbu (mmamịrị, barium chloride, abụba, mmiri mgbe enema, wdg). A na-etinye ifesa n'ime fume hood ma ọ bụ ụlọ nwere ikuku dị mma, ebe a kwadebere maka nyocha.

A na-enyocha Feces macroscopically, microscopically, chemically na bacteriologically.

Ihe ngosi Coprogram

N'ime ụmụaka na ndị okenye, n'ọmụmụ banyere feces, a na-ekpebi ihe ndị a:

• eriri anụ ahụ - akụkụ aka nri anụ,
• anụ ahụ jikọrọ ọnụ - ihe sitere na anụmanụ,
• Abụba na-anọpụ iche - nsị nke ngwaahịa nwere abụba,
• abuba abuba - nke mere na igwu nri nke abuba.
• mkpụrụ osisi - a na - egbu ahịhịa na akpụkpọ ahụ mkpụrụ ndụ,
• steepụ - nke a na-ahụ n'ime nri osisi, ma ọ bụrụ nke enzymes pancreatic na-agbaji,
• sel sel epithelial (elu) na ọnya na - ahụkarị site na glands nke mgbidi eriri afọ n'oge mbufụt,
• mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara ọcha - sel ndị na - alụso ọrịa ọgụ na-agbakọta na mgbado nke mbufụt,
• mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie - sel sel ọbara
• sterkobilin - ngwaahịa nke ikpeazụ neutralization nke bilirubin na-abanye na lumen nke eriri afọ na bile, nwere agba aja aja, nke na-ekpebi agba nke feces,
• bilirubin - ihe mejupụtara imeju na wepụta site na biliary tract n'ime eriri afọ,
• iodophilic flora - ụmụ irighiri ihe nke nwere anya pụrụ iche ma mekwa ka gbaa ụka na eriri afọ,
• protozoa, dịkwa ka usoro, akwa ajị - ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa nje.

Nkịtị coprogram na-egosi na ụmụaka na ndị okenye

Na onuzu nke onodu ihe omuma nke chemical, usoro di ka ndi a:

• sterkobilin 200 - 600 mg / ụbọchị (dị ka Adler) ma ọ bụ 30 - 100 mg / ụbọchị (dị ka Terven) si kwuo.
• ruru urobilin na sterkobilin (ọnụọgụ Adler) site na 1:10 ruo 1:30,
• ngụkọta nitrogen 2 - 2,5 n / ụbọchị,
• sucrose - ruo 300 U / g,
• trypsin - ruru 670 U / g,
• lipase - ruo 200 U / g,
• amylase - ruru 600 U / g,
• enterokinase - aka 20 U / g,
• alkaline phosphatase - ruo 150 U / g,
• trypsin 80 - 742 g / ụbọchị,
• chymotrypsin 75 - 839 g / ụbọchị.

Deviations si ụkpụrụ

Tupu ị gafere na nyocha nke microscopic na biochemical nke feces, onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ nyocha ga-achọpụta ọdịdị na njirimara ya.

• Oké nnukwute nri bụ ihe na-egosi afọ afọ, mmiri mmiri bụ ihe mgbaàmà nke afọ na afọ ọsịsa.
• N’iru ezughi oke ọrụ dị mma n’ime anụ ahụ, enwere nnukwu abụba n’agaghị eme, yabụ ha na-ete mmanụ.
• Ihe na-emetụta mmiri n’ime eriri afọ bụ mgbaàmà nke dyspepsia fermentative.
• Ọ bụrụ na ihe maka coprogram bụ obere okirikiri okirikiri - nke a bụ ihe a na-akpọ feces atụrụ. A na-ahụ ya n'oge ibu ọnụ, spastic colitis, hemorrhoids.
• Ahụ ọkụ n'ụdị nke teepu ma ọ bụ eriri ogologo na-abụkarị akara nke eriri afọ.
• N'ikpeazụ, a na-ahụ akwa ndị dị ọcha n'ime ọrịa na-efe efe.

Mgbanwe na agba nke feces nwere ike ime na iji ụfọdụ nri ma ọ bụ ọgwụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, beets). Ahụ ọkụ na-acha odo odo na nwa n’arụ nri mmadụ bụ ihe dịkarịsịrị njọ site n’omume nke ngwakọta eji eme ihe, ọkachasị, ihe ndị dị n’ime ya.

N'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, ha na-eje ozi dị ka ihe ịrịba ama nke ọnọdụ ọrịa ma ọ bụ atụmatụ nri:

• ejighi: jaundice mgbochi,
• ojii: ọbara ọgbụgba n’afọ ma ọ bụ obere eriri afọ, na-a drugsụ ọgwụ nje bismuth,
• edo edo: fermentative dyspepsia
• ọbara ọbara na-acha ọbara ọbara: ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ọbara, yana ojiji nke koko.
• ojii akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ: iji ngwaahịa ndị nwere iron,
• akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ: ihe oriri na-eme ka ihe ọkụkụ, na-eme ka ihe dịkwuo elu
• odo oroma: nri mmiri ara ehi.

N'ihe banyere nsogbu nri digestive, deviations na microscopic results nke coprogram ga-ekwe omume:

• Oria akwara: ọdịdị nke akwara ike. A na-ahụ ya site na mbelata nke mmiri ọ gastụ gastụ gastric, pancreatitis na-adịghị ala ala, enteritis, colitis, afọ ntachi, yana usoro nke ire ere na gbaa ụka na eriri afọ.
• Idị m steatorrhea: ọdịdị dị na stool nke abụba na-anọpụ iche. Ọ na - eme site na ezughi oke nke pancreas (pancreatitis, okwute ma ọ bụ akpụ nke ma ọ bụ sphincter nke Oddi).
• Atordị steator nke II: ọdịdị nke asịd na ncha nke nwere ọdụdụ, ikekwe ya na gallbladder dyskinesia na enteritis.
• Atordị steator III nwere njiri mara na feces nke ụdị abụba niile dị n'elu. Ọ na-etolite na cystic fibrosis, ọrịa celiac, enteropathy exudative, lymphogranulomatosis, ọrịa Addison. Ndị a bụ ọrịa siri ike nke chọrọ ọgwụgwọ ogologo oge.
• Amilorrhea: ọdịdị nke stachi na feces. Nọmalị, a na - ebibi ya site na enzymes nke salivary na pancreas. Amylorrhea na-eme ya na pancreatitis, sialitis, ọrụ moto na-arụ ọrụ nke obere eriri afọ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, yana afọ ọsịsa.
• Lientorrhea: ọdịdị dị na stool nke anụ ahụ njikọ. Ọ na-etolite na pathology nke afọ, pancreas, afọ ọsịsa.
• Mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara ọcha: mmụba n'ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ndị a na-egosi mbufụt nke eriri afọ - enteritis ma ọ bụ colitis, ọkachasị, nke ọdịdị nje.
• Mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie nke dị na oche ala na-apụta na ọnya, nraze, ọnyụnyụ na salmonellosis, mmeghachi omume dị mma maka ọbara anwansi nwere ike ịbụ akara mbụ nke ọrịa ma ọ bụ ụkwara nta. N'ọtụtụ mba, mmadụ niile gafere nyocha afọ iri ise. Agbanyeghị, enweghị ọbara anaghị ewepụ ọnọdụ ndị a dị ize ndụ.
• Mucus: ọ bụrụ na ọ na-enwo enwu, dị oke, na-edina n'elu feces, nke a bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ọnya afọ ma ọ bụ afọ ntachi. Ọbara ọgbụgba na-apụta na ọnya afọ, ọnyụnyụ ọbara na ọrịa kansa.
• pH: ịgbanwee n'akụkụ alkaline bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mbufụt na usoro nri, mpaghara alkaline dị nkọ bụ ngosipụta nke usoro mmebi ahụ. PH na-agagharị n'akụkụ acid n'oge ịgba ụka, dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ihi ọrịa malabsorption (na-emetụta nri dị na eriri afọ).
• Mmụba dị na ọnụọgụ Adler ka 1: 5 - 1: 1 - 3: 1 ga-ekwe omume na ọrịa ịba ọcha n'anya na ọrịa imeju ndị ọzọ, na mbelata ya na 1: 300 - 1: 1000 ka a na-ahụ na hemolytic jaundice.
• Iodophilic flora (dịka ọmụmaatụ, clostridia) na - eso dysbiosis na usoro ịgba ụka na eriri afọ.
• A na-ahụ ụlọ anụ dị na candidiasis, protozoa na ọnyụnyụ na ọgwụ nje ndị ọzọ, nsen na akụkụ ahụ nke ikpuru - na ọrịa ndị kwekọrọ.

Syndromes Coprologic

Otutu mgbe na coprogram enwere uzo nke otutu egosi n'otu mgbe. E nwere njikọ dị iche iche nke ọghọm ndị dị otú a, nke ebumnuche dịgasị iche na-akpata ma na-akpọ syndromes coprological. Etechọpụta n’oge a na-achọpụta usoro nzuzo nke ọrịa a na - enyere dọkịta aka ime nchọpụta ziri ezi.

1. Ọrịa ọnya metụtara ọrịa nke ezé, goms, glandvurv. N’ihi ọrịa ndị a, mmadụ agaghị ata nri nke ọma, jiri mmiri na-edozi ya, ọ naghịkwa ara n’oghere ahụ. Nkpirisi microscopy na-ekpughe njiri mara - ihe ndị na-ezighi ezi nke nri na-enweghị nsogbu.
2. Ọrịa Gastrogenic na-arịa ọrịa nke afọ na pancreas, tumadi atrophic gastritis na ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala na arụ ọrụ enzymatic belatara. Na coprogram, a na-ahụkarị mmeghachi nke alkaline, creatorrhea, lientorea, salts (oxalates), ọnụnọ nke microorganisms ga-ekwe omume.
3. Ọrịa Pyloroduodenal na-etolite na arụ ọrụ nke afọ na duodenum, ọtụtụ mgbe na-arịa dyskinesia. Ejiri mara ya na creatorrhea, lientorrhea, mmeghachi alkaline dị ntakịrị.
4. Ahụhụ pancreatic na-amalite na nnukwu ọrịa pancreatitis, duodenitis, opisthorchiasis. Mgbaze nke abụba na protein na-akpaghasị. N'ihi ya, a na-ahụta ụcha na-acha odo odo na ọnụọgụ mmiri dị iche iche, ụdị m steatorrhea, na creatorrhea na coprogram.

Na enweghi nsogbu na mmepe nke ebe ihe na-abu aru, dyskinesia ha, cholangitis, cholecystitis, gallstone, bulele nke ezughi oke na-abanye n’ime eriri afo kwesiri maka mgbaze nke abuba. Na nyocha nke feces, a na-ahụta ụdị II steatorrhea. Bilirubin dị na bile anaghị abanye na eriri afọ, ọ tụgharịghị gaa na sterkobilin ma ọ nweghị ntụpọ. N'akụkụ a, feces na-aghọ isi awọ. Mgbanwe ndị ahụ na-apụta na ọrịa imeju n'ihi ịba ọcha n'anya.

Na nnukwu ọrịa eriri afọ, obere eriri afọ na-ata ahụhụ, a na-ekpebikwa ọrịa ịbanye na kọlịflawa. Ejiri mara ya na ọnụnọ nke epithelium, protein, ụdị steatorrhea II. Na stool bụ mmiri mmiri, edo edo, na-enweghị ahụ ọrịa.

Ọ bụrụ na usoro na-efe efe na-emetụta ntụgharị obere obere eriri afọ na nnukwu eriri afọ na enterocolitis amalite, na coprogram kpebisiri ike lintorrhea, amilorrhea, sel ọbara ọcha, sel ọbara ọbara, iodophilic flora. Ahụ ọkụ ndị ahụ bụ mmiri mmiri, nke ụfụfụ, na-enwe isi uto na mmiri nke imi.

Mgbe ihe metụtara akụkụ ahụ dị iche iche emetụtala ya, ọ ga-apụta ọrịa ihe na-apụ apụ. Ọ na - apụta na ọnyụnyụ ọbara, salmonellosis, nje na nje ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ nje akụkụ nje na-efe efe. Ole feces pere mpe ("fesal spray"), ha bụ mmiri mmiri, yana imi.

Kedu dọkịta ịkpọtụrụ

Iji mee nyocha nyocha, ọ dị mkpa ịkpọtụrụ onye na-agwọ ọrịa ma ọ bụ eriri afọ. Na omume ha, ndị dọkịta na-awa ahụ, ndị ọrịa na-ahụ maka ọrịa ara, ndị dọkịta na-agwọ ọrịa na ndị dọkịta n'ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-eji coprogram ma ọ bụ ihe ngosi ya n'otu n'otu. Ọ bụrụ na achọpụtara mgbanwe na nyocha nke feces, edepụtara nyocha ọzọ - ultrasound, endoscopic ụzọ, tomography na ndị ọzọ.

Pediatrician E.O. Komarovsky na-ekwu maka nyocha nke feces na ụmụaka (lee site na 1: 20 min.):

Mgbe edepụtara nyocha

Ọbụlagodi otu ugboro na ndụ ha ha gafere feest maka nyocha. Ihe na-akpata ya nwere ike bụrụ mkpesa ndị ọrịa yana mkpa maka nyocha ahụike.

Ahụhụ na-apụ n'anya ọnụnọ nke diski diski n'oge mmeri nke ala ala na nke elu nke eriri afọ:

• ogologo oge ọgbụgbọ
• flatulence
• bloating
• afọ ntachi
• afọ ọsịsa
• belching na vomiting
• ihe mgbu na otube na tinyere eriri afọ.

Maka nyocha a na-eme kwa ụbọchị, ọ dị mkpa iji:

• na-ebi nwa oge nwa oge na ụlọ mbikọ,
• kwa afọ, nnyocha ụmụaka n'ụlọ akwụkwọ,
• maka ndebanye nke asambodo asambodo nke steeti,
• maka nnabata ụlọ ọrụ Sanatorium, ogige ntụrụndụ ụmụaka na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ọnọdụ ibikọ ọnụ.

Nkwadebe nyocha

Bọchị ole na ole tupu ule ahụ, ịkwesịrị ịkwadebe. Nke a mejupụtara na isoro usoro nri na ịzụta arịa kwesịrị ekwesị.

Ọtụtụ ụbọchị (ụbọchị 3-4), ọ bara uru ilekọta nri gị. Ahụ mmadụ kwesịrị ịnata naanị nri nri nwere ezi nguzozi nke protein, abụba na carbohydrates.

Ọ dị mma izere iri nri ndị ahụ na-ebute mgbanwe nke agba, sọzị ma ọ bụ afọ ọsịsa, ire ọkụ:

• mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ
• beets
• kefir
• mmiri ara ehi
• ọka
• azụ asa
• plums na aprịkọt na ndị ọzọ.

Ọ bụrụ na a na-anwale nnwale iji chọpụta ọbara zoro ezo, mgbe ahụ nri ekwesịghị ịgụnye:

• obi
• imeju
• oke bekee
• anụ ehi
• ụbụrụ
• ventricles
• ntị
• ngụgụ
• asụsụ
• anụ ezi, anụ atụrụ, ọkụkọ.

Shouldzọ ndị ọzọ ga - esi mee nnukwu eriri afọ ga - ebu ụzọ were ụbọchị anọ tupu nnwale ahụ, ma ọ bụ mgbe ọ gachara. Nke a metụtara ịdọdoscopy na ụzọ barium banye na nnukwu eriri afọ.

Ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-ekwe omume, kwusi nkwadebe, nke foduru nke ka dị na feces ma gbanwee akụrụngwa nke ndị ikpeazụ. Ọ bụrụ na kagbuo agaghị ekwe omume, ị kwesịrị ịkpọtụrụ dọkịta gị ma rute mkpebi ga-akacha baara gị uru. Ihe contraindicated iji ọgwụ nwere ihe ndị a:

Ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịme ntọala nke enemas na supaliseries tupu nyocha, n'ihi na nke a ga-emetụta ọdịnaya nke mmiri mucous na feces ma nwee ike ịnye nsonaazụ ụgha ma ọ bụ obi abụọ.

Usoro Nchịkwa Fense

Usoro a na-ahụ maka etu esi esi nweta feces chọrọ iwu na ụfọdụ iwu.

Gaa n’ụlọ mposi “ntakịrị” ihe ịchọrọ tupu ịdị ọcha nke akụkụ ahụ nke anụ ahụ. Ebe ọ bụ na irighiri akwara na-abanye na feces, na mmiri ọgwụ ahụ ga-ewulite ajụjụ n’ụzọ doro anya site na ndị na-enyere ụlọ nyocha na dọkịta aka.

Tupu mmerụ ahụ, ọ bara uru ịhazi usoro ịdị ọcha nke akụkụ ahụ nke akụkụ ahụ na perineum. A na-eme mmiri ọcha site na iji rags dị ọcha na mmiri dị ọcha na-enweghị ihe nhicha kemịkal ọzọ.

Sachaa uzo site na ahihia rue akuku. N'oge nke ọ bụla, kpoo akwa ahụ ma sachaa na mmiri dị ọcha. Usoro a bụ n'ihi iwu nke aseptic-antiseptik. Ebe ọ bụ na a na-eme nhicha ọ bụla site na ebe dị ọcha gaa na ditier iji gbochie mmalite nke ahịhịa ndị ọzọ na-efe efe.

Kwadebe efere dị ọcha pụrụ iche, were mmiri oyi were mmiri were gwọọ ya. O nwere ike ịbụ arịa, efere, ite. Ọ bụrụ na enweghị ụdị nhọrọ a, ị gaghị enwe ike were stool gị gaa na mposi ozugbo. Ebe ọ bụ na e nwere osisi pathogenic, biri na ndị niile bi na ulo.

Ihe ozo kwesiri ibu ihe nkiri eji ese ihe. Ọ bụ ngwaahịa a na-ewepu ọcha.

Mgbe emesịrị mmerụ ahụ na ngaji pụrụ iche nke akpa a na-eweta maka ịnakọta feces, nweta 5 gram of mass (ihe dị ka teaspoon) wee tinye n'ime. Mechie mkpuchichi.

N’elu ụdọ, dee aha ikpeazụ gị na mbido, oge na ụbọchị nnakọta. Were ọdịnaya gaa laabu. Ọ bụrụ na akpọrọ ya ozugbo anaghị arụ ọrụ, ndụ kacha nchekwa nke feces 5-6 awa.

Oge ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu

Ọ dị mkpa ị nweta nnwale nnomi ma ọ bụghị mgbe niile ka esi ele ihe ọmụmụ. Ọ bụrụ na nwanyị na-eme ugbu a, ọ ka mma ịhapụ ọrụ ahụ ma yigharịrị mgbanwe ahụ gaa ụbọchị ọzọ.

Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ agaghị agbanwe, ọ bụ site na tampon zọpụta ha. Mgbe ejidechara ụlọ mposi nke akụkụ ahụ nke akụkụ ya na perineum, a na-etinye swab dị ọcha na njedebe.

Ekwenyere na tupu ịmalite nyocha ahụ, ịkwesighi ịsacha ezé gị n'abalị. Ebe ọ bụ na ụmụ irighiri ihe nwere ike banye na feces. Fọdụ ndị na-ekwu na ọ bụ ihe na-achọsi ike iwepụ ọcha ọcha n'ụtụtụ, mana na nke a, ụmụ irighiri ihe enweghị enweghị oge iji banye na mgbatị ahụ yana banye na nnukwu eriri afọ.

Ewezuga usoro ndị ọzọ iji kwado ngha afọ. Enema na rectal suppositories na-agọnahụ nsonaazụ ya. Shouldgba ume ahụ kwesịrị ịmere onwe ya na-enweghị enyemaka ọzọ.

Nnyocha nke fems maka ikpuru chọrọ ntakịrị oke maka nyocha. Ya mere, a ga-etinye ngaji ahụ n’ime akpa ahụ n’ime akụkụ abụọ. Ọ bụrụ na atọgbọrọ nwa ahụ iji chọpụta ma ọ bụ wepụta giardia, a na-emeghachi ya ugboro atọ. Ọ kwesịrị idozi ya nke ọma.

Oghere dị na nwata ahụ adịghị iche na okenye. Ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ nwa amụrụ ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ nwa ọhụrụ, i kwesịrị ịchọpụta ihe dị ka oge gafere.

Dika odi na ndi okenye, nke a na - eme otu mgbe. Ya mere, tupu emee ebubo ahụ, nwatakịrị ahụ kwesịrị iyi akwa dị ọcha. Ọzọkwa, usoro a yiri nke a kọwara n’elu.

Ọ bụrụ na nwatakịrị ahụ gara ụlọ mposi na mgbede, na-enyeghị ọgwụ ahụhụ ahụ flora nke nje, mgbe ahụ, enwere ike ịchekwa ọdịnaya nke karama mechiri emechi na friji maka otu ụbọchị.

Nnwale ọbara anwansi

Ofdị ọmụmụ ihe a ga - enyere aka ịchọpụta ọnụnọ ọbara ọgbụgba dị na eriri afọ. Ọ bụrụ na ọbara ọgbụgba na-ahụ anya gba ọtọ (melena bụ feces ojii, nha ahụ yiri tar - yana ọbara ọgbụgba site na afọ na ọnya ọgbụgba, ọbara na-agbanweghi agbanwe site na ọbara ọgbụgba site na akụkụ ala nke eriri afọ) eriri afọ, mgbe ahụ enwere ike ịhụ ọrịre na-adịghị ala ala naanị na laabu.

Nọmalị, nsonaazụ ya adịghị njọ. Enzyme pụrụ iche na-emeghachi omume na ọnụnọ nke ihe ndị dị na ọbara na feces, n'enweghị ígwè, yabụ, akwadoro idobe nri dị n'elu.

Coprogram

Nnyocha ma ọ bụ nyocha gbasara feces bụ ọmụmụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, ebe ọ bụ na onye na-ahụ maka ụlọ nyocha na-akọwa adịghị ike ọ bụla a hụrụ n'okpuru microscope na anya. Ntụle dị otú ahụ na-enyere aka na nchọpụta nke ọtụtụ ọrịa nke ngụgụ nri.

Nsonaazụ Coprogram gụnyere:

• bile pigments
• eriri akwara
• stachi
• eriri afọ
• anọpụ iche abụba na ọdụdụ asịd,
• mgbakwunye adịghị mma: imi, ọbara na abu,
• ahụ obere nri - detritus,
• ihe ndị mejupụtara ọbara: sel ọbara.

Jiri anya na-enyocha agba, udidi na ọnụnọ nsị nri na-adịghị.

Nsonaazụ

Nlere nke pancreatitis gụnyere ikpebi ọkwa nke calcium (ọ na-agbada), mkpebi nke immunoreactive trypsin, onye na-egbochi trypsin na ọbara.

Iwu ESR: 6-12 n’ime ụmụ nwoke, 8-15 n’ime ụmụ nwanyị. Na nnukwu pancreatitis, ọ na-agbago. A na-ebelata ego ngụkọta na protein plasma nwere iron - Transferrin, ferritin - belatara. Nọmalị, ngụkọta protin bụ 64-84 g / l. Site na mbufụt, naanị protein C-reactive na-ebili.

Ihe ngosiputa oria oria oria a na aru oria aru - CA 19 - 9, ihe akwara nke anakpo carcino-embryonic. Na ọnụnọ nke usoro arụrụala, uru CA 19-9 dị elu karịa 34 U / l, carcinoembryonic antigen karịrị 3.75 ng / l, na ndị na-ese anwụrụ ọkụ ọ karịrị 5.45 ng / l. Maka nkwenye, achọrọ usoro nchọpụta ọzọ - MRI.

Site na mgbanwe mgbanwe, sclerosis nke anụ ahụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke enzymes na-ebelata.

N'adịghị ka ọrịa pancreatitis dị ukwuu, na-enwe ụkọ nke exocrine n'ihi ọnwụ cell na nnọchi anụ ahụ na - ejikọta ha, enweghi mmụba na ọkwa nke trypsin, amylase n'ọbara n'oge ule arụ ọrụ. Agbanyeghị, n'ọmụmụ ihe banyere ọgbụgba ọkụ na-ahụ ihe nri na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla, a na-ebelata ọkwa nke fecal elastase.

Site na iji nyocha dị mma, ọkwa nke enzymes n'ime ọbara dị ka ndị a: lipase - 14-60 IU / l, ngụkọta amylase - 29-100 U / l, pancreatic amylase - ruo 53 U / l, trypsin - ruo 60 μg / l.

Etu esi kpokọta feces maka nyocha

Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nyocha niile, a na-anakọta feces n'otu ụzọ (yana obere mmezi maka ụfọdụ nyocha).

A na-anakọta nri n'ime ite iko akọrọ dị ọcha na mkpuchi ma ọ bụ na akpa pụrụ iche site na ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ. Ọ bụrụ na ịzụtara ite maka nyocha stool na ahịa ọgwụ, o nwere ngaji rọba pụrụ iche maka ịnakọta ihe.

A na-anakọta feces na ite, site na akwa ma ọ bụ diaper, ozugbo eriri afọ na-amalite. Ndị okenye sitere na arịa ma ọ bụ ụlọ mposi eji achọ mma.

Maka nyocha, ịchọrọ obere feces - ngaji 1-2.

Ọ kachasị mma iji feces ụtụtụ maka nyocha. Ma ọ bụrụ na nke ahụ agaghị ekwe omume. You nwere ike ịnakọta nri mgbede wee chekwaa ya na ite ma ọ bụ akpa ejiri nke akpachiri anya na-akarịghị awa iri na abụọ na elu shelf na friji.

Dika coprogram i nwere ike itule

• Ọnụnọ nke isi awọ na feces. Stercobilin kwesịrị ịdị na-emekarị.
• A na-ekpebi etu galik na-esi arụ ọrụ nke ọma n’otú obe dị n’ihu akwara, stachi, abụm na-anọpụ iche, asịk na agịga. Ka ị na -emewanye ihe na-ezighi ezi na aha nke ọ bụla, nri ahụ na-agbari.
• Ọ bụrụ na mbufụt dị n'ime eriri afọ ma ọ bụ na ọnweghị ọnụnọ ọnụnọ nke ọrịa na ọnya ahụ: imi, ọbara, abu, na-egosi mbufụt: a na-egosipụta ya site na ndị ọzọ, ma ọ bụrụ. Nọmalị, ha anọghị na feces.
  Ọnụnọ dị na nyocha nke feces nke nnukwu ọnụọgụ leukocytes (ha na-alụbeghị di)
  Ọnụnọ dị na nyocha nke feces - sel ọbara. Nkịtị - ha anaghị anọ.
  Epithelium intestinal - ekwesịghị ịdị nkịtị.
• Ma enwere nje ndị ọzọ na nsen ha na eriri afọ ma ọ bụ na ha agaghị abatakwa na ha nọ na feces.

Ọgwụ nwere ike imetụta coprogram: nhazi enzyme na ọgwụ nje. Dọkịta nke na-edepụta nyocha ahụ wee chọpụta na nsonaazụ ahụ kwesịrị ịma na ị na-a medicinesụ ọgwụ ndị a. Ọ bụghị mgbe niile ka ịkagbu ọgwụ iji lee ule ahụ, mgbe ụfọdụ ịchọrọ ịlele arụmọrụ nke ọgwụgwọ dịka nsonaazụ nyocha nke feces. Ikwesighi ịkagbu ọgwụ ahụ n'onwe gị tupu ịmalite nyocha a, ị kwesịrị ịkpọtụrụ dọkịta banyere nke a.

Ntụle ahụ na-adịkarị echi ya.

Nchịkwa banyere feces maka microflora ohere

Ọ na - ekpughe microflora, nke nwere ike ibi na eriri afọ, mana mgbe ụfọdụ ọ na - abawanye oke ma na - akpata ahụ erughị ala na eriri afọ, afọ ọsịsa, afọ ntachi, ihe ọkụ, wdg.

A na-anakọta nyocha maka fez maka ohere microflora ma kwadebe ya n'otu aka ahụ gbasara nyocha nke dysbiosis. Nsonaazụ dị njikere n’ime ụbọchị asaa ruo asatọ.

Ihe a bu ihe omuma banyere nyocha fecal. Achọrọ m gị ezigbo ahụike!