Ọrịa pancreatic na-bụ ọnye

Ihe kpatara oria a

Dịka ọrịa niile nke pancreas, akwara na-amalite ọrụ akwara nke nsogbu akwara nri. N'ụzọ bụ isi, ọtụtụ ihe nwere ike ibute ọrịa a:

Ọrịa na nchoputa nke necrosis

Nchọpụta ihe banyere ọrịa ọria akwara Ihu bụ isi ihe mgbu nke ọrịa ahụ bụ oke mgbu n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke oghere afọ, na-eme ka azụ ala na ogwe aka ekpe, ọgbụgbọ, ọgbụgbọ, ọgbụgba na -egopụta ọnya afọ, afọ mgbu, flatulence. Ihe mgbu ahụ bụ ọkụ a na-enweghị ike ịkọwapụta na okike, mgbe mgbe site na azụ na aka nri nke afọ. Na palpation nke ihu ihu nke mpaghara peritoneum na mpaghara akụkụ ụbụrụ, yana hypochondrium ziri ezi, akara mgbu ahụ dị nro. Ihe mgbaàmà nke isi awọ-Turner bụ akparamagwa maka ọrịa a, mgbe achọpụtara ọfụma ọfụfụ n'akụkụ mgbidi akụkụ ihu. Ọ bụrụ na-ahụ ọnya na-acha anụnụ anụnụ gburugburu otube, mgbe ahụ, a na-akpọ ọrịa a Grunwold, mgbe ọnya na-apụta na isi, n'okpuru ọgịrịga nke dị n'azụ, a na-achọpụta ọrịa Davis.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, onye ọrịa abanyelarị n'ụlọ ọgwụ jiri mkpịsị nke toxemia, nke metụtara ụkwara ahụ, mkpụmkpụ ume, ncha, na tachycardia. Ọnọdụ a chọrọ nyocha nke ọma iji nyocha ọfụma. Ọ bụrụ na mmeru ahụ na-emebi emebi, a na-awa ahụ. Mgbe mgbe a rụsịrị ọrụ ahụ, onye ọrịa nwere akụkọ ntolite belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke enzymes. A na - eme mkpochapu ihe, ebumnuche ya bụ iji wepu cytoxins ngafe.

Site n'ịgwọ ya n'emeghị ya nke ọma, enwere ike ibute ọrịa n'ụdị ịxụ ahụ, ịmepụta cysts, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọbara ọgbụgba n'ime afọ ga-emepe. Ọ bụrụ ọnya na-apụta, onye ọrịa ahụ na-amalite iribiga oke ókè, akpata oyi, yana ahụ ọkụ.

Ọrịa nwere ike esonyere site gbasara akụrụ dysfunction, mgbe ụfọdụ nnukwu gbasara akụrụ odida amalite. Ọrịa akwara nke Pcreatic necrosis nwere ike imebi usoro ụjọ. Na ọnọdụ a, onye ọrịa ahụ enweghị ahụ ike, ọ buliela ọtọ, akparamagwa na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. N'ime usoro ahụike, enwere ọnọdụ mgbe, enwere ụdị ọrịa ahụ dị elu, onye ọrịa ahụ dara ada.

Mgbe ụfọdụ n’ime mmiri dị n’ime oghere dị n’afọ, a na-achọpụta ihe adịghị n’arụ ọbara. N'okwu a, a na-enye onye ọrịa ahụ ọrịa ịba ọcha n'anya site na iji laparoscopy.

Ọgwụ Pancreatonecrosis

Site na ọrịa a, a na-atụ aro onye ọrịa ka ọ hapụ iri nri ụbọchị mbụ. Site n'enyemaka nke ọgwụ ọjọọ, a na-ebelata mmiri nzuzo nke mmiri ọ ,ụricụ, na -emeju afọ n'onwe ya site na nyocha. Daysbọchị ndị a, onye ọrịa na-enwe nchegbu banyere nnukwu ihe mgbu, yabụ na ị nweghị ike ime na-enweghị ọgwụ mgbochi na ọgwụ mgbu. Iji wepu ọrịa, a na-edenye ọgwụ nje. Iji zere ihe etuto, a na-enye onye ọrịa ọgwụ ọgwụ nje na ọgwụ mgbochi immunomodulating. N’adịghị ike nke ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ, a gosipụtara onye ọrịa ịwa ahụ, nke ebum n’uche ị nweta akwara n’akwara na - enweghị ike imepụta ya na imepụta otu anụ ahụ n’akpụkpọ anụ ahụ dị mma.

Gerywa ahụ maka ọrịa akwara na-egbu akwara site na ọgwụgwọ oge, enwere ike ịkwụsị ọrịa a n'oge mbido. Agbanyeghị, dịka iwu, nsonaazụ dị mma nke ọrịa ahụ erughị 50% nke nsogbu niile. Ndị ọ bụla nwere ike iwepụ nsonazụ ọrịa a kwesịrị ịgbaso iwu ụfọdụ na nri ha na ndụ ha niile. Ihe ọ bụla mara abụba, eghe, sọọsọ, nnu, ihe dị ụtọ, dị ụtọ. Amachibidokwara mmanya, mmanya, mmiri ara ehi, nri mkpọ, mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, achịcha ọhụrụ, soda, tii na kọfị siri ike. You nwere ike iri anụ a leanara esiri esi mmiri, steamed ma ọ bụ sie inine na mmiri, ofe nke dabere na broths ọkụ, ọka na mmiri, ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi, achịcha a mịrị amị. Nri niile kwesịrị ịdị na-ekpo ọkụ.

Site na ọrịa a, ọ dị mkpa icheta na ọgwụ ịchọrọ onwe ya nwere ike ifu onye ọrịa ndụ, yabụ, na ngosipụta mbụ nke ọrịa akwara na -akpọ, ị kwesịrị ịkpọtụrụ dọkịta ozugbo.

Ọrịa necrosis na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ọnya.

Site na usoro necrotic buru ibu, ọnwụ nke onye ọrịa ahụ na-aputa ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume mmepụta ọzọ nke homonụ na enzymes nri. Ọrịa akwara, nke mebiri emebi n'ihi otu ihe ma ọ bụ ihe ọzọ, enwebeghị ikike ịmegharị onwe gị. Nsogbu ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ ụkọ enzyme, ọrịa shuga mellitus 2 na 3, ọnya na-adịghị ala ala.

Kedu ụdị necrosis na-egbu egbu?

Enwere ike ikewapụta ọrịa a na - akpọ "Pancreatic necrosis" site na ụdị usoro, ọnọdụ ya, ọdịdị nke usoro na oge. Tinyegharịa:

• nnukwu edematous abortive ụdị pancreatic necrosis,
• ọbara ọgbụgba na-adị n'ọbara na ụdị nke abụba ya,
• anya na ụdị nkịtị
• umengwụ ma ọ bụ nke na-aga n'ihu,
• hemostatic, arụ ọrụ na ụdị purulent na-emebi ụdị pancreatic necrosis.

N'ime nyocha, ọ dị mkpa ikpebi n'ụzọ ziri ezi ntụgharị usoro, ogo nke emebi anụ ahụ gland na oge mgbanwe mgbanwe. Dabere na nke a, a na-eme mkpebi n'ụdị ọgwụgwọ ahụ ma ọ bụ nke mgbanwe.

Prognosis kachasị dị mma maka ndụ na ahụike bụ edematous pancreatic necrosis. N'ime uwe a, mgbanwe niile nke ọrịa na-akpasu iwe site na edema nke parenchyma na mmụba nke ọkwa nrụgide na pancreatocytes. Nke a na hyperemia, microcirculation, ọrịa edere na - esokwa ya.

Na-emegide nzụlite nke ụdị a, ụdị anụ ahụ nke necrosis nwere ike itolite. Nke a na - enweghị ọgwụgwọ oge na - akpata nchedo n'oge nke ihe kpatara ọrịa ahụ. Edema na-eduga n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na enzymes nke digestive group kwụsịrị ịhapụ oke nke pancreas. Usoro nke ngha n’ime n’ime akwara ha na-amalite. Ọ na - ekwe omume, na a ga - echekwa nkwanye ugwu n'oge a.

Usoro ndị a na - esochi site na mmepe nke nsogbu na - esonye na ntoputa nke purulent exudate n'ime oghere retroperitoneal. Ihe dị n’ime na-abanye uto n’ime afọ. Nnukwu peritonitis na-amalite. Na ọkwa a, a na-egosipụta ịwa ahụ mberede. N'emeghị ịwa ahụ ahụ, ya na necrosis pancreatic dị elu, onye ọrịa ahụ na-anwụ n'ime awa ole na ole site na sepsis purulent.

Ọtụtụ mgbe na ọrụ ahụike enwere ụdị ọgwụgwọ nke necrosis.

Ihe Na-akpata Ọrịa Necrosis

Ihe ndị bụ isi mere maka mmepe nke necrosis na-ejikọ ya na nkwarụ na traktọ diges. N'ihe gbasara ihe puru iche, akwara nke puru ikpe azu puru ime ihe ndia:

1. ị strongụ ihe ọ alcoụ alcoụ na-aba n'anya dị ukwuu,
2. ị excessiveụbiga mmanya oke ugboro ugboro.
3. imebi nke nnyonye anya enzymatic exudate site na oghere akwara na cholangitis, countle cholecystitis, biliary dyskinesia.

Na mgbakwunye, necrosis pancreatic nwere ike ime n'ihi iji ọgwụ ụfọdụ eme ihe n'ụzọ na-adịghị mma, na-ekesa ọgwụ coralation intravascular, ọrịa na-efe efe, ọnọdụ na-akpata nchekasị na oke nchekasị uche.

N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla, necrosis na-amalite n'ihe banyere microparticle nke akụkụ a. A na-akpọ otu mkpụrụ ndụ acinus. Site na mmeri ya, arụ ọrụ nkịtị nke akwara na - emebi emebi ma nke a na - eduga na mmepe nke usoro ọzọ nke ọrịa.

Usoro kachasị mma maka mmepe nke ọrịa. H dabere n’ihe abụọ:

• ike abawanye na gland,
• enweghi nnukwute enzymes n’enweghi ike n’enweghi ike.

N'ihi nke a, enzymes na-eme ihe ike dịka phospholipase na trypsin, elastazin na chymotrypsin na-abanye anụ ahụ. Ha niile na usoro mmepe ha anaghị arụ ọrụ. A na-eme ka mmegharị ha n'ọrụ n'okpuru nduzi nke trypsinogen na kallikrein na dule dule. A na-etolite peptides n'ime ya, nke nwere ike ibute ihe ọ bụla na irighiri akwara, gụnyere pancreas n'onwe ya.

Ọ bụrụ na mọzụlụ nke enzymes adịghị arụ ọrụ, a na-arụ ọrụ ya na ọnọdụ nke pancreatocytes ma usoro mmebi nke ime (necrosis) amalite. N'ihi nke a, mkpụrụ ndụ serotonin na mast sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ na-anwụ anwụ n'ọtụtụ ọnụọgụ, nke na-eme ka edema na spasm nke arịa ọbara. A malitere mmeghachi nke olu, nke naanị ike ịkwụsị ya site na ịgbanye ọgwụ ike na ọgwụ pụrụ iche.

Ihe mgbaàmà nke necrosis na pancreatic na onyonyo onyonyo nke oria

N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, akwara na-amalite ngwa ngwa. Onye ọrịa ahụ ga-amalite ichegbu onwe ya na mbụ site na mmetụta nke oke dị na afọ na ọgbụgbọ, nke ahụ na-agbanwe ka ọ na-agbọgharị ugboro ugboro. Enwere nnukwu ihe mgbu na ọdụ hypochondrium. Ọtụtụ mgbe ihe mgbu dị ka agbụ dị ka - mgbe akụkụ ahụ niile nke elu na-afụ ụfụ n'okpuru ọgịrịga ya. Site n'ịkọwapụta akwara nke akwara Puru Iche, ihe mgbaàmà a nwere ike iyi ihe mgbaàmà nke nkụchi obi. Ọrịa njiri mara - mgbu nwere ike ibute na ubu aka ekpe yana n'okpuru agụba ubu.

Iji nweta adịghị ike nke ọrịa mgbu, onye ọrịa ahụ ga-eme nke ọma naanị n ’oche ịnọdụ ala n'ụkwụ ikpere gbue ikpere na-adọrọ gị n’afọ. Ihe ndị a niile nwere ike sonyere:

• mmụba nke ahụ mmadụ na-agbadata n'usoro subfebrile,
• ọgbụgba ugboro ugboro, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị onye ahụ adịghị arịa ahụ,
• Achịcha anụ arụ ma ọ bụ pallor ha na ọkwa mmepe nke vaskụla ụkọ,
• mmụba nke larịị nke pancreatic amylase n'oge ọbara nyocha na mmamịrị,
• ọdịdị nke mpaghara anụ ahụ nke mgbali mgbu mgbu (hyperesthesia).

Na nzụlite nke akwara nke pancreatic necrosis, akụkụ nke ime nwa, ascites, nwere ike ịmalite. N’ọnọdụ siri ike, a na-ahụ irighiri mmiri n’ime akwara mkpụrụ akụkụ, nke na-agbasi mbọ ike na sistem nke obi. Site na mmepe nke ihe mgbaàmà nke nejrosis, a na-ehiọ mbufụt ọbara na umeji.

Site na mmebi nke anụ ahụ nke islet, ọkwa shuga dị n'ọbara na-abawanye nke ọma, nke nwere ike iduga mmepe nke hyperglycemic coma. Ihe ama ama nke akwara ikpere bụ ihe ngosipụta nke agba aja aja gbara agba na akụkụ akụkụ nke akụkụ olu afọ. A na-akpọ mgbaama a Grey-Turner. Site na ọrịa Grunwold, enwere ike ịchọta akwara cyanotic na crimson gburugburu ma ọ bụrụ na ọnya na-etolite na mgbada na n'okpuru ọgịrịga azụ, mgbe ahụ, etolitewo ọrịa Davis.

Achọpụtara nchọpụta ahụ na ọnụnọ nke ọgbụgbọ na-egbu ugboro ugboro megide ndabere nke nnukwu mgbu nke herpes zoster. Enwere ike ịgbakwunye nke a site na ịmịcha ọbara na ire ọkụ. N'otu oge, palpation nke ogwe afọ nke apịtị na mpaghara epigastric na hypochondrium ziri ezi anaghị enye ụdị mgbu mgbu, nke onye ọrịa na-eme mkpesa banyere ya. Ihe mgbu na-abụkarị nnukwu ọrịa, enweghị ike. Ndị ọrịa na-enwe mmetụta na-enwu ọkụ site na azụ na ubé n'akụkụ aka nri nke afọ.

Njirimara Pancreatic

A na - enweta pancreas bụ gland kasị ukwuu n’ahụ mmadụ. Ọ na - arụ ọrụ abụọ dị mkpa n'otu oge - ọ na - ewepụta enzymes nri dị mkpa maka mgbaze nke protein, abụba na carbohydrates, ma na - egbochi homonụ nke na - akwalite glucose ma na - edozi shuga ọbara.

A na-emepụta ihe ọcụụ pancreatic n'ime gland ma wụsa ya n'akụkụ nnukwu mmiri n'ime duodenum, ebe ha na-esonye na usoro nke ịgbata nri. Enzymes ndị a na - arụ ọrụ nke ukwuu ma nwee ike ịkwatu abụba na protein nke ahịhịa na anụmanụ, yana carbohydrates dị mfe ma sie ike.

A na-akọwa Njirimara nke pancreas site na ọtụtụ enzymes zoro ezo na mkpụrụ ndụ ya. Ya mere, ndị dọkịta na-ekwu na ọria ahụ nwere akụkụ ahụ dị mkpa, na-enweghị nke ịrụ ọrụ nkịtị na-agaghị ekwe omume.

Ngwakọta na Njirimara nke ihe ọ pancụ pancụ pancreatic:

1. Amylase - dị mkpa maka hydrolysis nke carbohydrates, na starch na glucose glycogenado,
2. Lipase - na - agbaji ụdị abụba niile, polyunsaturated na jupụtaba abụba, yana vitamin A, D, E, K,
3. Pancreatic elastase bụ naanị enzyme nke nwere ike ịkụda elastin na eriri collagen na anụ ahụ nwere njikọ,
4. Nuclease - gụnyere ọtụtụ enzymes (exonuclease, endonuclease, ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, igbochi, wdg) achọrọ maka hydrolysanucleic acid, gụnyere DNA na RNA,
5. Carboxypeptidase, trypsin na chymotrypsin - kpochapụ ụdị protein niile ka amino acid na-efu.

Oge mwepu nke enzymes a na-egbu egbu n'oge a na - eso akpata ntolite nke pancreas. Sistemụ ntụpọ parasympathetic, ọmịiko na metasympathetic n'ụdị nke irighiri akwara, akwara aka nri buru ibu, celiac akwara plexus na intramural ganglia bụ ndị kpatara ya.

Ha bụ akụkụ nke sistemụ akwara autonomic, ya bụ, na-arụ ọrụ na-enweghị njide onwe ya n'akụkụ akụkụ ụbụrụ dị elu.

Nke a pụtara na mgbe ị na-eri nri, a ga - enweta ihe enzymes na - eme ngwa ngwa na - eme, na - enweghị mbọ ọ bụla nke mmadụ.

Ọrịa nyocha

Nchoputa nke pancreatic necrosis kwesiri ime ngwa ngwa o kwere mee, ebe obu na oria a na nkeji obula di oke onu. Na mgbakwunye na onye na-ahụ maka eriri afọ, dọkịta na-awa ahụ na onye na-atụgharị uche na-ekerekwa na nyocha nke onye ọrịa ahụ, bụ onye na-enyocha ogo ọnọdụ onye ọrịa ahụ ma na-eme ihe niile dị mkpa iji chekwaa ndụ ya.

Ihe kachasị dị mkpa n ’ụzọ nchọpụta niile maka ọrịa a bụ ikpebi ọkwa ọgwụ enzymes dị n’ime ọbara na mmamịrị, ọkachasị, nnwale amylase. Ọ bụrụ na achọtara nnabata nke enzyme a n'ọbara mmadụ, nke a na-egosi ozugbo mmepe nke akwara ozi.

Diagnozọ nchọpụta usoro ọzọ dị mkpa bụ nnwale ọbara maka ọnụọgụ ọbara ọcha na ọnụego mbelata erythrocyte. Ọ bụrụ na ndị ngosi ndị a dị elu, nke a na - egosi na ha nwere nnukwu mkpamkpa n'ahụ ahụ onye ọrịa.

Na mgbakwunye, ọ bụrụ na a na-enyo enyocha necrosis pancreatic, a na-eziga onye ọrịa ozugbo maka nyocha nke ultrasound (ultrasound), nke na-enye gị ohere iji nyochaa ogo nke ihe mgbu pancreatic, wee hụ njiri ọkụ na-adịghị mma na njiri akụkụ ahụ adịghị mma nke akwara nke necrosis.

N'iji mkpokoro tomography (CT) na onyonyo onyonyo (MRI), ị nwere ike nweta o doo anya nke gland arịa ọrịa karịa ultrasound. Yabụ, a na-ejikarị usoro nchọpụta a iji mata kpọmkwem ọnọdụ nke necrosis anụ ahụ, gụnyere obere nlezianya, yana ịchọpụta mgbasa nke ọrịa ahụ n'akụkụ akụkụ ahụ na akụkụ ahụ.

Angiography bụ usoro nyocha nke ga - enyere gị aka ịchọpụta mebiri obunye ọbara n'ime mpaghara nke akwara ọrịa metụtara necrosis, yana ikpebi nchụpụ nke akwara ọbara kachasị mkpa, ọkachasị akwara azụ na akwara afọ.

Ihe izizi ime necrosis bụ inye kansa ezumike zuru ezu. Maka nke a, a machibidoro ndị ọrịa iwu ịrụ ọrụ ọ bụla, na-eri nri ọ andụ andụ na mmiri ọ .ụ anyụ. A na-edozi nri na-edozi ahụ nke onye ọrịa.

Mgbe ọrịa a, a na-eme onye ọrịa ahụ mmiri dị mma iji sachapụ ọnya nri. Nke a ga - enyere gị aka ịkwụsị usoro nri ma belata mmepụta enzymes.

Otu n'ime ọnọdụ kachasị mkpa maka ịgwọ ọrịa akụrụngwa bụ mwepụ nke ihe mgbu. Maka ebumnuche a, a na-eji ụdị ọgwụ mgbu dị iche iche, dị ka analgin, baralgin na amidopyrine, nke a na-enye onye ọrịa ahụ site na ntụtụ.

Ọzọkwa, maka ebumnuche nkụnwụ ahụ, a na-eji ntụpọ sitere na ngwakọta glucose-novocaine na ego 1-2 lita. kwa ụbọchị. Site na mgbu na-anagide, a na-enye onye ọrịa mgbochi novocaine, nke na-ewepụ syndromes mgbu kachasị na-enye gị ohere ịnweta mmetụta analgesic ozugbo.

Iji belata ihe mgbu sitere na akụkụ ahụ metụtara, antispasmodics, dịka ọmụmaatụ, papaverine, nopa, platifillin, ka a na-enye mmadụ. Na mgbakwunye, a na-enye onye ọrịa ọgwụ ọgwụ ọgwụ dịka ọgwụ lasix na furosemide, na-enye aka na ntụrụndụ zuru oke nke okpu akwara.

Ihe dị oke mkpa maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa a kachasị njọ bụ iji ọgwụ nje mee ihe, nke na-alụ ọgụ usoro mkpali n'ụzọ dị irè ma bibie nje bacteria na-akwalite mmebi ahụ. Ọzọkwa, a na-atụ aro onye ọrịa nwere pancreatic necrosis ị drinkụ ọgwụ mgbochi nke na-eme ka edema anụ ahụ ngwa ngwa.

Ọgwụgwọ nke pancreatic necrosis na-agụnye ịwa ahụ mgbe niile, nke a na-eme naanị n'ụbọchị nke ise, mgbe ụlọ ọgwụ gachara n'ụlọ ọgwụ. N'oge a, ndị dọkịta jikwaa ịkwụsị usoro mkpali, gbochie mgbasa nke ọrịa ahụ na mkpụrụ ndụ dị mma ma belata ihe egwu nke nsogbu ịmụ nwa.

Mgbe ị na-arụ ọrụ na akwara, a na-ewepụ onye ọrịa ahụ nwụrụ anwụ, akụkụ ahụ ndị akpọnwụ akpọnwụ, na-efunahụ ya obubata ọbara, na-eweghachikwa ahụkarị enzymes pancreatic. N'ọnọdụ siri ike nke ọrịa ahụ, onye ọrịa ahụ nwere ike ịchọ ọtụtụ usoro ọgwụgwọ.

Ọzọkwa, n'oge a na-agwọ ọrịa pancreatic necrosis, a na-eme usoro ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche nke kwesịrị ịkwalite akụkụ ahụ nke ime ma na-echebe onye ọrịa n'ọtụtụ ọdịda ahụ. Usoro ọgwụgwọ niile n'ụlọ ọgwụ nwere ike were ọtụtụ ọnwa.

Ọkachamara na vidiyo dị n'isiokwu a ga-ekwu okwu banyere necrosis pancreatic.

Ọdịdị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke pancreas

A na-amịpụta areụ na 1.5 lita ihe ọ 1.5ụ juiceụ pancreatic kwa ụbọchị. Na mgbakwunye na ya, nnukwu, ihe dị mgbagwoju anya, ma kewapụrụ na akụkụ ahụ ndị ọzọ na-emepụta ahụ nke na-ewepụta nnukwu ihe nzuzo gụnyere mammary, lacrimal, salivary buru ibu.

Mmewere nke gland bụ n'ihi ọrụ okpukpu abụọ ọ na-arụ: endocrine na digestive. Nke a ga - ekwe omume n'ihi ihe owuwu ihe ochie nke parenchyma. Ọ mejupụtara:

• site na lobules (acini), kewara site na septa anụ ahụ jikọtara ọnụ, nke arịa, akwara akwara, obere akwara jiji.
• agwaetiti nke Langerhans dị n'etiti acini. A na-edobe ya na anụ ahụ gland niile nwere diche dị iche iche, mana ego kachasị na-adaba na ọdụ nke akụkụ ahụ.

Acinus nwere obere ihe mgbochi nwere nsogbu bụ ihe ndabere nke akụkụ akwara nke pancreas. Ọ mejupụtara:

• pancreatocytes sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ nke 8−12 nke ọdịdị okirikiri, dị na ntọala ha na etiti,
• mkpụrụ ndụ epithelial: mgbe ha jikọrọ ọnụ, ha na - ekewapụ usoro excretory.

• ducts nke acini,
• interacinar
• intralobular,
• interlobar
• wirsung duct nkịtị.

Ihe owuwu nke mgbidi ahụ na-adabere nha nke duct n’onwe ya. Na Wirsung, na-agafe ogologo oge gland, enwere mkpụrụ ndụ goblet na mgbidi nke na-egbochi ihe ọreatụ pancụ pancreatic ma na-ekere òkè na usoro endocrine mpaghara.

Agwaetiti Langerhans na-anọchite anya obere ihe dị obere, mana ọ dịghị akụkụ dị mkpa dị obere.

Nkọwapụta banyere obere agwaetiti dị obere: mejupụtara ụdị mkpụrụ ndụ 5 ndị ​​na-egbochi homonụ.Celldị sel ọbụla bụ olu dị iche na mpaghara agwaetiti wee mepụta homonụ a kapịrị ọnụ:

• alfa (25%) - glucagon,
• beta (60%) - insulin,
• delta (10%) - somatostatin,
• PP (5%) - polypeptide eriri afọ nke vasoactive (VIP) na pancreatic polypeptide (PP),
• sel epsilon (ihe na-erughị 1%) - ghrelin.

Mkpụrụ ndụ Beta dị n'etiti, akụkụ ndị ọzọ gbara ha gburugburu gburugburu.

Na mgbakwunye na ụdị ndị a bụ isi, mkpụrụ ndụ acadiumlet yana endo- na ọrụ exocrine dị na mpaghara ahụ.

Nnukwu ọbara

Anụ a na-ata ahụ enweghị akwara dị ya nso. Usoro ịnye ọbara sitere na aorta (akụkụ nke afọ ya). Osisi celiac dị n'akụkụ ya, na - ekewa ya na arịa ndị na - enye akwara ọbara ọbara akwara. Ha na-etolite netwọ nke obere akwara arterioles. Mkpokọta gụnyere usoro ọbara:

• elu na isi ya na arịa anụ ahụ,
• akwara nke nwere ogwe aka di ala na ogwe aka ya.
• akwara akwara
• dorsal pancreatic
• artery nke ọdụ.

Nke ọ bụla n’ime arịa ndị a rụnyere n’ime akwara nke obere caliber ruo arterioles na obere obere ihe ndị metụtara ọbara na-enye otu lobale nke pancreas.

A na-eme nsị Lymphatic site na arịa arịa lymphatic nke na-agba n'akụkụ arịa ọbara: lymph na-abanye na mpaghara akwara dị nso na akwara na-efe efe, wee banye celiac na splenic.

Ọpụpụ na-apụ apụ

Site na lobules na agwaetiti, ọbara venous ịba ụba na carbon dioxide na-abanye site na netwọ ọnụ nke ọnya na nke veinles na veins na-abanye n'usoro nke vena cava na portal vein. Na mbu, ọbara na-aga:

• site na mesenteric (elu na ala),
• veple splenic
• hapụrụ gastric
• gantry.

Ọbara Venous mgbe ọ gafesịrị akwara site na obere vena cava na-abanye n'obi dị mma, na-emecha nnukwu mgbasa ọbara.

Ọrịa pancreatic na-ekesa ọrịa

O siri ike ikpebi nchoputa nke nsogbu ọbara na akwara nke pancreas. Ọrịa dị otú a abụghị nnwere onwe, mana ọ na-ebute n'ihi ọrịa siri ike nke sistem. N'ụdị ndị ahụ, mgbaàmà nke ọrịa a na-ahụ anya na-abịa n'ihu.

A na-eme nchọpụta nchọpụta ahụ na-eleba anya n'ọrịa ndị dị adị na-ebute na mbelata mgbasa ọbara. Ha na-ebute mgbanwe na parenchyma ya na ọnwụ nke nwayọ nke mkpụrụ ndụ akwara nkịtị ma were dochie anụ ahụ - fibrosis mepụtara, ọrụ niile na-arụ ọrụ niile anaghị arụ ọrụ. Anụ a na-ahụ maka anụ ahụ bụ obere ihe na-emetụta mmetụta nke mpụga na mpụga. Mgbanwe ọ bụla n’inye ọbara ma ọ bụ ihe oriri na-edozi ahụ na-ebute nnukwu ọrịa.

Ihe na - akpata ya na ihe mgbaàmà nke ọrịa

Mgbanwe na akwara nke pancreas na-emetụta ọrịa mgbasa nke akwara:

• ya na atherosclerosis,
• na nkụda obi,
• ya na ọbara mgbali ọbara n'ihi atherosclerosis.

Ihe na-akpata ya nwere ike ịbụ ọrịa mellitus nwayọ nwayọ na ogologo oge, ma ọ bụ ọrịa akwara na-ebute na mberede na-enweghị ezigbo ihe kpatara ya. Ihe na-akpata iwe bụ infarction myocardial.

Ọbara nke a na-akpọ 'pancreatic vaskụla thrombosis' dị ize ndụ. Thrombosis na-agbagha ọbara mgbali elu dị, thrombophlebitis, infarction myocardial. Akpaghasị ọbara na - ebilite na atherosclerosis, mgbe a gbanwere mgbidi nke arịa ọbara nke calibers dị iche iche.

Mgbe obi dara ada, ihe mebiri ọbara na-apụ apụ, na-eduga na nsị n’akpịrị, mmụba dị ukwuu na oke ya, yana dysfunction. Usoro mmekpa ahụ na-eme na parenchyma, nke nkwalite ọbara na mmamịrị mmamịrị na-enyocha.

Ihe kachasị dị ize ndụ na-akpata mmerụ ahụ na mgbasa ọbara bụ mmanya. Ọ na - eme ka obere arịa dị mkpụmkpụ, n'ihi nke mkpụrụ ndụ nke anụ ahụ na - akwụsị inweta ihe ndị dị mkpa na oxygen. Nke a na - eduga n'ọnwụ ha ma nwee ike ibute ọrịa necrosis.

Ọgwụ ọgbụgba

Onweghi usoro ọgwụgwọ a kapịrị ọnụ maka mgbasa ọbara ọgbụgba na mgbanwe mgbanwe na akwara. A na-agwọ ọrịa na-akpata ya. Site na usoro omumu ihe omimi nke oma, mgbe mgbanwe mbufụt ma obu necrotic na-amalite na pancreas parenchyma, ekwuputara site na omumu ihe omumu na ulo oru, a na-enye usoro ogwu di omimi nke pancreatitis. Ọ gụnyere:

• nri mmanye - nọmba tebụl 5,
• enzyme nnọchi ọgwụ
• ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa - antispasmodics, painkillers na ọgwụ na-egbochi mmepụta hydrochloric acid.

Ọ bụrụ na anaghị agwọ ya, yana ọrịa ụbara akwara, ọrịa shuga na-amalite ka oge na-aga. Nke a bụ n'ihi ọnwụ nke agwaetiti nke Langerhans na nkwụsị nke njikọ nke nnukwu hormone - insulin.

Nsonaazụ mmebi nke ime na pancreas

A na-enwe pareresyma nke a na-enweta ahu. A na - ahụbeji akwara, dịka akụkụ ahụ niile, na - ejikwa sistem ntụrụ ụjọ - ngalaba nke akwara ozi ziri ezi (n. Vagus dexter). Ha na-achịkwa ọrụ exocrine - imepụta na nzuzo nke enzymes. Mmetụta akwara na-esi n’ọkpụkpụ akwara ya abịa na-akpali imepụta enzymes.

Ejikọtara ya na mpaghara ọmịiko site na obere eriri na-esite na plexuse:

• aputa
• ịba ọcha n'anya
• celiac
• elu mesenteric.

Akụkụ obi ọmịiko nke akwara ozi na - eduga na - enwe mmetụta dị iche: iwe nke akpati celiac na - akpata nkwụsị nke mmiri mkpụrụ osisi pancreatic. Ma ka oge na-aga n’ihu na mkpụrụ ndụ azuokokoosisi na-eso ya na oke nzuzo nke enzymes.

Ọkpụkpụ ọbara na-enye ọbara na akwara metụtara ya na eriri ndị nwere ọmịiko: ha na-achịkwa ụda nke mgbidi venous.

Lobules, nke nwere anụ ahụ glandular na-eme ka mmiri ọgwụ ikuku na-enyocha enyocha ya, na - ekewapụ akụkụ nke akụkụ ahụ Fater-Pacini.

Agwaetiti Langerhans, nke ụbụrụ ya mepụtara homonụ iri na otu dị mkpa, na - kewapụtara iche iche site na acini site na mkpụrụ ndụ ganglion nke sistemu akwara.

Mbibi nke irighiri akwara na ọkwa ọ bụla na-eduga na mmepe nke ọrịa akụrụngwa akwara na akwara ozi. Nke a na - akpata nnukwu mgbanwe ọ bụghị naanị na gland n'onwe ya, kamakwa na anụ ahụ na akụkụ ahụ ndị ọzọ metụtara ya. Ọgwụgwọ n'ụdị ndị a na-agbagha ma na-agbatị ogologo oge.