Ndị na - egbochi ihe ịga nke ọma cholesterol

Ezetimibe–ọgwụ nke na - egbochi iwere cholesterol na eriri afọ. Nhọpụta ezetimibe na-agbada na mbelata ọkwa nke cholesterol na plasma site na ihe na-erughị 15 - 20%. Agbanyeghị, njikọta na akpụ akpụ na-esokwa mmụba dị ukwuu na arụmọrụ ọgwụgwọ. Nsonaazụ nke ọmụmụ ọmụmụ gosipụtara na ọgwụgwọ jikọtara ya na simvastatin na ezetimibe (10 mg ọ bụla) na-ebelata ọkwa LDL cholesterol ka ọ kachasị ukwuu karịa monotherapy na simvastatin na dose 40 mg. Ebe ọ bụ na enwere ike ijikọ ezetimibe na statins ọ bụla, a na-egosipụta ya maka ndị ọrịa na-enweghị ike ịnagide oke nke statins.

Contraindications: A akwadoghị ọgwụ ezetimibe maka ụmụaka, yana ndị na-ewere cyclosporine, colestyramine ma nwee mmụba na ọrụ nke enzymes imeju na CPK.

Nicotinic acid- ọgwụ egbugbere ọnụ, nke na - egbochi atherogenclerotic nwere mmetụta dị mgbagwoju anya na njikọta njikọta nke atherogenesis. Niacin na-eme ka mmiri ọgwụ niile dị nra. N'ime omume ụlọ ọgwụ, iji dozie nsogbu ọgbụgba nke metabolism, ma nicotinic acid (niacin) n'onwe ya na njeri ya (acipimox) na ụdị ntọhapụ dịgidere (enduracin). A na-anabata ụdị nicotinic acid na-egbu oge ka mma, mana enwere ọrụ na-ebelata.

Ọgwụgwọ enduracin bido site na nhọpụta nke 500 mg 1 oge kwa ụbọchị mgbe nri gasịrị, mgbe izu 1 gasịrị, ha na-agagharị na enduracin ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị, site na ngwụsị izu nke atọ a na-ewere 500 mg 3 ugboro kwa ụbọchị (1500 mg / ụbọchị).

A na-egosipụta nsonaazụ n'akụkụ ọbara ọbara na itching nke anụ ahụ, mmetụta nke okpomoku na ọnya na-ekpo ọkụ, iwe na-ewe iwe, hypotension, mmụba nke glucose ọbara, uric acid na ọrụ nke enzymes imeju.

Contraindication nke nicotinic acid n’ime ndị ọrịa nwere ọnya afọ mgbu, akụkọ banyere ọbara ọgbụgba na-egbu afọ, ọrịa shuga, gout, na ọrịa imeju siri ike. A naghị akwado ọgwụ Nicotinic maka ụmụ nwanyị dị ime na ndị na-enye nwa ara, kwesiri iji nlezianya nye ndị na-a alcoholụbiga mmanya ókè, ndị ọrịa nwere angina pectoris na-ejighị n'aka, nnukwu MI na-enweta nitrates, ndị na-emegide calcium. ß–adrenoblockers, statins.

Iji belata nsonaazụ ndị ọzọ, a na-atụ aro ya: bido usoro ọgwụgwọ jiri obere ọgwụ ma jiri nwayọ mụbaa, tinye aspirin minit 30 tupu ị takingụ ọgwụ ahụ, were nicotinic acid naanị na nri, a notụla nicotinic acid na mmanya ọkụ, mmanya, malite usoro ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụ ndị na-eme obere oge.

Ugbu a, aha nke nwere 1000 mg nke nicotinic acid na laripiprant, ọgwụ nke na-ewepụ nsonaazụ nicotinic acid, bụ registeredlọ Ọrụ Russia.

Akara nke bile acid (ion mgbanwe resins)

Xecvestrants nke bile acid (FFA) gunyere: colestyramine, colestipol, ndị hụrụ wheel.

Usoro nke ime ihe FFA bụ ihe jikọtara bile acid na lumen nke obere eriri afọ, nke na-egbochi ịlọ ụwa ọzọ ma na-eme ka ahụpụ ihe dị mma. N’ihi nke a, a na - eme ka njikọ nke bile acid n’ime imeju ka mma, nke a na - ebute mmụba na mkpa nke mkpụrụ ndụ imeju na cholesterol. FFAs belata cholesterol plasma LDL site na 15% - 30% ma bulie HDL cholesterol site na 5%. SQD na-ebelata ọganihu nke atherosclerosis dị ka coronarography si kwuo. FFA nwere ike iwelie ọkwa TG.

Colestyramine na colestipol na-akpatakarị afọ ntachi, ọgbụgba, mgbu nke afọ, dyspepsia na sensations na-atọ ụtọ. Cogwheel nwere mmetụta dị ala ole na ole.

FFA nwere contraindicated na ndị ọrịa nwere mmụba dị elu na TG (TG> 4.0 mmol / L).

Fibrates

Ihe dị iche iche nke fibroic acid - fibrates (ciprofibrate, gemfibrozil, fenofibrate) - tumadi belata ọdịnaya nke triglycerides ma melite ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ nke metabolism metabolism. Na-egbochi mkpokọta platelet, meziwanye ọrụ endothelial, ma belata ọkwa fibrinogen n'ime ọbara.

Ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ kachasị mma fenofibrate (lipantyl, treicor). Usoro ọgwụgwọ Fenofibrate nke ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị shuga 2 na-eduga na iweghachi akwara obi na -akpata ụbụrụ ma na-egbochi mmepe nke micro- na macrovaskụla nsogbu.

Ọ dị mkpa na, n'adịghị ka eriri ọkụ ndị ọzọ, fenofibrate anaghị egbochi staatinism steatin ma nwee ike ịdị nchebe mgbe ejiri ya na statins.

Tab. 9. Nchịkwa Fibroic Acid (Fibrates)

Aha (aha ahia)	Dose
Fenofibrate (Lipantil)	200 mg otu ugboro kwa ụbọchị
Cyprofibrate (Lipanor)	100 mg 1 - ugboro 2 n'ụbọchị
Gemfibrozil	600 mg ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị

ω - 3 acids polyunsaturated abụba

Na nso nso a, edebara ọgwụ na Russia omacor (mmanụ azụ dị ọcha ka azụ si na azụ dị na ugwu ugwu), nke mejupụtara 84% nke eicosapentaenoic na abụba abụba docosahexaenoic. Ederede Omacor na 1 g ugboro otu ugboro n’ụbọchị iji gbochie nsogbu infarction myocardial, n’ihi na o kwuputala antiarrhythmic, mmetụta antithrombotic. N'ihe dị ka 2 ruo 4 g kwa ụbọchị, ọgwụ ahụ na-ebelata ọkwa Plasma TG nke ọma, yabụ enwere ike iji ya maka otu ihe na-egosi fenofibrate. Mmetụta ọghọm: ọbara ọgbụgba, ọnya afọ.

Fingerkpụrụ usoro mkpịsị aka Papillary bụ akara nke ike egwuregwu: ihe iriba ama nke ọnya ọrịa na-etolite na ọnwa 3-5 nke afọ ime, adịghị agbanwe agbanwe na ndụ niile.

Nhazi nke mmiri dị n’elu mmiri: Oke mmiri ga na-efe n’elu ụwa na-asọpu site n’elu mmiri na oke osimiri (88 ‰).

Ihe ngosi nke okpuru ulo na uzo mmiri: N’obodo mepere emepe, a na-echekwa nchekwa akụ na-eburu n'uche teknụzụ na akụnụba chọrọ, mana ha na-etinye ihe dị mkpa na ndị na-achọ mma.

Ọnọdụ izugbe maka ịhọrọ usoro eji agba mmiri: A na-ahọpụta usoro sisitemu na-adabere n'ụdị nke echekwara.

Ihe njiri nke Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Mgbe ị na-agwọ cholesterol ọbara mgbali elu, a na-ejikọghị statins na nicotinic acid na fibrates, nke bụ ọgwụ ọgwụ na klas dị iche, n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ nweghị nchebe ma nwee ike ibute mmepe nke ọrịa ndị ọzọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, njikọta nke fibrates na statins na-abawanye ohere nke myopathy, otu ihe ahụ nwere ike ime na ngwakọta nke nicotinic acid na statins, naanị na mgbakwunye na ihe niile nwere ike imetụta imeju.

Ma ndị na-ere ọgwụ na-achọta ihe ngwọta, ha mepụtara ọgwụ nke mmetụta ya na-eduga na usoro ndị ọzọ maka mmepe nke hypercholesterolemia, karịchaa, iji banye cholesterol na eriri afọ. Otu n'ime ọgwụ ndị a bụ Ezithimibe ma ọ bụ Ezeterol.

Uru ọgwụ a bara bụ na ọ dị oke nchebe n'ihi eziokwu na akụkụ ya anaghị abanye n'ọbara. Ihe a di nkpa, nihi na ogwu a gha adiri ndi obia nwere oria na ndi n’eme ihe aru. Njikọ ezeterol na statins nwere ike itinye aka n'ịkwalite mmetụta ọgwụgwọ na-agbadata cholesterol n'ime ahụ.

N'ihe banyere ọghọm ọghọm nke ọgwụ ahụ, amapụtara oke ọnụ ahịa ya, na nke monoprint, mmetụta dị ala karịa nke iji, mgbe atụnyere nsonaazụ nke ọgwụgwọ na statins.

Nkewa

Nchịkwa mgbanwe nke Anion na ọgwụ ndị na -ebelata mmịcha (nnabata) nke cholesterol na eriri afọ.
Nicotinic acid
Probukol.
Fibrates.
Statins (3-hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-coenzyme-A-reductase inhibitors).

Dabere na usoro eji eme ihe, enwere ike ike ọgwụ iji belata cholesterol ọbara dị iche iche.

Ọgwụ ndị na-egbochi njikọ lipoproteins atherogenic ("cholesterol ọjọọ)":

akpụ
fibrates
nicotinic acid
probucol,
benzaflavin.

Nke pụtara na ọ na -ewe iwelata cholesterol na nri n'ime eriri afọ:

usoro nke bile acid,
njigide.

Ezithymibe overdose na mmekọrịta

Mgbe ị na-agwọ cholesterol ọbara mgbali elu, a na-ejikọghị statins na nicotinic acid na fibrates, nke bụ ọgwụ ọgwụ na klas dị iche, n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ nweghị nchebe ma nwee ike ibute mmepe nke ọrịa ndị ọzọ.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, njikọta nke fibrates na statins na-abawanye ohere nke myopathy, otu ihe ahụ nwere ike ime na ngwakọta nke nicotinic acid na statins, naanị na mgbakwunye na ihe niile nwere ike imetụta imeju.

Uru ọgwụ a bara bụ na ọ dị oke nchebe n'ihi eziokwu na akụkụ ya anaghị abanye n'ọbara. Ihe a di nkpa, nihi na ogwu a gha adiri ndi obia nwere oria na ndi n’eme ihe aru.

Ezetimibe ahọrọ na - egbochi nnabata nke cholesterol na ụfọdụ ụdị osisi sitere na obere eriri afọ. N'ebe ahụ, ọgwụ ahụ dị obere eriri afọ ma gharakwa ịnabata cholesterol, wee si otú a belata inye cholesterol kpọmkwem site na eriri afọ gaa n'ahụ ọzọ - imeju, na-ebelata ihe nchekwa ya na imeju na-amụba site na plasma ọbara.

Ihe ndị na-egbochi cholesterol anaghị eme ka mmiri ọgwụ bile belata, ọ dịghịkwa egbochi njikọ cholesterol, nke a na-enweghị ike ikwu banyere ya. N'ihi ụkpụrụ dị iche iche, ọgwụ nke klas ndị a na-eji otu oge, nwere ike belata cholesterol.

Eziokwu bioav adị nke ezeterol enweghị ike ikpebisi ike n'ihi na mmiri a fọrọnyere na mmiri.

Mgbe ị na-anara ọgwụ ndị na-egbochi mmadụ ịgwọ ọrịa, ọ dị mkpa ịgbasochi usoro ahụ dọkịta nyere. Mana ọ bụrụ na ịdoụbiga mmanya ókè ka dị, ndị ọrịa kwesịrị ịma ihe ndị a.

N'ihe banyere oke ị rareụbiga mmanya ókè, ihe ọjọọ ndị na-apụta na ndị ọrịa abịaghị dị oke njọ. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu maka ọnwụnwa nke ụlọ ọgwụ, mgbe ahụ n'ime otu n'ime ha ka enyere ọgwụ maka ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo 15 nwere ezi ahụike na usoro ọgwụ nke 50 mg kwa ụbọchị maka izu abụọ.

Ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ metụtara ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo 18 nwere ihe mgbaàmà nke hypercholesterolemia bụ isi, e depụtara ha 40 mg nke Ezithimibe karịa karịa ụbọchị 50. Ndị niile sonyere na ule ọgwụgwọ gosipụtara ndidi dị mma maka ọgwụ.

Njikọ Ezithimibe na iji ọgwụ antacids nwere ike inyere aka belata ọnụego nnabata nke ihe ọgwụ mbụ, mana nke a anaghị emetụta bioavailability ya. Site na ọgwụgwọ nkwonkwo na cholestyramine, ogo nke eseterol belata ihe dị ka pasent 55 belata ogo nke mkpokọta ego nke eseterol.

Site na iji ọgwụgwọ siri ike na fenofibrates, n'ihi nke a, mkpokọta mkpokọta ihe na-egbochi ihe dị ka otu oge na ọkara. Emebeghị iji eseterol na fibrates eme ihe nke ọma, yabụ na-atụ aro ka iji ndị dọkịta n'otu oge eme ihe.

A kọwara ihe egwu nke cholesterol dị elu na vidiyo dị n'isiokwu a.

Site n’ibelata iwere cholesterol na nri n’ime eriri afọ, ndị ọrụ a na-ebelata itinye uche ya n’ime ọbara Ihe kachasị dị n’otu ndị ọrụ ọrụ a bụ ọgụ. O bu ihe ndi ozo sitere na nkpuru nke hyacinth agwa.

Guarem na - ewepu cholesterol ụmụ irighiri mgbidi na eriri afọ. Ọ na - eme ka mkpocha acid na - eme ka ihe ghara ịdị ike, na - eduga n'ịba ụba nke kọlesterol site n'ọbara banye na imeju maka njikọ ha. Ọgwụ na-egbochi agụụ iri nri ma na -ebelata oke nri ị na-eri, nke na-eduga n’ibelata oke ibu na oke oke mmiri.

Mmetụta ndị ọ na-enwe na-agụnye ịmịcha mmiri, ọgbụgbọ, mgbu n'ime eriri afọ, na mgbe ụfọdụ oche tọgbọrọ chakoo. Agbanyeghị, ha na-egosipụta obere, ọ na - adịkarị, na - aga n'ihu na - agafe onwe ha.

Ndị na - eme usoro nke bile acids

Ọgwụ Bile acid na-ejikọ mkpụrụ ọgwụ (cholestyramine, colestipol) bụ mkpogharị mgbanwe anion. Ozugbo n'ime eriri afọ, ha "na - ejide" bile acid ma wepụ ya n'ahụ. Ahụ mmadụ malitere enweghị acid bile, nke dị mkpa maka ịrụ ọrụ nkịtị.

Cholestyramine na colestipol dị n'ụdị akwa. A ga-ekewa ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị ka ọ dị ntụtụ 2 ruo 4, na-eri site na dilring ọgwụ na mmiri mmiri (mmiri, ihe ọ juiceụ )ụ).

Anaghị etinye mkpụrụ osisi mgbanwe iji abanye n'ọbara, na-eme naanị na eriri afọ. Ya mere, ha dị mma nchekwa mana enweghị nnukwu mmetụta anaghị achọ ya. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara kwenyere na ọ dị mkpa ịmalite iji ọgwụ ndị a agwọ hyperlipidemia.

Nsonaazụ gụnyere nsị, ọgbụgbọ na afọ ntachi, oche na-adịghị ala ala. Iji gbochie ụdị mgbaàmà ndị a, ọ dị mkpa ka iwelie oriri nke mmiri na nri (fiber, bran) Site na iji ọgwụ ndị a ogologo oge na oke doses, nnabata folic acid na vitamin ụfọdụ, nke kachasị abụba, na eriri afọ nwere ike imebi.

Nicotinic acid na ihe ndị dị na ya (enduracin, niceritrol, acipimox) bụ vitamin nke otu B. Ọ na-ebelata mkpụkọ 'cholesterol ọjọọ' n'ime ọbara. Nicotinic acid na - eme ka usoro fibrinolysis na - arụ ọrụ, na - ebelata ikike ọbara na - emepụta mkpụkọ ọbara.

A na-eme ọgwụgwọ Nicotinic acid ogologo oge, yana mmụba nwayọ nwayọ na dose ahụ. Tupu na mgbe ị takingụchara ya, a naghị atụ aro ị drinkụ ihe ọ hotụ hotụ na-ekpo ọkụ, karịsịa kọfị.

Ọgwụ a nwere ike imebi afọ, yabụ, edeghị ya maka eriri afọ na ọnya afọ. N'ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa, ịcha ọbara ọbara na-apụta na mmalite ọgwụgwọ. Nke nta nke nta, mmetụta a na-apụ n'anya. Iji gbochie ya, a na-atụ aro ka ọ were 325 mg nke ọgwụ aspirin minit 30 tupu ị theụ ọgwụ ahụ. 20% nke ndị ọrịa nwere akpịrị isi awọ.

A na - egbochi ọgwụgwọ nke nicotinic acid maka ọnya afọ nke afo na duodenum, ịba ọcha n'anya, nnukwu obi ọgbụgba obi, gout.

Enduracin bụ ọgwụ nicotinic acid na-eme ogologo oge. Anabatachaghi ihe ọ bụla, na-ebute obere nsonaazụ. Enwere ike ịgwọ ha ogologo oge.

Cholesterol absorption inhibitors: kedu ka ọgwụ si arụ ọrụ ma rụọ ọrụ?

Ruo ọtụtụ afọ na ịgbaso CHOLESTEROL n'enweghị nsogbu?

Onye isi nke Institutelọ Ọrụ ahụ: “Ọ ga-eju gị anya na ọ dị mfe iji belata cholesterol site na ị na-ewere ya kwa ụbọchị.

Ma oburu na cholesterol, aru ahu apughi idi adi. Ihe a bụ akụkụ nke membranes cell, na mgbakwunye, na-enweghị ya, ọrụ nke sistem ụjọ na akụkụ ndị ọzọ dị mkpa nke ahụ mmadụ agaghị ekwe omume.

Site na ngafe ọdịnaya nke ihe a pụtara ọjọọ cholesterol, nke ya na protein mepụta onyinye ọhụrụ - lipoprotein. Ọ dịkwa n'ụdị abụọ: njupụta dị ala na nnukwu njupụta. Nnukwu npoprotein dị ukwuu adịghị emerụ ahụ ahụ, n'adịghị ka ụdị nke abụọ ya. Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ ahụ adịghị agba ọsọ na ọkwa nke lipoprotein a n'ọbara abụghị ihe dị oke mkpa, ọ ga-ezuru onye ọrịa ịbanye na nri nri ma banye n'ọrụ ahụ na ndụ ya.

Ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ anyị ejirila Aterol belata cholesterol. Thehụ ihe ama ama n’ahịa a, anyị kpebiri itinye ya n’ọrụ gị.

Ma usoro ndị a anaghị enye nsonaazụ achọrọ oge niile, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, onye ọrịa nwere ike ịchọ nhicha ahụike nke arịa.

Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị anọwo na-arụ ọrụ iji mepụta ọgwụ kachasị mma iji belata kọlestrọl "ọjọọ".

Achọpụtabeghị usoro kachasị mma, e mepụtara ọtụtụ ọgwụ iji belata cholesterol, nke ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere nke ọma.

Statins so n’ime ọgwụ kachasị mma maka ọbara ọgbụgba ọbara ọbara dị elu, mana n’ihi ọtụtụ adịghị ike na ọnụnọ nke nsonaazụ ndị dị ize ndụ maka ahụ, ọkachasị mgbe ị na-eji ọgwụ ndị dị elu, ọ bụghị mgbe niile ka ọ na-eme ngwa ngwa ịkọ ọgwụ.

Cholesterol n'ime ụmụ nwanyị dị afọ 55

Ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ anyị ejirila Aterol belata cholesterol. Thehụ ihe ama ama n’ahịa a, anyị kpebiri itinye ya n’ọrụ gị.

Ọrịa obi n'ihi atherosclerosis bụ ihe kachasị akpata ọnwụ na mba ndị mepere emepe. Atherosclerosis bụ ọrịa dị ize ndụ nke paịadsclehetic na-etolite na mgbidi akwara. Na-abawanye nwayọ, ha na-akụghasị obara ọbara na arịa. Ihe na-esite na ya nwere ike bụrụ ihe kacha nwute - infarction myocardial, ọrịa strok, gangrene nke mpaghara ala.

Isi ihe ngosi nke profaịlụ lipid
Ihe kpatara Hypercholesterolemia
Ọgwụ na-abụghị ọgwụ
Ọgwụ ọgwụ
Ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụ ndiife

Isi ihe na-ebute mbido ọrịa ahụ bụ hypercholesterolemia, ebe ọ bụ na iberibe ala abụghị naanị nchịkọta nke cholesterol. Ọzọkwa, n'ọtụtụ ihe, ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ọrịa atherosclerosis na-abawanye nke ukwuu mgbe afọ iri ise gasịrị. Na nkọwapụta zuru ezu, anyị ga-enyocha ihe kwesịrị ịdị cholesterol n'ime ụmụ nwanyị dị afọ 55.

Ihe ngosi maka iji ogwu

Kedu mgbe akwadoro ị thisụ ọgwụ a? E gosipụtara ya maka hypercholesterolemia bụ isi, a na-eji Ezithimibe eme ihe n'onwe ya na mgbakwunye na nri nri, ma ọ bụ na njikọ.

Ọgwụ a na - enyere aka belata ọ bụghị naanị larịị nke cholesterol, kamakwa apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, yana iwelie HDL cholesterol.

Site na hyzycholesterolemia homozygous, a na-eji ọgwụ ahụ dị ka mgbakwunye na statins iji belata cholesterol dị elu, ma mkpokọta ma LDL.

Edere Ezeterol maka homozygous sitosterolemia. Ọ na - enyere gị aka belata ogo dị elu nke campesterol na sitosterol.

Contraindications na nsonaazụ ya

Amachibidoro ọgwụ a maka ndị ọrịa nwere ike ịba ụba n'ihe ndị mejupụtara ya.

Womenmụ nwanyị dị ime na mgbe a na-enye nwa ara ka akwadoghị iji ọgwụ mgbochi cholesterol.

Ọ bụrụ na enwere mkpa maka nne nke na-enye nwa ọgwụ ezeterol, mgbe ahụ ọ ga-adị mkpa ikpebi ịkwụsị ị breastụ ara.

Ihe mgbochi ndi ozo gunyere:

afọ erughi afọ 18, ebe ọ bụ na nchekwabebeghị ọgwụ yana arụmọrụ amalitebeghị.
ọnụnọ nke ọrịa ọ bụla nke imeju n'oge iwe, yana mmụba nke ọrụ transminates “imeju”,
oke oruru nke imeju dara ada, dika tụọ nwatakịrị-Pyug.
ụkọ lactose, nnagide nri nke lactose, glucose-galactose malabsorption,
ihe iji ogwu eme ihe tinyere fibrates,
Ekwesịrị iji nlezianya mee ihe site n'aka ndị ọrịa na-anara ọgwụ cyclosporine ma jiri nlezianya wee nyochaa ọkwa nke itinye cyclosporin n'ọbara.

N'ihe banyere monotherapy, ihe mgbochi cholesterol nwere ike ibute nsonaazụ dịka mgbu afọ, afọ mgbu, isi ọwụwa. Site na usoro ọgwụgwọ siri ike na statins, na mgbakwunye na migraines, mgbaàmà nwere ike ịpụta n'ụdị ike ọgwụgwụ, flatulence, nsogbu na stool (iwe iwe ma ọ bụ afọ ntachi), ọgbụgbọ, myalgia, ụba ọrụ nke ALT, AST, na CPK. Anaghị esịpụ ọpụpụ nke anụ ahụ, angioedema, ịba ọcha n'anya, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia na mmụba nke enzymes imeju na-arụ ọrụ na-adakarị.

N'ọnọdụ ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe, mmepe nke rhabdomyolysis ga-ekwe omume.

Ofkpụrụ nke ọrụ nke inhibitor

Eziokwu bioav adị nke ezeterol enweghị ike ikpebisi ike n'ihi na mmiri a fọrọnyere na mmiri.

Ojiji nke iji ọgwụ eme ihe na nri anaghị emetụta ya bioavailability na usoro nke adịghị ihe karịrị 10 mg.

Ofzọ nke ngwa, usoro onunu ogwu na ọnụ ahịa

Tupu ịmalite usoro ọgwụgwọ, ọ dị mkpa ka ndị ọrịa gaa rie nri nwere kọlestrọl dị elu, ọ ga-aga n'ihu na-ahụ ya n'oge oge ị ofụ ọgwụ ahụ. Ekwesịrị iburu Ezeterol ụbọchị niile, n'agbanyeghị nri. Dị ka ọ na-adị, dibịa na-aga ahụ nyere iwu ị medicineụ ọgwụ nke 10 mg karịa otu ugboro n'ụbọchị.

Banyere usoro ọgwụgwọ yana ngwakọta nke Ezithimibe na statins, iwu a ga-agbaso na usoro ọgwụgwọ dị mgbagwoju anya: were ọgwụ ahụ otu ugboro n'ụbọchị na ejiri statins, jide n'aka na ị ga-agbaso usoro ntuziaka maka nnabata.

Na usoro ọgwụgwọ na ọdụdụ acid na Ezithimibe, ekwesịrị ị atụ ya na 10 mg otu ugboro n'ụbọchị, mana ọ bụghị mgbe awa abụọ gasịrị tupu iwere usoro ma ọ bụ tupu elekere anọ gachara.

N'ihe banyere ọrụ imeju na-arụ ọrụ, ndị ọrịa nọ n'ọbara nke ọrịa imeju dị nro adịghị mkpa ịhọrọ usoro onunu ogwu. Maka ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa imeju na-agbadata oke, ọ naghị adị mma ka ejiri ndị na - egbochi nnabata nke cholesterol na - abata na eriri afọ.

Dịka anyị kwuburu, ọnụahịa nke ndị na - egbochi ya anaghị akwụ ụgwọ nke ukwuu, nke metụtara ọghọm ha.

Enwere ike ịzụta Ezetimibe na usoro onunu ogwu nke 10 miligrams (iberibe 28) site na 1800 ruo 2000 rubles.

Cholesterol dị elu: ihe kpatara yana ọgwụgwọ

Cholesterol dị elu (hypercholesterolemia) bụ ọnọdụ ebe oke ngwongwo a dị n'ahụ. Gburugburu ụwa, otu onye n'ime afọ atọ karịrị afọ 25 na-arịa cholesterol dị elu. Ndị nwere cholesterol dị elu nwere ike yikarị ọrịa ọrịa obi (CVD).

N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-ahụ hypercholesterolemia ọbụna na ndị nwere oke nkịtị, nri kwesịrị ekwesị na ụdị ndụ ha. Kolesterol dị elu na-esokarị ọrịa ọzọ a ma ama, dịka oke ibu na ọrịa shuga. Ya mere, a na-agbanyekarị nlebara anya na ọrịa ndị a. N'ihi ya, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ndị nwere cholesterol adịghị enweta ọgwụgwọ, ọbụlagodi na mba ndị mepere emepe.

Cholesterol na ụdị ya

Cholesterol bụ ihe dị mma maka mkpụrụ ndụ niile. Ọ bụ ihe dị nro, dịkwa ụtọ, nke nwere abụba a na-agwakọta n'ime ahụ, naanị obere akụkụ na-esite na nri. Cholesterol dị ezigbo mkpa maka ibụ ahụ anụ ahụ, vitamin D na ụfọdụ homonụ. Cholesterol anaghị agbaze na mmiri, yabụ, site na ya, ọ nweghị ike ịgafe n'ahụ. Ihe ndị a na-akpọ lipoproteins na-enyere aka ibugharị cholesterol na sistem. Enwere ụdị lipoproteins abụọ dị ukwuu:

“Dị mma” (HDL ma ọ bụ oke njupụta lipoproteins),
"Ihe ojoo" (LDL ma ọ bụ lipoproteins, nke nwere njupụta dị ala) lipoproteins.

Ọkwa cholesterol zuru oke n'ime ọbara sitere na 140-200 mg / dl. Ma, cholesterol zuru oke anaghị enye nkọwa zuru oke banyere ọnọdụ ahụike. Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ụdị cholesterol abụọ (ya bụ, n'etiti HDL na HDL) bụ ihe ngosipụta dị mkpa nke ogo CVD. N'ime ọbara ahụ, ụdị atọ dị n'ụdị abụba - triglycerides. Site na mmụba na ọkwa ha, ntinye nke HDL na-ebelata.

Triglycerides bụ ụdị nke abụba echekwara n'ime ahụ. Mgbe ị na-eche banyere abụba n'úkwù gị na afọ gị, ị na-eche gbasara triglycerides. Ha na-anọchite anya njedebe ngwaahịa nke mmebi nke abụba riri nri. Typesdị nri ọ bụla nke ahụ gị gụrụ gbadara agbado ma ọ bụ nke na-enweghị ebumnuche ike ike ma ọ bụ mkpa ndị ọzọ na-agbanwe gaa na triglycerides echekwara na anụ ahụ adipose. Dika cholesterol, a na - ebu ihe triglycerides n’arụ site na lipoproteins.

Ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ anyị ejirila Aterol belata cholesterol. Thehụ ihe ama ama n’ahịa a, anyị kpebiri itinye ya n’ọrụ gị.

Cholesterol dị n'ime nri nwere ike imerụ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na a usedụbiga ya ókè. Kolesterol dị elu na-eme ka ohere nke CVD dịkwuo elu, nkụchi obi na ọrịa strok. Mgbe oke LDL na-erugharị n’ime ọbara, nke a nwere ike iduga n’ịbepụta kọlọtọlọsị (ngwakọta cholesterol) n’elu mmiri nke akwara ozi. Obere ite ga-eji nwayọ wara ma ọ bụ gbochie akwara akwara, nke na-eduga n'ịbelata ọbara na-eruga na ụbụrụ, obi na akụkụ ahụ ndị ọzọ. Nke a nwere ike ibute nkụchi obi ma ọ bụ ọrịa strok.

Gini mere cholesterol ji ebili? N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, n'ụfọdụ mmadụ, cholesterol dị elu bụ n'ihi ihe nketa. Agbanyeghị, isi ihe kpatara cholesterol dị elu n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ bụ ibi ndụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị yana nchịkọta nke iri nnukwu abụba, nke nwere ụba abụba juru afọ. Enwere ike igbochi cholesterol dị elu, mgbe ụfọdụ o zuru ezu iji dozie nri ma webata mmega ahụ na ndụ gị. Ọ bụrụ na nke a ezughi, mgbe ahụ dọkịta nwere ike ịkwado ị certainụ ọgwụ ụfọdụ na-ebelata cholesterol.

Ihe ịrịba ama nke mmụba

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe mgbaàmà nke cholesterol dị elu anaghị apụta. N'ọnọdụ ka ukwuu, cholesterol dị elu na-eduga CVD dị ize ndụ (nkụchi obi, ọrịa strok, na ndị ọzọ) ma na-achọpụta mgbe a na-enyocha ya na ha. Ọrịa ndị a na-etolite n'ihi nkwụnye akwa plasta cholesterol n'okporo ụzọ akwara ozi. Otu ụzọ ị ga - esi achọpụta ihe dị egwu a bụ ịme nyocha ọbara maka cholesterol. Ọ dị mma ịnwale maka cholesterol mgbe ị gachara afọ iri abụọ. Ọ bụrụgodi na cholesterol zuru oke, ọ dị mma ilele ọkwa ọbara ya otu ugboro n'ime afọ ise. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa ga - enye gị cholesterol dị elu, mgbe ahụ, dọkịta nwere ike ịkwado ịme ụdị nyocha ahụ ọtụtụ oge. Ọzọkwa, a na-eme nyocha ugboro ugboro maka cholesterol n'ọnọdụ ebe enwere ihe ọghọm (ọbara mgbali elu, oke ibu, ị smokingụ sịga).

Ka anyị nyochaa nkenke ihe ịrịba ama na ihe mgbaàmà na-etolite n'ọnọdụ mgbe kọlestrọl dị elu na-eduga CVD.

Coronary insufficiency

Ọrịa di na nwunye nwere ike ịdị iche na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị. Agbanyeghị, na ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị, CVD ka bụ isi ihe na-akpata ọnwụ na mba ndị mepere emepe. Ihe nrịba ama a ga - ahụkarị oke akwara gụnyere:

angina pectoris, obi mgbu,
ọgbụgbọ
mkpụkpu ume
mgbu na olu, olu afọ ma ọ bụ azụ,
ọnya ma ọ bụ daa nkwụ na ụkwụ.

Plamata ọnya na - eme ka ihe dị mma cholesterol na - ebute oke ikuku oxygen na - ebunye ya na akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ụbụrụ. Nke a bụ ihe mere na ọrịa strok. Ọnọdụ ụbụrụ bụ ihe mberede, chọrọ ọgwụgwọ ọfụma maka nlekọta mberede. Mgbaàmà gụnyere:

mwepu nke nguzosi ike na nhazi
na mberede anya isi
ụdị ihu (ptosis nke nkuchianaya ma ọ bụ ọnụ n'otu akụkụ),
enweghi ike imeghari (karie asymmetric),
ọgba aghara, enweghị nkwekọ,
okwu nzuzu
ọnya na ihu, ogwe aka, ụkwụ (karịsịa asymmetric),
ọhụhụ ụzọ, ọhụụ abụọ
mberede isi ọwụwa.

A na-egbochi akwara ndị na-enye obi ọbara ọbara n'ihi ọtụtụ ngwugwu. Usoro a, ana - akpọ atherosclerosis, anaghị egbu oge ma asymptomatic. N'ime oge, enwere ike ikewapụ ihe ncheta. Mgbe nke a mere, ọbara na - akpụ ọbara gburugburu ya. Nke a nwere ike iduga imechi akwara ọbara na-ebute akwara obi, na-eduga na ischemia. N'ihi mbibi obi ma ọ bụ necrosis nke anụ ahụ ya n'ihi enweghị oxygen, nkụchi obi amalite. Ihe ịrịba ama nke nkụchi obi gụnyere:

mmetụta nke ike na ndagide n’ime obi, ihe mgbu n’obi ma ọ bụ ogwe aka,
nsogbu iku ume
nchegbu,
anya ntughari
ọgbụgbọ, afọ mgbu, ma ọ bụ obi mgbawa,
ọrụ karịrị akarị.

Myocardial infarction bụ ọnọdụ chọrọ ọgwụgwọ ngwa ngwa maka nlekọta mberede. Ọkpụkpụ akwara akwara nwere ike ghara ịgbagha agbagha ma ọ bụ ọbụna gbuo ya ma ọ bụrụ na enyereghị ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ.

Atherosclerosis nke akwara akwara

Ọrịa a bụ ihe si na cholesterol dị elu, nke na-eduga na nchekwa ego n'ime akwara. Nke a gụnyere igbochi ọbara ọbara akụrụ, aka, afọ, ụkwụ. Mmalite nke ọrịa a gụnyere mgbaama ndị a:

N’apata ụkwụ ma na-ere ọkụ,
mgbu
ike ọgwụgwụ
gbagwojuru anya
erughị ala n’ụkwụ na ụkwụ,
ịchafụ, pallor na-enwu nke anụ ahụ n’ụkwụ na n’ụkwụ,
Ọrịa ọnya n'ụkwụ na ụkwụ, nke na-agwọ nwayọ nwayọ,
Na-eme ka mbọ ụkwụ gị na-akụ,
belata uto ntutu n'ụkwụ ya.

Usoro nri

Kolesterol dị elu nwere ike ime ka mmadụ nwee ike ibụ ihe ọ bụla, ọ na - ebute iberibe gallstones. Onu ogugu di uku nke ikpere bu site na cholesterol di elu. Nchikota ngwugwu na akwara ndi mmadu nwere ike iduba imechi obara nke obara n’azu na n’onu. Mgbe akwara ndị na-enye eriri afọ na-egbochi ọbara ọgbụgba, ischemic syndrome na-amalite, tinyere mgbu afọ, ọgbụgbọ, vomiting, na stools ọbara.

Ihe Ndị Na-akpata Esemokwu

N'ụfọdụ, cholesterol dị elu bụ ihe nketa. N'ime ime nke a, imeju gị ga - ewepụta cholesterol dị ukwuu, ma ọ bụ ahụ gị agaghị ewepụ LDL n'ọbara n'ụzọ dị irè. Cholesterol elu na oke triglyceride nwere ike jikọta ya na ọrịa ndị ọzọ, dị ka ọrịa shuga. Mana n'ọtụtụ oge, ọ na - akpata cholesterol dị elu site na iri oke nri na abụba juru afọ, yana mmega ahụ ezughi oke. N’etiti ndị na-ebu oke ibu, kọlọsịji dị elu bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị.

Ihe ụfọdụ na-eme ka mmadụ nwe cholesterol. Ọ bụghị ha niile ka aga ewepụ, mana ụfọdụ nwere ike wepụ ya. Ihe ndị kachasị mkpa maka ịmalite cholesterol dị elu gụnyere:

oke ibu na oke ibu,
na-eri nri nke gụnyere ọtụtụ abụba juju afọ na abụba trans, nke a na-ahụ n'ọtụtụ nri na esigharị eghe.
enweghi mmeghari
ihe nketa sitere na CVD,
ọbara mgbali elu
ise siga
ọrịa shuga
hyperthyroidism
ọgba aghara jaundice
hyperadrenocorticism,
Ọrịa nkwonkwo akwara,
ụkwara akwara na-adịghị ala ala
nephrotic syndrome.

Otutu ndi mmadu adighi egosiputa ihe obula nke cholesterol di elu. Nyocha ọbara n'okwu a bụ naanị ụzọ iji chọpụta oke nke cholesterol. Ọ bụrụ na ọkwa cholesterol dị n'ọbara gị karịrị 200 mg / dl ma ọ bụ HDL n'okpuru 40, mgbe ahụ, dọkịta ahụ nwere ike ịchọ ịme nnwale afọ efu iji mee ka nchọpụta ahụ dịkwuo nkọ. Site na ụdị nyocha a, ịkwesịrị izere iri nri maka awa iri na abụọ tupu ị nweta ọbara. N'agbanyeghi eziokwu na cholesterol di elu karia 200 mg / dl ka a na-ewere dika ihe di elu, n’okwu nke obula mmadu kwesiri ime ihe, n’iburu n'uche onodu ahuike nke onye oria na odida ma obu odighi CVD. Ihe ndị a bụ ọkwa dị iche iche nke ọkwa cholesterol na nkọwa ndị dọkịta kwuru:

Mgbochi

Otutu ndi mmadu nwere ike iwetulata cholesterol ha site n’iri ezigbo nri, mmega ahụ oge niile, na ịchịkwa ibu nke ha.

Nri zuru oke na-akwalite oke ibu. Ọbụna ịdị arọ nke naanị kilo 2-5 pụrụ inye aka melite njikwa cholesterol. Meziwanye nri gi dika nke a.

Belata oriri gi riri nne na nke abuba. Abụba zuru ezu ekwesịghị iweta ihe karịrị 10% nke ngụkọta kalori riri, a ga-ekpochapụ abụba trans kpamkpam. Nnyocha nyocha na-egosi na abụba trans na-abawanye n'ihe ize ndụ obi. Ekwesịrị ịhọrọ abụba na-enweghị afọ ojuju, dị ka mmanụ oliv na rapeseed.
Ghichaa grains, achịcha ọka, ọka nkịtị, osikapa agba aja, na bran.
Nri otutu nkpuru osisi na akwukwo nri bara ụba na akwara na cholesterol di ala.
Belata nri cholesterol. Achọtara cholesterol kachasị ukwuu na yolks egg, ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi na ngwa nri.
Iri azu riri nne (dika salmon oke ohia, udiri azu ma obu okuko), rie nri ugboro abuo n'izu.
Rie nri nwere phytosterols na stanols a hụrụ n’ime mkpụrụ, mkpụrụ, mmanụ nri, ihe ọ orangeụ orangeụ oroma, bred. Nnyocha na-egosi na ị thatụ ọgwụ 2-3 nke phytosterols nwere ike belata LDL site na 15%.
Mụbaa iri nri ịba abụba dika oatmeal, ọka bali, ọka, mkpụrụ osisi, inine na ọka.

Ọtụtụ nri ndị achọtara ọhụrụ bụ ihe a ma ama n'etiti ndị mmadụ, mana ha anaghị aba uru maka oke ibu ogologo oge, yana oge ụfọdụ ọ na-emerụ ahụike, ebe ha na-ewepụ ihe ndị dị mkpa na nri. Ofdị nri dị iche iche na-ewepu nnukwu nri nri sitere na nri anaghị adị mma. Site na cholesterol dị elu, ndị ọkachamara na-akwado ike iji menu dịgasị iche, gụnyere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ nri na mkpụrụ osisi:

ọka: 6-8 nri kwa ụbọchị (ọkara n'ime ha kwesịrị ịbụ ọka ọka dum),
Inine: ugboro ugboro 3 kwa ụbọchị,
mkpụrụ osisi: 4-5 ugboro kwa ụbọchị,
Ngwaahịa ara ehi dị obere ma ọ bụ obere abụba: 2-3 ugboro n'ụbọchị,
anụ ezi, anụ ọkụkọ, azù: 85-170 gram kwa ụbọchị,
abụba na mmanụ: 2-3 tablespoons kwa ụbọchị (jiri abụba na-enweghị afọ ojuju, dị ka olive ma ọ bụ mmanụ canola),
mkpụrụ, mkpụrụ, mkpo: 3-5 ugboro n'izu,
Graham, shuga: ihe na-erughị 5 ugboro n'izu (nke dị obere, nke ka mma).

A na-atụ aro ka ị rie nri abụọ nke ụdị azụ dị nro kwa izu, gbochie nnu nnu (ọ dịghị ihe karịrị 2400 mg / ụbọchị). Ọ bụrụ na mmachi nnu na iri abụba na - emeghị ka enwe mmetụta ọ bụla metụtara cholesterol, mgbe ahụ, dọkịta nwere ike ikwu ka ị na - eri filoble ndị ọzọ, yana sterol osisi.

N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-atụ aro iri nri nri nke Mediterranean na-elekwasị anya n'iri ọka, mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri, azụ na mmanụ oliv. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu a nri nwere ọtụtụ abụba, ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere afọ ojuju. Ọzọkwa, nri a na - eriju afọ.

Ibu ibu site na mmega ahụ

Overbụ oke buru ibu na-ebute ihe egwu cholesterol dị elu na CVD. Ibu ibu na - eduga na mbelata nke mkpokọta triglyceride na mmụba na HDL. Na ọnụnọ nke oke ibu, ịkwesịrị ịgbalịsi ike maka ịdị mma ya na mbelata oge niile site na nri ndị na-enyocha ma sie ike.

Imega ahụ mgbe niile na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke CVD ma na-enyere aka belata LDL. Ha na-akachasị mma ma e jiri nri dị mma jikọtara ha. Naanị mmega ahụ nkeji iri atọ nke ike ọkara oge ise kwa izu nwere ike inyere gị aka belata ibu na LDL. Zụlite usoro ọzụzụ na inyocha ogo nke ikike ikwere, ọ ka mma ịgakwuru onye ọkachamara.

Ọgwụ ọgwụ

Ọ bụrụ n’ịme nri na mmega ahụ oge niile anaghị enyere aka ịba ọcha n’anya, mgbe ahụ, ọkachamara nwere ike inye gị ọgwụ maka cholesterol dị elu. N'ọnọdụ ebe nsonaazụ ule ọbara na-egosi oke cholesterol dị elu (karịa 200 mg / dl), enwere ike ịkọwa ọgwụ ọgwụ site na mmalite, n'otu oge yana nri na mmega. A na - ekewa ọgwụ ndị a na - ejikarị wedata cholesterol ke otu ndị a:

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị a bụ ọgwụ ndị dị mkpa n'ọgụ megide cholesterol dị elu. Ha dị mfe ịdọrọ ha, ha anaghị eso ndị ọrụ ndị ọzọ emekọrịta ihe. Mmetụta dị n'akụkụ ọgwụ ndị a gụnyere myositis, mgbu nkwonkwo, afọ mgbu, na mmebi imeju. Ọnọdụ gụnyere:

lovastatin
pravastatin
rosuvastatin,
simvastatin
atorvastatin sz,
fluvastatin.

A na-eji ọgwụ a eme ihe iji belata LDL na iwelie HDL. Nsonaazụ gụnyere nchapu nke anụ ahụ, afọ mgbu, isi ọwụwa, ọgbụgbọ, ọgba aghara ihu na mmebi imeju.

Usoro nke bile acids:

A na-eji ọgwụ ndị a agwọ ọrịa cholesterol ọbara mgbali elu. Mmetụta ndị ọ na-enwe gụnyere imeju afọ ntachi, nkụchi obi, na ụba triglycerides. Ndị nwere triglycerides dị elu ekwesịghị ị medicationsụ ọgwụ ndị a. Otu ọgwụ a gụnyere:

Ndị na - egbochi Cholesterol

Ọgwụ a na-akpọ ezetimibe na-egbochi ịmịkọrọ cholesterol na obere eriri afọ. Nsonaazụ gụnyere isi ọwụwa, ọgbụgbọ, adịghị ike. A na-ejikarị ọgwụ a mgbe a jikọtara ya na simvastatin.

Nri nke fibroic acid:

Ọgwụ ndị a dị irè na wedata triglycerides. Ruo ntakịrị ntakịrị, ha bara uru na iweda ọkwa LDL. Ndị mmadụ na-ejikarịghị nkọcha ha na-ejikarị ya. Mmetụta dị n'akụkụ ya gụnyere myositis, afọ mgbu, eserese, ọnya obi, ọgba aghara nke obi, na mmebi imeju. Ọgwụ ndị a gụnyere:

N'ọnọdụ ebe onye ọrịa na-adịghị enweta otu ọgwụ ọgwụ, dọkịta nwere ike ịkọwa ngwakọta ọgwụ iji klas abụọ.

Ngwunye na nri ndị ọzọ

Na mgbakwunye na nri kwesịrị ekwesị akọwara n’elu, a na-atụ aro ka ụdị nri dị iche iche na mgbakwunye nri gbakwunye na nri nke nwere ike inye aka belata cholesterol.

Eriri Ọtụtụ nnyocha egosila na eriri mmiri solu dị na mkpo, oat bran, ọka bali, apụl na mkpụrụ flax na-ebelata LDL na triglycerides. Fibbi na-enyekwa aka n’ibelata ibu, ebe ọ na-eme ka mmadụ nwee mmetụta nke satiety. Menmụ nwoke kwesịrị iri ihe dị gram 30-38 kwa ụbọchị, ụmụ nwanyị kwesiri irichapụ grama 21-25.
Beta Glucan. Polydị polysaccharide soluble dị ugbu a na oat bran na osisi ndị ọzọ. N'ihi eziokwu ahụ na ọ na-agbadata LDL, a na-ewere oatmeal dị ka ụdị nri na-ebelata oke cholesterol.
Soya. Ọtụtụ nnyocha gosipụtara na iri protein soy (tofu, tem na miso) dịka ihe ọzọ maka anụ anụmanụ na-enyere aka belata cholesterol. Agbanyeghị, ọ nwere ike ịkari ịkpọtụrụ onye na-ahụ maka nri gị tupu ị containingụọ mgbakwunye nwere soy. Nke bụ eziokwu bụ na isoflavones dị na soy, dịka estrogen, nwere ike ibute oke ihe egwu nke kansa na ọrịa kansa ndị ọzọ.
Omega-3 fatty acids. Ngwakọta ndị a dị na nnukwu mmanụ na azụ iyak, ojiji ha na-enye aka na mgbochi CVD. Mgbe ewere ya dị ka nri nri, ihe ndị a nwere ike inye aka belata ọbara. Yabụ, ndị mmadụ na - a thinụ ọbara kwesịrị ịga hụ dọkịta tupu ha ewere mmanụ azụ.
Alfa linolenic acid. Ngwakọta a bụ iche iche nke Omega-3 ọdụdụ asịd nke na-enyere aka kpuchido ahụike obi. Agbanyeghị, ọ naghị enye aka na iwelata triglycerides, na mkpa maka iweda LDL dị ala na-echekwa.
Otutu nnyocha emere gosiri na iri vitamin a n’ime ihe ruru millenrams 100-200 kwa ubochi enyere aka cholesterol.
Beta Sisterol. Ngwakọta a bụ ihe ọkụkụ nke ahịhịa, ihe nwere ike belata absorption cholesterol. Ọtụtụ nnyocha gosipụtara na iji ihe a na-enyere aka belata LDL na ahụ. Okwesiri ighota na beta-sisterol nwekwara ike belata ogo nke vitamin E na beta-carotene nke eriri afọ na-abanye. N'ihi ya, ị nwere ike ịga hụ dọkịta.
Policosanol. A na - enweta okpukpo a sitere n'okike, ọ nwere ike wedata LDL ma mụbaa HDL. O nwekwara ike igbochi mmadụ ịmalite ihie ọbara. N'aka nke ọzọ, Policosanol nwere ike ịbawanye n'ihe ize ndụ nke ọbara ọgbụgba, yabụ ndị na-eji ndị na-eche echiche ọbara ekwesịghị ewere ya.
Coenzyme Q10. Ndị ọrụ nyocha kwenyere na coenzyme Q10 nwere ike iwelie ọkwa antioxidant, nke na - enyere aka igbochi CVD. Ndị mmadụ na-ewere statins na-enwekarị ọnọdụ dị ala nke coenzyme Q10. Yabụ, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-enye ha ọgwụ oriri na nri ndị ọzọ.
Polyphenols Polyphenols bụ ihe osisi sitere na osisi nwere ihe antioxidant. Ha nwere ike belata ihe ize ndụ nke atherosclerosis site na ibelata nsogbu LDL dị elu kpatara.
Resveratrol N'agbanyeghi eziokwu na a na-ewere resveratrol bara uru iji belata ihe ize ndụ nke CVD, amabeghị usoro kachasị mma nke oriri ya. Ọzọkwa, resveratrol, ọ dị nwute, nwere mmetụta yiri nke estrogen, nke a na-achọghị. Ọ nwekwara ike iso ọgwụ ndị ọzọ meekọrịta. Yabụ, ịchọrọ nyocha nke dọkịta tupu itinye ihe a na nri.

Ogwu ogwu

A na-eji ọgwụ herbal arụ ọrụ na ọgwụgwọ nke cholesterol dị elu. Okwesiri ighota na ogwu ogwu nwere ike imekorita ogwu. Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa ịkpọtụrụ onye ọkachamara tupu ị toụ ọgwụ ọgwụ. Osisi na-enyere obere cholesterol gụnyere:

hawthorn
galiki
plantain
guggul
osikapa na-acha ọbara ọbara.

Prognosis na ihe egwu dị na nsogbu

Ọ bụrụ na agwọtaghị ya, kọlestrọl dị elu nwere ike ibute ọtụtụ nsogbu. Ndị a gụnyere:

Ọria obi: cholesterol elu karia ugboro 2 na - ebute ohere nke nkụchi obi. Mbelata cholesterol nke 1% na-eduga na mbelata 2% n'ihe ize ndụ nke enweghi oke olu.
Ọrịa Ejikọtara HDL dị ala na ihe ize ndụ ịrịa ọrịa strok.
Nlegide insulin. 88% nke ndị nwere HDL dị ala yana 84% nke ndị nwere nnukwu triglycerides nwere nguzogide insulin na-eduga n'ọtụtụ shuga dị elu. Ọtụtụ ndị nwere ọgwụ insulin na-eche ọrịa shuga ihu.

Iji melite prognosis nke ogologo oge nke hypercholesterolemia, ọ dị mkpa iji nọgide na-enwe oke ziri ezi, rie nri dị ala n'ime oke abụba zuru oke na ọkwa ahụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke mmega ahụ. Kedụ uru dị n’arụ n’ịhazi kọlestrọl? Uru kachasị na nke a bụ mbelata dị ukwuu n'ihe egwu CVD, yana ịkọ nkọ na ọ bụrụ na ọrịa ndị a adịlarị.

O kwesiri iju m anya banyere cholesterol di elu ma oburu na n’oge ahughi nsogbu a. Agbanyeghị na ị nwere kọlestrọl nkịtị ma nweekwa nsogbu na CVD, ịkwesịrị ịgbaso ụzọ ndụ dị mma iji nye ahụ gị ohere oke nchekwa maka ọdịnihu. Nke a gụnyere nri mara mma, mmega ahụ oge niile, izere ị smokingụ sịga na ị alcoholụbiga mmanya ókè. Ọ dị mkpa icheta na ị abuseụbiga mmanya ókè na-emetụtakwa ihe ndị na-akpata cholesterol dị elu.

Ọrịa hypercholesterolemia

A na - akpọ cholesterol dị elu n'ihi ihe eketa eketa bụ hereditary hypercholesterolemia. Ejiri ọtụtụ atụmatụ mara ọrịa a, yabụ na-atụle ya ebe a iche. Site n'ọbara hypercholesterolemia, ọkwa nke LDL n'ọbara gafere iwu ahụ site na mgbe ọ bụ nwa. A na-achọpụta ọrịa a metabolic n'oge elele ahụike oge. Ọ nwekwara ike ịchọpụta ya mgbe ụfọdụ site na ọnụnọ ngwugwu mara abụba na anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ gburugburu anya. Ọgwụ ahụ mejupụtara na ụzọ ndụ dị mma na ị takingụ ọgwụ ndị belata cholesterol.

Ihe na-akpata cholesterol dị elu na hypercholesterolemia

Ihe kpatara hypercholesterolemia bu ihe ezighi ezi sitere na ihe omumu ahu bu nke n’eme ka cholesterol metabolism di n’aru. N'ihi nkwarụ a, LDL adịghị ebibi nke ọma ma chịkọbara n'ime ọbara. N'ọnọdụ ka ukwuu, a na-eketa eketa na-adịghị mma site n'aka otu n'ime ndị nne na nna. Ọ bụrụ na nketa bụ homozygous, ya bụ, ndị nne na nna bụ ndị na-ebu ụdị ndụ jọrọ njọ dị otú ahụ, ọrịa ahụ na-esite n'ụdị siri ike (homozygous). A chọpụtara ụdị hypercholesterolemia Heterozygous n'otu ikpe n'ime 500. homodị oria homozygous adịkarịghị.

Njirimara nke oria

Otu ihe dị mkpa nke ọrịa a bụ mmepe nke CVD na nwata. Ọ kpatara ya site na ịtọ ntọala nke atherosclerotic na mgbidi dị n'ime mgbidi akwara ọbara. Nke a nwere ike ibute nkụchi obi n’etiti ndị na-eto eto. Na mgbakwunye, a hụrụ ihe ndị dị ịtụnanya:

xanthomas - abụba abụba na anụ ahụ, nke bara ụba na kọlesterol, nke a na-ahụkarị gburugburu ikpere, ikpere, na akwara ụkwụ,
xanthelasma - abụba abụba na nkuanya,
njikwa nkuku
oke ibu.

Nchoputa na ọgwụgwọ nke hypercholesterolemia

Ọtụtụ mgbe, nchọpụta nke ọrịa a na-apụta n'oge nyocha ahụike na kọmitii ọgwụ. Ọzọkwa, dọkịta ma ọ bụ onye ọrịa ahụ n'onwe ya nwere ike ịchọpụta nkwụnye abụba na anụ ahụ ma ọ bụ gburugburu anya. Ọ bụrụ na a chọpụta ọrịa a na ezigbo onye ikwu gị, mgbe ahụ enwere ike ịgwa gị ka ị nwalee maka cholesterol dị elu.

N'ime ndị okenye, ọnụnọ ọrịa a na-echekarị na ọkwa cholesterol dị elu karịa 7.5 milliles kwa lita ma ọ bụ nchịkọta LDL karịrị 4.9. N'ime ụmụaka gbara afọ 10 ruo 15, ọnụego ụkpụrụ nke ihe ngosi ndị a bụ 6.7 na 4.0, otu.

N'ihe banyere heterozygous hereditary hypercholesterolemia na ụmụaka na ndị ntorobịa, mmepe nke mgbaàmà anaghị ele anya. Agbanyeghị, ka afọ na-abawanye, enwere ike ịchọ ọgwụgwọ maka ọrịa a iji gbochie CVD.

Nhọrọ ọgwụgwọ

N'ịbụ ọrịa ọrịa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, hypercholesterolemia na-ebutekarị abụghị nke ndụ na-adịghị mma. Agbanyeghị, idebe ahụ gị nke ọma ga-enyere gị aka igbochi nsogbu ọ bụla n’ọdịnihu. Thezọ ndị a ga - enyere gị aka ichebe ahụ gị.

Iri nri N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọbụlagodi na enweghị oke ibu ma ọ bụ oke ibu, achọrọ ndụmọdụ banyere nri.
Mmega ahụ na-agafeghị oke.
Se anwụrụ.
Nọgide na-aha gị otú kwesịrịnụ.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-atụ aro ọgwụ ndị na-alalata cholesterol. Ndi akachari edeputa bu ihe anwu. Smụaka na-arịa ọrịa na-ewerekarị akpụrụ akpụ n'oge nwata ma ọ bụ nwata. Childrenfọdụ ụmụaka nwere ike ịchọ apheresis. Usoro ọgwụgwọ a, mgbe a na-eji nzacha nke LDL sitere n'ọbara, na-ejikọkarị ya n'ihe banyere hyzycholesterolemia homozygous. Dọkịta na-aga ahụ nwere ike ikwu na ndị ọzọ so n'ezinụlọ onye ọrịa ka a nyocha ya maka cholesterol dị elu.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, prognosis maka ndị ọrịa nwere hypercholesterolemia ezinụlọ bụ ihe dị mma n'ihe banyere ndụ ahụike, ilele cholesterol mgbe niile na ị takingụ ọgwụ niile edenyela ya. N'ihe banyere ụdị ọrịa ahụ homozygous, prognosis adịchaghị mma.

Ibelata cholesterol Statin: ogwu na nri

Statins bụ ọgwụ kachasị dị ala na-akụda ike. Ha na-egbochi enzyme nke na-akpata cholesterol n'ime imeju, ebe ọdịnaya ya na ọbara na-ebelata. N'otu oge, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-anabata LDL na-abawanye, nke na-eduga n'ịgbapụta ngwa ngwa nke "cholesterol ọjọọ" n'ọbara. A na-enyekarị ọgwụ ndị na-esonụ:

simvastatin (vasilip, zokor, aries, simvageksal, simvakard, simvakol, simvastin, simvastol, simvo, simlo, sincard, holvasim),
lovastatin (kadiostatin, choletar),
pravastatin
atorvastatin (anvistat, atocor, atomax, ator, atorvox, atoris, vazator, lipoford, lypimar, liptonorm, novostat, torvazin, torvakard, tulip),
rosuvastatin (akorta, obe, mertenil, rosart, rosistark, rosucard, rosulip, roxera, rustor, tevastor),
pitavastatin (livazo),
fluvastatin (leskol).

A na-eji Lovastatin na simvastatin mee ihe. Ndị a bụ “prodrugs” nke imeju na-agbanwe metabolites na-arụ ọrụ. Pravastatin bụ usoro nke metabolites fungal, mana ọnaghị metabolized n'ime imeju, mana ọ bụlarị ihe na-arụ ọrụ. Fluvastatin na atorvastatin bụ ọgwụ sịntetik zuru oke.

A na-ahazi statins otu ugboro n’ụbọchị na mgbede, ebe ọ bụ na oke cholesterol dị n'ahụ na-apụta n'abalị. Nke nta nke nta, usoro ha nwere ike ịba ụba. Nsonaazụ ahụ emeelarị n’ụbọchị mbụ nke nchịkwa, rute otu kachasị n’otu ọnwa.

Statins adịghị mma. Agbanyeghị, mgbe ị na-eji nnukwu onyunyo, ọkachasị yana yana fibrates, ọrụ imeju na-arụ ọrụ ga-ekwe omume. Patientsfọdụ ndị ọrịa na-enwe obi mgbu na ike akwara.

Statins anaghị emetụta metabolism na metabolism. Enwere ike ịkọ ha maka gout, ọrịa shuga, oke ibu.

Statins bụ akụkụ nke ụkpụrụ maka ọgwụgwọ nke atherosclerosis. Edere ha dị ka monotherapy ma ọ bụ na njikọta na ndị ọzọ antiatherosclerotic. Enwere ngwakọta a kwadebere maka lovastatin na nicotinic acid, simvastatin na ezetimibe (ingee), pravastatin na fenofibrate, rosuvastatin na ezetimibe.

Njikọ nke statins na acetylsalicylic acid, yana atorvastatin na amlodipine (duplexor, caduet) dị. Ojiji nkwakọba a kwadebere na-eme ka mmadụ ịgbasochi ọgwụgwọ anya (irube isi), na-aba uru karịa nke akụ na ụba, ma na-akpata mmetụta dị ole na ole.

Ọgwụ ndị ọzọ na-eme ka egbusi ike gwụ

Benzaflavin bụ otu nke vitamin B2. Ọ na - eme ka metabolism dị na imeju, na - ebute mbelata ọbara mgbali elu, triglycerides, cholesterol zuru oke. A na-anabata ọgwụ ahụ nke ọma, edepụtara ya n'ọtụtụ ọmụmụ.

Mkpa nwere phospholipids dị mkpa, vitamin B, nicotinamide, acid na-enweghị afọ ojuju, sodium pantothenate. Ọgwụ na-emezi mmebi na mkpochapu cholesterol nke "ọjọọ", na-eme ka akụrụngwa bara uru nke cholesterol dị mma.

Lipostable dị nso na usoro na ihe dị Mkpa.

A na-enye Omega-3 triglycerides (omacor) maka ịgwọ ọrịa hypertriglyceridemia (ewezuga ụdị hyperchilomicronemia nke 1), yana maka mgbochi nke ugboro ugboro myocardial infarction.

Ezetimibe (ezetrol) na-egbu oge ịnwe cholesterol na eriri afọ, na -ebelata oriri ya na imeju. Ọ na --ebelata ọdịnaya nke cholesterol "ọjọọ" n'ime ọbara. Ọgwụ a kachasị dị mma na njikọta na statins.

Vidiyo na isiokwu "Cholesterol na statins: ọ bara uru ị theụ ọgwụ?"

Isi ihe ngosi nke profaịlụ lipid

Nyochaa profaịlụ nke egbugbere ọnụ na-enye gị ohere ịchọpụta mmebi nke metabolism abụba. Nke a dị mkpa maka ọgwụgwọ na mgbochi nke ọrịa pathologies na oke ibu.

Egosi mmanu mmanu mmanu:

A na-ahụta cholesterol dị ka otu ihe dị mkpa nke lipids, n'ọbara ọ nwere ike ịbụ na ọnọdụ enweghị ya, yana lipoproteins na n'ụdị a kpụrụ akpụ (onyinye na abụba abụba). Na-enweghị ya, ibụ membranes nke sel, njikọ nke homonụ nwoke na nwoke na nwanyị, bile acid na vitamin D agaghị enwe ike omume .. Ihe ngosipụta dị ka kọlestrọl ọnụ gụnyere mkpokọ na ụdị cholesterol niile. A na-emepụta cholesterol 80% na ahụ mmadụ (umeji, eriri afọ), naanị ihe dị ka 20% sitere na nri.
Lipoproteins dị obere (LDL) bụ ụmụ irighiri ihe nke nwere protein na “ọjọọ” cholesterol. Ihe di na beta lipoproteins. Ha na - ebuga cholesterol site na imeju ya na akwara. LDL dị elu na-ebute oke ohere nke ịmalite ọrịa atherosclerosis.
Nnukwu njupụta lipoproteins (HDL) na-enyefe mkpụrụ ndụ akwara site na mkpụrụ ndụ na-emetụta imeju, ebe ha na-emebi ngwaahịa ikpeazụ - bile acid. Ma ọ bụghị ya, a na-akpọ ha ọgwụ alfa lipoproteins ma ọ bụ kọlestrọl “dị mma”, uru ihe na-egosi bụ na ha enweghị atụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha ga-ebute atherosclerosis. Di elu gosipụtara, ntakịrị ihe gbasara ọrịa ahụ nwere ike ịdị ala.

Tebụl lọọlụ maka ụmụ nwanyị gbara afọ iri ise na ise

Ihe kpatara Hypercholesterolemia

Mmụba nke egbugbere ọnụ ọbara nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ọtụtụ ihe dị iche iche. Hypercholesterolemia n'onwe ya abụghị ọrịa, naanị ihe ọ na-egosi bụ na ọ ga-akụrịrị usoro metabolism abụba.

Ihe na - akpata Cholesterol dị elu:

Mmechi

Imebi nri.
Eketa.
Ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala (ọrịa shuga mellitus, hypothyroidism, ọrịa imeju).
Omume ojoo.
Ndụ Sedentary.
Ibu ibu

Mgbe afọ 50 gachara, ụmụ nwanyị nwere mmụba nke cholesterol ọbara. Nke a bụ n'ihi mbido menopause. Homonụ nke Ovarian (estrogens) na-echebe vaskụla endothelium ụmụ nwanyị na mmetụta ọjọọ nke cholesterol, na-egbochi ịmalite nke atherosclerotic plaques.

Mwepu nke ọrụ nke nwanyi na - anapụ nwanyị nke nchekwa okike a, na - eme ka o nwekwuo ohere nke atherosclerosis na ọrịa ndị na - eso ya - ọrịa obi obi, obi ọgụ na ọrịa strok.

Dika onu ogugu, mgbe menopause gasịrị, ogo cholesterol na LDL na abawanye site na 6-10% kwa afo. Nri a na-achịkwaghị achịkwa na-ebutekarị mmụba nke egbugbere ọnụ. Nri ngwa ngwa kacha emerụ ahụ ahụ n'ihi oke ọdịnaya nke abụba trans. Na mgbakwunye na mmetụta ọjọọ na metabolism abụba, ha nwekwara mmetụta carcinogenic akpọ.

Ọgwụ na-abụghị ọgwụ

Iji kwado cholesterol, ị ga-agbaso iwu nke ibi ndụ dị mma. Usjụ omume ọjọọ, mmega ahụ oge niile, na nri nwere ike inye aka mee ka ọ ghara ịdị mma ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-eme obere ihe.

Oriri na-edozi ahụ maka hypercholesterolemia kwesịrị ịhazigharị, kwalite nke ọma na anụ ahụ anụ ahụ.

Agbanyeghị, ị ga-amachibelata ihe oriri dị na cholesterol, mana n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla ekwesighi iwepu ha kpamkpam na nri. Ndị a bụ ngwaahịa dị ka ude gbara ụka, bọta, àkwá, cheese, soseji, anụ.

A na-atụ aro ka ịhọrọ ụdị nke nwere obere pasent nke abụba, anụ ezi na-ahọrọ anụ ezi. A na-adụ ọdụ anụ ahụ na-ahụ anya n'ihu nri tupu a na-enye ndụmọdụ ka ebibie ya. Mayonezi, nri ngwa ngwa ka mma iwepu nri zuru oke, ọ dị mkpa iji belata iri nnu, a na-eri yolks karịa 2 ugboro n'izu. Nnọọ uru maka azụ ahụ, karịsịa mmiri.

N'ime nri ụbọchị, ịkwesịrị ịgbakwunye ọka, akwụkwọ nri, ahịhịa, mkpụrụ. Ngwa nri akwukwo nri bara ụba na eriri, vitamin na mineral, na-enye aka na mmezi nke metabolism nke mmanu mmanu site na-akpali oru nke HDL na ibelata nnabata cholesterol na eriri afọ.

Ọgwụ ọgwụ

N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla, mkpochapu nke ọkwa cholesterol site n'ụkpụrụ kwesịrị ekwesị enweghị ike ileghara anya. N'ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ka ịgakwuru onye na-agwọ ọrịa. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ọ nwere ike ịkwado nyocha ọzọ, zipu maka ịkpọtụrụ onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa obi na endocrinologist. Ọgwụ ịgwọ ọrịa hypercholesterolemia bụ nke ndị dọkịta na-ahụ maka ya na-agwọkarị ya.

Ọgwụ Li-emezi:

Statins (lovastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin) belata njikọta cholesterol site na imeju, na-enye aka na iwepụ LDL n'ọbara yana itinyekwu ya na imeju. Enweghị ike ịkọ ya maka ọrịa imeju.
Fibrates (ciprofibrate, fenofibrate) na-abawanye elu nke HDL ma belata ọdịnaya nke triglycerides n'ime ọbara. Nwere ike iji statins.
Niacin (niacin) na -ebelata mkpokọta triglycerides na LDL n'ọbara, na-abawanye ọdịnaya nke HDL. Contraindicated na ọnya afọ.
Achọpụtaghị ndị na-achọ ọgwụ nke bile ugbu a n'onwe ha, enwere ike ịkọwa ha ka ọ bụrụ ngwa mgbakwunye maka ọgwụgwọ statin.
A na-atụ aro omega-3 polyunsaturated faty acids (Omacor) maka ịgwọ ndị ọrịa mgbe infarction myocardial.
Cholesterol absorption inhibitors (ezetimibe) gbochie nnabata nke cholesterol n'ime obere eriri afọ, ka ejiri ya mee ya na njikọ.

Ekwesịrị icheta na ọgwụ ịchọrọ onwe gị na-eyi nsonaazụ na-adịghị mma, ọgwụ ahụ na usoro ịchọrọ ahụ kwesịrị ka ọkachamara nke nyocha sitere na nyocha nke nyocha.

Ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụ ndiife

Site na hypercholesterolemia, ihe ndozi ugwu nke ugwu a kwadebere site na iji ihe uto di nma. Ọ ga - enyere aka cholesterol dị ala na ụbọchị iri 40 nke ị linụ mmanụ linseed (20 g kwa ụtụtụ na afọ efu) ma ọ bụ nke nwere oke mmiri, enwere ike itinye ya na salads ma ọ bụ were ya na ọkara otu teaspoon nke ntụ ntụ. Maka mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ nke atherosclerosis, a na-eji ọgwụ ndị na-eme nkụ nke linden ifuru ma ọ bụ mgbọrọgwụ dandelion nke ọma. Ọ dị mkpa ịnabata ha na ngaji 1 tupu nri.

Nyere aka ịnagide oria na ofe nke oke ohia. Iji kwadebe ya, a ga-awụpụ 20 g nke mkpụrụ osisi a mịrị amị na iko mmiri esi, gbanye 15 nkeji n'elu obere okpomọkụ, mgbe ahụ, nje. Were ọkara iko decoction ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị. Ccessfulga nke ọma n'ọgụ megide dyslipidemia na ngwaahịa anu (bee achịcha, propolis).

N'ihi ọdịnaya dị elu nke vitamin na mineral, ngwaahịa ọgwụ ọdịnala ọ bụghị nanị na-enyere aka ime ka arịa ọbara ike ma sachapụ ha nke cholesterol, kamakwa mee ka ọgụ ahụ dịkwuo mma ma melite ọdịmma.