Ntụziaka maka ị drugsụ ọgwụ, analogues, nyocha

Metformin hydrochloride bụ ntụ ntụ na-enweghị ụcha ma ọ bụ ọcha, nke na-mmiri nke ukwuu na mmiri, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara insoluble na ether, acetone, chloroform, nwere oke molikula nke 165.63. Metformin hydrochloride bụ ọgwụ ọgwụ hypoglycemic nke sitere na ìgwè biguanide. Metformin hydrochloride na-ebelata ọkwa nke hyperglycemia, ebe anaghị eduga na mmepe nke hypoglycemia. Metformin hydrochloride enweghị mmetụta hypoglycemic ma ọ dịghị akpali akpali insulin na mmadụ nwere ahụ ike, n'adịghị ka sulfonylureas. Metformin hydrochloride na-abawanye uche nke ndị na - anabata ihe na - eme insulin ma na - abawanye uru glucose site na mkpụrụ ndụ. Metformin hydrochloride na-egbochi gluconeogenesis na glycogenolysis, nke na-eduga n'ịbelata mmepụta glucose. Metformin hydrochloride na-egbochi nnabata nke glucose na eriri afọ. Metformin hydrochloride na-abawanye ike ibufe ụdị ụdị ndị na-ebugharị glucose akpụkpọ ahụ. Metformin hydrochloride na-arụ ọrụ na glycogen synthase ma na-akpali njikọ glycogen. Metformin hydrochloride nwekwara mmetụta dị mma na metabolism lipid: ọ na-ebelata mkpokọta cholesterol, triglycerides na lipoproteins dị ntakịrị. Site n'iji metformin hydrochloride, a na -ebelata ahụ ahụ onye ọrịa na-adị obere oge ma ọ bụ kwụsie ike. Omumu ihe omumu gosiputara oru nke metformin hydrochloride dika prophylaxis nke oria shuga n’ahia ndi nwere oria aria, onye n’enwe ihe ndi ozo di egwu maka mmepe nke udiri oria abuo nke oria a n’agbanweghi ndu ighabeghi ikike ịchịkwa ogo suga.
Mgbe etinyere metformin hydrochloride na-etinye obi gị dum na eriri afọ ga-ezu oke ngwa ngwa. Ezigbo bioavailability nke metformin hydrochloride mgbe ewere ya na afọ efu bụ 50 - 60%. Ntinye uche kachasị maka metformin hydrochloride na ọbara ọbara bụ ihe dịka 2 μg / ml (15 μmol) mgbe emesịrị 2 - 2.5. Mgbe ị na-ewere metformin hydrochloride na nri, a na-ebelata ọgwụ iji ọgwụ eme ihe ma na-egbu oge, a na-ebelata oke ị theụ ọgwụ ahụ site na 40%, ọnụego ihe ọ rụzuru na-eji nwayọ nwayọ jiri nkeji 35. Metformin hydrochloride ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na ọ nweghị ihe mgbochi na plasma ma na-ekesa ya ngwa ngwa. A na-enweta ntinye uche nke metformin hydrochloride n'ọbara ọbara n'ime ụbọchị 1 ruo 2 ma ọ gafere 1 μg / ml. Olu nkesa metformin hydrochloride (na otu ọgwụ 850 nke ọgwụ) sitere na 296 ruo 1012 lita. Metformin hydrochloride nwere ike ịgbakọ na gland, akụrụ na umeji. Metformin hydrochloride bụ metaraoli nke ọma na-emejọ nke akụrụ ma kpopụta ya na akụrụ. Nwepu nke metformin hydrochloride na ahụike dị ihe dị ka 400 ml / min (350 ruo 550 ml / min) (oge 4 dị elu karịa mwepụ nke creatinine), nke na-egosi ọnụnọ nke tubular ọgwụ na-arụ ọrụ. Ọkara ọkara nke metformin hydrochloride bụ ihe dị ka awa 6.5 (maka ọbara) na awa 17.6 (maka ọbara), a na-ekpebi ọdịiche a site n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na metformin hydrochloride nwere ike ịchịkọta sel ọbara. Ọ nwere akụrụngwa Metformin hydrochloride bụ nke kachasị site na tubular secretion na-agbanweghi agbanwe (90% n'ụbọchị). N'ime ndị ọrịa agadi, ọkara ndụ nke metformin hydrochloride na-abawanye ma ọnụọgụ ọgwụ kachasị n'ọbara n'ọbara na-abawanye. Na ọdịda akụrụngwa, ọkara ndụ metformin hydrochloride na-abawanye, mwepụ nke akụrụ na-agbadata, enwere ihe ize ndụ nke nchịkọta ọgwụ. Ọmụmụ anụmanụ na-eji metformin hydrochloride na usoro onunu ogwu ji okpukpu atọ karịa nke a tụrụ aro maka mmadụ mgbe egosiri na mpaghara ahụ anụbeghị ekpughere carcinogenic, mutagenic, Njirimara teratogenic na mmetụta na ọmụmụ.

Elldị shuga abụọ nke ọrịa shuga, ọkachasị na ndị ọrịa bu oke ibu, na enweghi ike nke mmega ahụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ nri, dịka monotherapy ma ọ bụ jikọtara ya na ọgwụ hypoglycemic nke ọzọ na-arịa ma ọ bụ insulin, mgbochi ụdị shuga nke 2 na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa ibu na-arịa ndị ọzọ nwere ihe ndị ọzọ dị ize ndụ maka mmepe ụdị 2 ọrịa shuga mellitus, na nke mgbanwe na ụzọ ndụ anaghị ekwe ka inweta ezigbo glycemic njikwa.
Ofzọ eji metformin hydrochloride na usoro onunu ogwu
A na-ewere ọnụ nke Metformin hydrochloride, a na-edobe usoro onyonyo na usoro nke Metformin hydrochloride n'otu n'otu.
Ndị okenye na monotherapy yana ngwakọta nke metformin hydrochloride na ọgwụ ọgwụ hypoglycemic ndị ọzọ maka ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 nke ọrịa mellitus: ọ na-abụkarị usoro mbụ nke metformin hydrochloride bụ 500 ma ọ bụ 850 mg 2 ruo ugboro atọ kwa ụbọchị n'oge nri ma ọ bụ mgbe nri gasịrị, a na-atụ aro ịgbanwe ọgwụ ahụ kwa 10 ruo 15 ụbọchị dabere na nsonaazụ nke ịre ọkwa glucose na ọbara ọbara, mmụba dị nwayọ na dose ahụ na-enyere aka belata mmeghachi omume metformin hydrochloride site na usoro nri. o doro anya na usoro mmezi nke metformin hydrochloride bụ 1500 - 2000 mg kwa ụbọchị na 2 ruo 3, usoro a na-atụ aro kwa ụbọchị nke metformin hydrochloride bụ 3000 mg, kewara n'ime usoro 3, mgbe ị na-eme atụmatụ mgbanwe site na ọgwụ hypoglycemic ọzọ, ị kwesịrị ịkwụsị ị takingụ ọgwụ a wee malite iji ya. metformin hydrochloride na usoro dị n'elu.
Ndị okenye nwere ngwakọta nke metformin hydrochloride na insulin: iji nweta njikwa mma nke ọbara glucose dị ala, metformin hydrochloride na insulin na ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị ọrịa shuga mellitus 2 nwere ike ịnwe dị ka ọgwụgwọ njikọta, ọgwụ mbụ nke metformin hydrochloride bụ 500 ma ọ bụ 850 mg ugboro abụọ 2-3 ,bọchị, yana ịtọ insulin na-esite n'ihe glucose dị n'ọbara ọbara.
N'ime ụmụaka gbara afọ 10, enwere ike iji metformin hydrochloride dị ka monotherapy yana yana insulin, ọgwụ mbụ nke metformin hydrochloride bụ 500 ma ọ bụ 850 mg otu ugboro n'ụbọchị ma ọ bụ mgbe nri, ọ dị mkpa iji dozie dose nke metformin hydrochloride mgbe 10 - 15 ụbọchị na Dabere na nsonaazụ nke ịba ọkwa glucose na ọbara ọbara, oke a na-atụ aro kwa ụbọchị nke metformin hydrochloride bụ 2000 mg, kewara abụọ ruo atọ.
Monotherapy nwere metformin hydrochloride n'ihe banyere ọrịa shuga: ọ na - abụkarị ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị bụ 1000 - 1700 mg, nke kewara abụọ, mgbe nri ma ọ bụ mgbe nri gasịrị, iji chọpụta mkpa maka iji ya mekwuo metformin hydrochloride, a na-atụ aro ka ị na-enyocha ọkwa glucose na ọbara ọbara.
Enwere ike iji Metformin hydrochloride na ndị ọrịa nwere obere akwara ezughị oke (na mwepụ nke creatinine 45 - 59 ml / min) naanị na enweghị ọnọdụ ndị na-eme ka ohere nke lactic acidosis dị ukwuu, ọgwụ mbụ nke metformin hydrochloride bụ 500 mg ma ọ bụ 850 mg otu ugboro kwa ụbọchị, kachasị nke ụbọchị dose nke metformin hydrochloride bụ 1000 mg, kewara abụọ. A ga-enyocha ọkwa nke akụrụ na arụ ọrụ ọnwa 3 ruo 6 ọ bụla. Ọ bụrụ na mwepụ nke creatinine na-agbada n'okpuru 45 ml / min, ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride kwesịrị ịkwụsị ozugbo.
Ndị ọrịa mere agadi nwere ike imebi onodu akụrụ, ụmụ metformin hydrochloride kwesịrị ka edobe ya n’ileba anya na mgbe niile ihe ngosipụta akụrụngwa (kpebisiri ike itinye plasma creatinine opekata mpe 2 ruo 4 kwa afọ).
Ekwesịrị iji Metformin hydrochloride kwa ụbọchị, na-enweghị nkwụsị. Mgbe ọ kwụsịrị ọgwụgwọ, onye ọrịa ahụ kwesịrị ịgwa onye nlekọta ahụike banyere nke a.
Ekwesịrị ịchọpụta nchoputa nke ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 bụ ọgwụ metformin hydrochloride.
N'oge a na-eji metformin hydrochloride, ọ dị mkpa ileba anya na akụrụngwa akụrụngwa na-arụ ọrụ, nzacha ọnụ, yana ibu ọnụ na glucose ọbara. Karịsịa, iji nlezianya nyochaa nlebara glucose glucose dị mkpa mgbe ị na-eji metformin hydrochloride na njikọ ọgwụ ndị ọzọ hypoglycemic (gụnyere insulin, repaglinide, sulfonylureas, na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ).
Lactic acidosis bụ ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe, mana njọ (ọnwu dị elu na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ mberede) nsogbu nwere ike ịmalite n'ihi mmụpụta nke metformin hydrochloride. N'ụzọ bụ isi, lactic acidosis na iji metformin hydrochloride tolitere na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa mellitus na nnukwu akụrụ. Ihe ndị ọzọ metụtara ihe egwu, dị ka ketosis, ọrịa mkpụrụ akụ na-arịa ọrịa shuga, ibu ọnụ ogologo oge, ọdịda imeju, a alcoụrụma, na ọnọdụ ọ bụla metụtara hypoxia siri ike, ekwesịrị ịtụle. Nke a nwere ike inye aka belata ọnọdụ nke lactic acidosis. Ọ dị mkpa iburu n'uche ihe ize ndụ nke lactic acidosis na mmepe nke akara ndị na-enweghị atụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, akwara olu, nke na-eso mgbu mgbu, ọnya dyspeptik, asthenia siri ike. Ejiri lactic acidosis site na mgbu nke afọ, mkpirisi iku ume nke acidotic, hypothermia na mmiri ọzọ. Ihe omumu ihe omumu ihe nlere bu ihe di n’ime pH ọbara (ihe kariri 7.25), uzo nke lactate nke kariri 5 mmol / l, ubara anion na elu nke lactate rue pyruvate. Ọ bụrụ na a na-enyo metabolic acidosis, ọ dị mkpa ịkwụsị ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride ma kpọọ dọkịta ozugbo. N'oge a na-eji metformin hydrochloride, ọ dị mkpa iji chọpụta ọkwa plasma nke lactate ọbụlagodi ugboro n’afọ, yana mmepe nke myalgia. Site na ịbawanye ụba nke lactate metformin, hydrochloride akagbuola.
N'ime ndị ọrịa na-ejikarị metformin hydrochloride, ọ dị mkpa iji kpebie mkpokọta vitamin B12 otu ugboro n'afọ n'ihi mbelata nke ịnwe ya. Ọ bụrụ na achọpụtara ọbara ọbara megaloblastic n'oge a na-eji metformin hydrochloride, enwere ike belata nnabata nke vitamin B12 (yana iji metformin hydrochloride ruo ogologo oge).
Ọtụtụ mgbe, mmeghachi omume na-adịghị mma site na usoro mgbari nri na-etolite na mmalite nke ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride ma n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ na-agafe oge. Maka mgbochi ha, a na-atụ aro ka ọ were ọgwụ metformin hydrochloride ugboro abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ kwa ụbọchị ma ọ bụ n'oge nri. Jiri nwayọ na-abawanye dose nke metformin hydrochloride nwere ike melite nnabata gastrointestinal nke ọgwụ.
N'oge ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịmalite nsogbu nke usoro ịba ọcha n'anya (gụnyere ịba ọcha n'anya, ndị na-egosi ọnọdụ nke imeju na-arụ ọrụ), na-apụ kpamkpam mgbe ịkwụsị ọgwụ ahụ.
Ebe ọ bụ na akụrụ na-ewepụta metformin hydrochloride, a ga-ekpebi imepụta creatinine opekata mpe otu afọ n'ime ndị ọrịa nwere ọrụ ezumike nkịtị, ma ọ dịkarịa ala, ugboro 2 - 2-4 kwa afọ na ndị ọrịa na ndị ọrịa nwere ya. nwechapụ ihe dị n'okpuru adịghị mma. Site na mwepụ nke creatinine erughị 45 ml / min, ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride bụ contraindicated. Ekwesịrị ilebara anya pụrụ iche n'ọnọdụ ọrịa akụrụ na ndị ọrịa agadi, yana ọgwụ ndị na - egbochi ọgwụ mgbochi mkpali ọgwụ steroidal anti-inflammatory.
Ekwesịrị ịkwụsị Metformin hydrochloride awa 48 tupu arụ ọrụ ịwa ahụ a na-eme atụmatụ ma enwere ike ịga n'ihu tupu elekere 48 ka emechara ha, ọ bụrụhala na ahụtara na ọrụ ezinaụlọ bụ ihe dị mma n'oge nyocha ahụ.
Ndị ọrịa nwere nkụda obi na iji Metformin hydrochloride nwere ohere dị elu nke etolite akwara na hypoxia. Ndị ọrịa nwere nkụda mmụọ na-adịghị ala ala chọrọ nlebara anya ọrụ obi na akụrụ oge niile mgbe ha na-eji metformin hydrochloride. Ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride bụ contraindicated na nkụchi obi na-ejighị hemodynamics na-ejighị n'aka.
N'ime ule nke ụlọ ọgwụ na-adịgide adịgide otu afọ, egosiri na metformin hydrochloride anaghị emetụta uto na uto. Mana n'ihi enweghị ọmụmụ ogologo oge, a na-atụ aro iji nlezianya nyochaa mmetụta na-esochi nke metformin hydrochloride na paramita ndị a na ụmụaka, ọkachasị mgbe ha na-eto eto. Agedmụaka dị n’agbata afọ 10 ruo 12 chọrọ nlezianya nlebara anya.
Ebuputara data, tinyere data azụmaahịa, yana data sitere na nnwale ụlọ ọgwụ a na-achịkwa na obere ụmụaka (10 ruo afọ 16) na-egosi na mmeghachi omume ọjọọ na ụmụaka bụ otu nrube isi na ọdịdị nke ndị ọrịa okenye.
N'oge a na-eji metformin hydrochloride, ndị ọrịa kwesịrị ịga n'ihu na-agbaso nri mgbe ha na-enwe carbohydrates kwa ụbọchị. A na-atụ aro ka ndị ọrịa buru ibu karịa oge iji metformin hydrochloride ka ha nọgide na-agbaso nri hypocaloric (mana ọ bụghị ihe na-erughị kilogram 1000 kwa ụbọchị).
N'oge a na-eji metformin hydrochloride, a ga-eme ọtụtụ nyocha ụlọ nyocha nke dị mkpa iji chịkwaa ọrịa shuga kwa ụbọchị.
Site na monotherapy, metformin hydrochloride anaghị akpata hypoglycemia, mana a ga-egosipụta ịkpachara anya mgbe ejiri ya na insulin ma ọ bụ ọgwụ hypoglycemic ndị ọzọ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọgwụ ọgwụ repaglinide, ọgwụ sulfonylurea, na ndị ọzọ). Ekwesịrị ịmalite ma mekwaa ọgwụ ngwakọta na metformin hydrochloride na insulin n'ụlọ ọgwụ ruo mgbe ọnye ọgwụ zuru oke.
A na-atụ aro iji metformin hydrochloride maka igbochi ụdị ọrịa shuga mellitus nke 2 na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa kansa na ihe ndị ọzọ dị ize ndụ maka mmepe nke ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 dị ka ọrịa, dị ka nchịkọta anụ ahụ nke 35 ma ọ bụ karịa kg / m ^ 2, afọ na-erughị afọ 60, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọrịa shuga. nnukwu triglycerides, akụkọ banyere ezinụlọ nke ọrịa shuga na ndị ikwu nke ogo mbụ, ọbara mgbali elu, cholesterol dị ala nke lipoproteins dị elu.
Enweghị data na mmetụta ọjọọ nke usoro ọgwụ metformin hydrochloride na-atụ aro na ike ịme ihe omume dị ize ndụ nke chọrọ ịbawanye anya na ọsọ nke mmeghachi omume psychomotor. Agbanyeghị, ekwesịrị ịkpachara anya mgbe a na-eme ihe ndị a mgbe a na-eji metformin hydrochloride, ọkachasị mgbe ejiri ya na ọgwụ hypoglycemic ndị ọzọ (repaglinide, sulfonylureaeri, insulin), dịka mmeghachi omume ọjọọ, gụnyere hypoglycemia, nke ike na-aka njọ, enwere ike Mee ihe omume dị egwu nke chọrọ ịbawanye anya na ọsọ nke mmeghachi omume psychomotor (gụnyere njikwa Lenie ugbo ala, ígwè). Should ga-ajụ ịrụ ụdị ọrụ ndị a na mmepe nke mmeghachi omume ọjọọ, gụnyere hypoglycemia, megide ndabere nke iji ọgwụ ahụ.

Ihe ngbanwe

Hypersensitivity (gụnyere ihe inyeaka nke ọgwụ ahụ), precoa ọrịa shuga, ọrịa shuga, ketoacidosis nwere nnukwu ma ọ bụ metabolic acidosis, akụrụ gbasara akwara ma ọ bụ arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ (ya na mpụta ihe na-erughị 45 ml / min), na-egosipụta ngosipụta ngosipụta nke adịghị ala ala ma ọ bụ nke na-adịghị ala ala. nnukwu ọrịa nke nwere ike ibute mmepe nke hypoxia anụ ahụ (gụnyere ọrịa obi na-adịghị ala ala na hemodynamics na-ejighị n'aka, nnukwu ọrịa. nkụchi obi, nnukwu ọrịa myocardial infarction, akụkụ iku ume), ọnọdụ ọjọọ nke na-ebute ya na nsogbu nke ọrụ akwara nwere nsogbu (gụnyere akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ (yana ọgbụgbọ, ọnya afọ)), ọrịa na-efe efe dị egwu, ujo), ọrịa imeju, ọrụ imeju na-arụ ọrụ nke ukwuu Arụmọrụ ịwa ahụ na mmerụ ahụ mgbe egosipụtara ọgwụ insulin, nsi mmanya na-egbu egbu, ịhoụ oké mmanya, lactic acidosis (gụnyere akụkọ ihe mere eme). ụbọchị abụọ tupu na n'ime ụbọchị abụọ mgbe X-ray ma ọ bụ ihe ọmụmụ radioisotope na ntinye nke iodine nwere ihe dị iche, na-agbaso nri kalori (na-erughị kilogram 1000 kwa ụbọchị), lactation, ịtụrụ ime, afọ ruo afọ 10, afọ ruo afọ 18 (dabere na iji ya ụdị usoro onunu ogwu, ndi oria na aru oru aru ike (ikea kari nke lactic acidosis).

Ime na lactation

Enweela mellitus ọrịa shuga a na-ejikọtaghị n'oge afọ ime nwere ihe ọghọm nke ọnwụ mmadụ na -eche site na ịmụ nwa na mmepe nke ọrịa afọ. Onu ogugu data na egosiputa na iji umunwanyi metformin hydrochloride n’oge ime anaghi abawanye ihe ojoo na ndu umuaka. Emebeghi omumu ihe omimi ma ghazie uzo eji metformin hydrochloride n’oge di ime emebeghi. Mgbe ị na-eme atụmatụ ịtụrụ ime, mmalite nke afọ ime ya na iji metformin hydrochloride bụrụ nke enwere ọrịa shuga na ụdị ọrịa mellitus nke 2, a ga-akagbu metformin hydrochloride, wee depụta ọgwụ insulin maka ọrịa shuga 2. N'oge afọ ime, ekwesịrị idobe ọbara glucose n'ọkwa nke kachasị nso na nkịtị, nke na-ebelata ohere imerụ nwa ebu n'afọ. A na-agbanyepụ Metformin hydrochloride na mmiri ara. Ọ dịghị mmeghachi omume ọjọọ a hụrụ na ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ na-enye nwa ara n'oge eji ọgwụ ahụ. Mana n'ihi oke data dị ụkọ, a naghị akwado iji usoro metformin hydrochloride na-enye nwa ara. N'oge usoro ọgwụgwọ metformin hydrochloride, ekwesịrị ịbelata inye ara nwa.

Nsonaazụ nke metformin hydrochloride

Usoro ụjọ, ụbụrụ na anụ ahụ: uto mebiri.
Ọkpụkpụ akwara, usoro lymphatic na ọbara (hemostasis, obara ọbara): megaloblastic anaemia (n'ihi nsị nke nje vitamin B12 na folic acid).
Usoro nri: ọgbụgbọ, afọ ọsịsa, ọgbụgbọ, mgbu nke afọ, agụụ, enweghị agụụ, nri afọ, afọ na-egbu mgbu, afọ dị n'ọnụ, ọnya afọ, ọrịa imeju na-arụ ọrụ.
Metabolism na oriri na-edozi: lactic acidosis (ura, adịghị ike, bradyarrhythmia na-eguzogide ọgwụ, hypotension, nsogbu nke akụkụ iku ume, myalgia, afọ ime, hypothermia), hypoglycemia, belata vitamin B12 (iji ogologo oge nke metformin hydrochloride).
Ihe njikọta, membran na mucous na anụ ahụ subcutaneous: mmeghachi omume anụ ahụ, itching anụ ahụ, erythema, dermatitis, ihe ọnya.

Mmekọrịta nke metformin hydrochloride yana ihe ndị ọzọ

Site na ọdịda akụrụngwa na-arụ ọrụ na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa mellitus, nyocha redio na-eji ọgwụ iodine nwere ọgwụ radiopaque nwere ike ime ka mmepe nke lactic acidosis. Ya mere, ekwesịrị ịkwụsị metformin hydrochloride dabere na ọnọdụ akụrụ arụ na 48 awa tupu ma ọ bụ n'oge nyocha X-ray na-eji nkwadebe radiopaque nwere iodine ma ghara ịmalitegharia n'ime awa 48 mgbe ọmụmụ ihe ahụ gasịrị, ọ bụrụhaala na n'oge nyocha ahụ, a ghọtara ọnọdụ nke akụrụ nke arụ ọrụ. nkịtị. Ejikọtara ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride na iodine nwere radipaque na-erughị ụbọchị abụọ tupu na n'ime ụbọchị abụọ mgbe ọmụmụ redio ma ọ bụ redioisotope gasịrị.
Site n'iji metformin hydrochloride na mmanya na-egbu egbu, ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ọrịa lactic acidosis na-abawanye, karịsịa na imeju imeju, erighị nri na-edozi ahụ, na obere kalori. Agaghị atụ aro maka ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride na mmanya. Ka ị na-a metụ mmiri metformin hydrochloride, ị alcoholụ mmanya na ọgwụ nwere ethanol kwesịrị izere. Metformin hydrochloride ekwekọghị na mmanya n'ihi ihe ize ndụ nke lactic acidosis.
A akwadoghị ijikọtara ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride na danazole iji zere mmetụta hyperglycemic nke ikpeazụ. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride na danazole, ma kwụsịchaa nke ikpeazụ, ndozi nke metformin hydrochloride dị mkpa n'okpuru njikwa glucose ọbara. N'oge jikọtara ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride na danazole, a ghaghị ịkpachara anya, a ga-achọkwu nlebara anya ugboro ugboro n'ọbara glucose, karịsịa na mmalite ọgwụgwọ.
Chlorpromazine mgbe ejiri ya na nnukwu doses (100 mg kwa ụbọchị) na-abawanye ọdịnaya glucose na ọbara ọbara site na ibelata ntọhapụ nke insulin. N'iji ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride na antipsychotics yana ịkwụsị nkwụchi nke ngwụcha, ịgbanye sọọsọ metformin hydrochloride dị mkpa n'okpuru nchịkwa mgbanye glucose. N'oge nkwonkwo eji metformin hydrochloride na antipsychotics, a ga-elerịrị anya, enwere ike ịchọ nlebara anya ugboro ugboro maka glucose glucose, karịsịa na mmalite ọgwụgwọ.
Mpaghara na sistemụ glucocorticosteroids na-ebelata nnabata glucose, mụbaa glucose ọbara, na-akpata ketosis mgbe ụfọdụ. Site na iji metformin hydrochloride na glucocorticosteroids jikọtara ọnụ na mgbe ịkwụsị nke ikpeazụ, nhazi nke metformin hydrochloride dị mkpa n'okpuru njikwa mkpokọta glucose n'ọbara ọbara. N'oge jikọtara ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride na glucocorticosteroids, a ghaghị ilezi anya, enwere ike ịchọ nlebara anya ugboro ugboro nke glucose glucose, karịsịa na mmalite ọgwụgwọ.
Site na iji metformin hydrochloride na akwara loop, jikọtara lactic acidosis nwere ike ịmalite n'ihi arụmọrụ akụrụngwa na-arụ ọrụ. Ekwesighi iji Metformin na loop diuretics ma ọ bụrụ na mwepụ nke creatinine erughi 60 ml / min. N'iji ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride na akwara loop, ijikọ elebara glucose ugboro ugboro, karịchaa mmalite ọgwụ. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, enwere ike idozi dose nke metformin hydrochloride n'oge nkwonkwo na mgbe ejedebe ya.
Ihe omumu banyere nmekorita ya na otu uzo na ndi inyeaka siri ike gosiputara na furosemide na-abawanye mkpochapu plasma kachasi (site na 22%) na mpaghara n’ogiri akwukwo nke pharmacokinetic - oge (15%) nke metformin hydrochloride (n’enweghi mgbanwe di omimi n’ime mkpochapu nke metformin hydrochloride), ebe metformin hydrochloride na -ebelata mkpokọta plasma kachasị (site na 31%), mpaghara dị n'okpuru usoro ịchekwa oge ọgwụ (site na 12%) na ọkara ndụ (site na 32%) nke furosemide (na-enweghị nnukwu ihe na-agbanwe na gbasara akụrụ nwechapụ nke furosemide). Enweghị data na mmekọrịta nke furosemide na metformin hydrochloride na iji ogologo oge.
Beta-2-adrenergic agonist maka parenteral management na-eme ka ịbawanye ụba nke glucose n'ọbara ọbara, na-akpali ndị na-anabata beta-2-adrenergic. Site na ojiji nke metformin hydrochloride na beta-2-adrenergic agonists, ọ dị mkpa ijikwa mkpokọta glucose na ọbara ọbara, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, a na-atụ aro ịhọpụta insulin. Site na iji nchịkọta metformin hydrochloride na beta ag 2, adrenergic agonist, enwere ike ịchọ itinyekwu uche n'ọbara glucose ugboro ugboro, ọkachasị na mmalite ọgwụgwọ. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, enwere ike idozi dose nke metformin hydrochloride n'oge nkwonkwo na mgbe ejedebe ya.
Ọgwụ antihypertensive, na mgbakwunye na angiotensin na-agbanwe enzyme inhibitors, nwere ike belata ogo glucose ọbara. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ijikọ ọgwụ na-egbochi ọgwụ mgbochi na metformin hydrochloride, a ga-elerịrị anya ma dozie dose nke metformin hydrochloride.
Site na iji metformin hydrochloride jikọtara ya na insulin, ihe dị iche iche nke sulfonylurea, salicylates, acarbose, mmepe nke hypoglycemia ga-ekwe omume. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa ikpokọta iji ọgwụ ndị a na metformin hydrochloride, a ghaghị ilezi anya.
Nifedipine, mgbe ejikọtara ya, na-eme ka mmịba na mkpokọta plasma kachasị nke metformin hydrochloride, ịkpachara anya dị mkpa mgbe ejikọtara ya na nifedipine na metformin hydrochloride. N'ime otu usoro n'ime ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo dị mma, nifedipine mụbara mmịpụta, mkpokọta plasma kachasị (site na 20%) na mpaghara n'okpuru ịta ahụhụ nke pharmacokinetic - oge (9%) nke metformin hydrochloride, ebe oge ị ga-erute ịta plasma kachasị na ọkara ndụ nke metformin hydrochloride agbanwebeghị.
A na-ezobe ọgwụ ọgwụ cationic (gụnyere digoxin, amiloride, morphine, procainamide, quinidine, ranitidine, quinine, trimethoprim, triamteren, vancomycin) na tubules renal na, mgbe ejikọtara ọnụ, asọmpi na metformin hydrochloride maka sistemụ ebufe tubular ma nwee ike ịba ụba kachasị nke plasma 60 %) metformin hydrochloride. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa ikpokọta iji ọgwụ ndị a na metformin hydrochloride, a ghaghị ilezi anya.
Mgbe ejikọtara ya, cimetidine na-ebelata ikpochapu metformin hydrochloride, nke na-abawanye ohere nke lactic acidosis.
Metformin hydrochloride nwere ike belata nnabata nke cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12).
A na - eme ka mmetụta nke metformin hydrochloride daa site na diuretics, phenothiazines, glucocorticosteroids, glucagon, estrogens (gụnyere dị ka akụkụ nke ọgwụ mgbochi), homonụ thyroid, phenytoin, epinephrine, calcium antagonists, nicotinic acid, isoniazid, sympathomimetics.
A na - eme ka mmetụta hypoglycemic nke metformin hydrochloride site na ihe ndị na - eme ka sulfonylurea, insulin, acarbose, ọgwụ mgbochi ọgwụ na - abụghị steroidal, oxygentetracycline, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, angiotensin na - agbanwe enzyme inhibitors, cyclophosphamide, clofibrenobrate, beta beta.
Site na iji metformin hydrochloride na azilsartan medoxomil jikọtara ọnụ, ọ nweghị mmekọrịta ọgwụ ọgwụ a hụrụ.

Dodoụbiga ya ókè

Site n'iji metformin hydrochloride na ọkara nke 85 g, ọ nweghị mmepe nke hypoglycemia, mana na nke a lactic acidosis mepụtara, nke gosipụtara site na ọgbụgbọ, ọgbụgbọ, afọ ọsịsa, ahụ ọkụ, afọ, olu mgbu, iku ume ngwa ngwa, nkụchi, nsụhọ mmụọ, mmepe nke coma . Overdoụbiga mmiri ókè nke metformin hydrochloride ma ọ bụ ihe ndị nwere ike ịkpata ya nwere ike iduga mmepe nke lactic acidosis.
Ọgwụgwọ: mgbe ị na-ewere oke metformin hydrochloride, lavage gastric dị mkpa, ọ bụrụ na ihe ịrịba ama nke lactic acidosis apụta, a ga-akwụsị ọgwụgwọ metformin hydrochloride ozugbo, a ga-enwerịrị onye ọrịa n'ụlọ ọgwụ ngwa ngwa na mkpebi nke lactate ahụ, nke kachasị dị mma iji wepu metformin hydrochloride na lactate bụ hemodialysis, yana symptomatic ọgwụ, ọ dị mkpa iji chịkwaa ịba ụba nke glucose, creatinine, urea, lactate, electrolytes na ọbara. Otke ọbara. Enweghị ọgwụ mgbochi akọwapụtara.

Azumahia ahia maka ogwu eji mmanu metformin hydrochloride

Bagomet®
Glyformin®
Glyformin Prolong®
Glucofage®
Glucofage® Ogologo
Diasphor
Diaformin® OD
Langerine®
Methadiene
Metospanin
Metfogamma® 500
Metfogamma® 850
Metfogamma® 1000
Metformin
Metformin Zentiva
Metformin Canon
Metformin ogologo
Metformin MV-Teva
Metformin Novartis
Metformin Sandoz®
Metformin Richter
Metformin teva
Metformin hydrochloride
Nova Met
NovoFormin®
Siofor® 500
Siofor® 850
Siofor® 1000
Sofamet®
Formin
Pliva ike

Ọgwụ a jikọtara ọnụ:
Vildagliptin + Metformin hydrochloride: Galvus Met,
Glibenclamide + Metformin hydrochloride: Bagomet Plus®, Glibomet®, Glucovans®, Gluconorm®, Metglib®, Metglib® Force,
Glyclazide + Metformin hydrochloride: Glimecomb®,
Glimepiride + Metformin hydrochloride: Amaryl® M,
Linagliptin + Metformin hydrochloride: Gentadueto®,
Metformin hydrochloride + Rosiglitazone: Avandamet,
Metformin hydrochloride + Saksagliptin: Combogliz Prolong®,
Metformin hydrochloride + Sibutramine + celclose microcrystalline: Reduxin® Met,
Metformin hydrochloride + Sitagliptin: Janumet.

Nkwadebe na akụrụngwa nke ihe ahụ

A kọwara Metformin mbụ na akwụkwọ sayensị na 1922 nke Emil Werner na James Bell mere dị ka ngwaahịa na njikọ nke N, N-dimethylguanidine. Na 1929, Slotta na Cheshe chọpụtara mmetụta belata shuga na oke bekee, na-achọpụta na ọ bụ onye kachasị ike nke biguanides ha mụrụ. E chezọrọ nsonaazụ ndị a, dịkwa ka ọrụ ndị ọzọ anaanines, dị ka synthalin, n'etiti insulin na-ewu ewu.

Enwere mmasị na metformin, laghachiri na mbubreyo 1940.Na 1950, achọpụtara na metformin, n’adịghị ka ụfọdụ ihe ndị ọzọ yiri ya, anaghị ebelata ọbara mgbali elu na oke olu n’obi ụmụ anụmanụ. N'otu afọ ahụ, dọkịta Philippine Eusebio Garcia jiri metformin (nke ọ kpọrọ fluamine) maka ọgwụgwọ nke flu. O kwuru na ọgwụ “na-agbada shuga dị ala ruo n'obere physioloji” na ọgwụgwọ ndị ọrịa, ọ nweghịkwa nsí. Garcia kwenyere na metformin nwere bacteriostatic, antiviral, antimalarial, antipyretic, na mmetụta analgesic. N'usoro isiokwu na 1954, onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na Poland bụ Janusz Supnevsky enweghị ike ikwenye ọtụtụ n'ime mmetụta ndị a, gụnyere belata shuga ọbara, mana ọ hụrụ ụfọdụ mmetụta antiviral na mmadụ.

N ’ụlọ ọgwụ Salpetriere, onye France na-ahụ maka ọnya nri bụ́ Jean Stern nyochara ihe ndị na-akụda shuga nke galegin (otu ihe alkaloid dịpụrụ iche na nke ewu ewu), na-ejikọ ya na metformin, wee na-ahụ maka ojiji ọ na-eji obere oge dịka onye na-ahụ maka ọgwụ mgbochi tupu ebuputa synthalines. Mgbe e mechara, ka ọ na-arụ n'ụlọ nyocha ndị ọrụ Aron na Paris, ọ nyochaghachiri ọrụ mbata shuga nke metformin na ọtụtụ biguanides. Stern bụ onye mbụ nwara iji metformin maka ọgwụgwọ ọrịa shuga na mmadụ, o chepụtara aha "Glucophagus" (Eng. ")Ọrịa"-" onye na - eri glucose ") maka ọgwụ a ma bipụta nsonaazụ ya na 1957.

Metformin bịara dịrị n'ụdị British National form na 1958, e rere ya na UK.

Mmasị zuru oke na metformin agbakere naanị mgbe mwepu nke biguanides ndị ọzọ na mgbasa ọgwụ na 1970s. A kwadoro Metformin na Canada na 1972, na United States, FDA kwadoro ya maka ịgwọ ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 naanị na 1994. N'enyemaka nke Bristol-Myers Squibb, Glucophage bụ aha azụmaahịa mbụ maka metformin nke erere na United States bido na Machị 3, 1995. Generics dị ugbu a n'ọtụtụ mba, a kwenyere na metformin bụ ọgwụ mgbochikarị ọgwụ mgbochi n'ụwa.

Nkwadebe na akụrụngwa nke ihe eji edozi |Gịnị bụ Metformin?

"Metformin" na analogues ya - ọgwụ hypoglycemic edepụtara na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa shuga - nke mbụ bụ ụdị nke abụọ, mana n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-a theụ ọgwụ ahụ na ụdị nke mbụ. Kemgbe iwebata ya na 1957, Metformin ka bụ onye ndu kachasị na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa shuga, ọkachasị nsogbu ndị dịka oke ibu. Insulin na - akwalite itinye oke abụba, na Metformin, na --belata insulin n’ime ahụ, na - enyere aka wepu ya. Ọ bụ n'ihi ihe a mere na ọtụtụ ndị na-eji Metformin dịka ọgwụ nri.

Ngwakọta nke mbadamba nkume "Metformin"

Ngwakọta nke mbadamba ahụ gụnyere metformin hydrochloride na-arụ ọrụ, nke sitere na ihe ndị sitere n'okike sitere na French lilac na mgbọrọgwụ ewu. Ndi mere ọgwụ a bu talc, stachi ọka, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, yana povidone K90, crospovidone na macrogol 6000.

Ihe ngosi maka Metformin

Nke mbu, “Metformin” - mbadamba ụrọ nke edepụtara maka ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 na-enweghị ụdị ketoacidosis (metabolism na-akpata ike n'ihi insulin). A gosipụtara ọgwụ a karịsịa maka ndị ọrịa buru ibu, ma ọ bụrụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ enweghị ọgwụ. Ọzọkwa, buru oke ibu, enwere ike ịkọ ya na insulin.

N'ịchọpụta nchoputa dịka ọrịa shuga mellitus, etinyere mbadamba Metformin dịka ọgwụ nweere onwe ya, yana yana ọgwụ shuga dị n’etiti ndị ọzọ, ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu maka ụdị nke abụọ. N'ime ụdị mbụ, a na-enye ya ọgwụ dịka mgbakwunye na ọgwụgwọ insulin bụ isi.

Omumu ihe omimi nke sayensi gosiputara na ejiri Metformin mee ihe nke oma na ọgwụgwọ nke oncology metụtara oria oria.

Metformin emereme

Metformin na - eme ka mmata nke sel dị na insulin. Ọbara glucose na ọkwa cholesterol belatara. Ngwakọta ọgwụ a na-arụ ọrụ na-eme ka usoro nke abụba ghara ịdị, ekwekwala ka a carbohydụkọta carbohydrates, ma si otú a gbochie mkpo nke abụba ahụ.

Insulin na - amalite usoro nnabata abụba, ọkachasị na mpaghara nsogbu (ọkachasị na afọ). Ya mere, ọtụtụ nri dị iche iche na-ewepu nri iwepu nri shuga na nri. Metformin na-ewepụkwa agụụ insulin na-akpata.

Mwepụta ewepụtara na usoro onunu ogwu

“Metformin” - mbadamba ụrọ nke 500, 850 na 1000 mg, nke dị na blister nke mpempe 10 ọ bụla, na-acha ọcha. Usoro ọgwụgwọ na-amalite site na 500-1000 mg kwa ụbọchị, ya bụ, mbadamba 1-2. Ogwu a, dabere n’ọkwa shuga dị n’ọbara, ka enwere ike iwelie nwayọ nwayọ mgbe ụbọchị 10-15 izizi ọgwụgwọ ahụ, mana ekwesighi ị karịa karịa 3000 mg kwa ụbọchị. Ọkwa mmezi bụ 1000-2000 mg (mbadamba 3-4). Ntụziaka "Metformin" anaghị atụ aro ka ị were ọgwụ were ihe karịrị 1000 mg kwa ụbọchị maka ndị agadi.

Mbadamba ụrọ na-ewere oge niile ma ọ bụ mgbe nri gachara, eji mmiri sachaa ya. Mgbe ụfọdụ ajụjụ na-ebilite ma è nwere ike ikewa mbadamba ụrọ ("Metformin") na ọkara. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu maka ọgwụ nke 500 mg, mgbe ahụ nke a abụghị ihe amamihe dị na ya, ebe ọ bụ na obere ọgwụ adịghị enye mmetụta achọrọ, ọ gaghị atụ aro imebi akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ kpuchie mbadamba. Y’oburu na osiri ike ilo ihe n’ihi nha ya, mgbe ahu enwere ike kee ya abuo ma kuru ya n’otu - ma ozugbo, ogha n’abia.

Ebe Metformin nwere ike inye nsonaazụ na eriri afọ, ekwesighi ị doseụ ọgwụ otu ụbọchị otu ugboro, mana na ntinye abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ n'ụbọchị, ọkacha mma na nri. Ọ bụrụ na achọpụta nsogbu nsogbu metabolic dị ukwuu, a ga-ebelata dose ahụ.

Ọ bụrụ na ị ga-a drugsụ ọgwụ ndị ọzọ n'otu oge ị na-ewere Metformin (mbadamba), ntuziaka maka ojiji nwere ozi gbasara ọgwụ ndị enwere ike ijikọ ya na Metformin na enweghị ike. Ọ dịkwa mkpa ịkpọtụrụ dọkịta gị banyere njikọta ọgwụ dịgasị iche iche na Metformin.

N'ọtụtụ oge, ndị ọrịa nwere mmasị na analogues nke ọgwụ - dị ọnụ ala ma ọ bụ nke dị irè karị, gụnyere ma ọ bụrụ na ha chọrọ ọgwụ maka ọrịa shuga. "Metformin" nwere ọtụtụ analogues nke nwere otu ụkpụrụ ọrụ. Nke mbu, ndia bu Glucofage na Siofor, otu ndi ozo ama ama na Metformin, ya na otutu ogwu ndi ozo nwere otutu ihe eji eme ihe, n'ihi nke ha na eme aru na aru ma nwee otu ihe ha ji eme ihe. Mbadamba ụrọ nke Metformin. Enwere ike ịgụ nyocha nke analogues na Internetntanetị, ị nwekwara ike ịtụle ntuziaka maka iji dọta nkwubi ma họrọ ọgwụ kachasị mma.

Analogs nke Metformin bụ:

Akpa,
Hexal
Glycon,
Gliminfor,
Metospanin
"Metfogamma" (500, 850, 1000),
Nova Met
NovoFormin
Sofamet
"Mpempe" na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ.
Siofor (500, 850, 1000) - ọgwụ German nke a na-ewere ọnụ, nwere mmetụta hypoglycemic, nnọchi dị mma maka inje insulin.

Banyere Glucofage, ọ dị ọnụ karịa karịa Metformin, mana mgbe a na-ewere ya, ndị ọrịa ruru pasent 50 na-agaghị enwe nsogbu nke usoro eriri afọ. Egosiiri "Glucophage" maka ụdị ọrịa shuga nke abụọ, a na-eji ya iche iche yana yana ọgwụ ndị ọzọ. Ihe mgbanwe "Glucophage ogologo" nwere oge nkwado ikike agbatịkwuru.

N'ụzọ bụ isi, ọgwụ ndị a niile nwere otu ụkpụrụ maka ikpughe ahụ mmadụ, ebe ha nwere otu ihe na-arụ ọrụ na ndabere ha.

E nwekwara nri nri na-enyere aka belata ọkwa glucose ọbara dị ala:

"Vijar" (na - ebelata cholesterol, na - eme ka usoro ahụ ghara ịlụ ọgụ, na - egbochi mmepe nke nje na nje
"Spirulina" (ọ bara uru maka ọrịa metabolism, n'ọgụ megide oke ibu),
Glucberry (na -ebelata ohere nke ọrịa shuga) na ndị ọzọ.

Agbanyeghị, enweghị ike ịtụle nri nri ka ọ bụrụ ihe nnọchi anya zuru oke maka ọgwụ ahụ, enwere ike iji ha dịka mgbakwunye na usoro ọgwụgwọ bụ isi. Na mgbakwunye, tupu ị takingụ ọgwụ nri, ịkwesịrị ịgakwuru dọkịta banyere nke a.

"Metformin" maka ọrịa shuga

"Metformin" bụ otu n'ime ọgwụ mgbochi kachasị mma taa. Ọ dị oke mma na ọgwụgwọ nke ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 nke ọrịa shuga, enwere ike iwere ya na insulin, a na-ahọrọkwa dose ahụ dabere na oke glucose n'ọbara.

N'ịgwọ ọrịa shuga, ọ na-egbochi glucogenesis na-enweghị emetụta ogo insulin n'ime ọbara. Ọ na - eme ka ọbara na - emeju na umeji, n'ihi nke glucose na - agbanwe glycogen ngwa ngwa.

Na usoro ọgwụgwọ nke ụdị shuga nke abụọ, enwere ike ịkọ Metformin maka ndụ. Ọ bụrụ na edepụtara ya na ndị ọrụ hypoglycemic ndị ọzọ, ọ dị mkpa iji nyochaa ọkwa nke glucose iji zere hypoglycemia. Site na ị separateụ ọgwụ dị iche, hypoglycemia anaghị etolite.

Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji ya na ọgwụgwọ nke ndị ọrịa nwere oke ibu, nke na-esokarị ọrịa shuga, n'ihi na ọ na-egbochi agụụ ma na -ebelata nnabata nke glucose na nri na nri diges.

Thedị nke mbụ, a na-eji ọgwụ ahụ eme ihe dị ka njikọta insulin na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ na-arịa ọrịa shuga; iche, enwere ike ị were ya naanị maka ụdị shuga 2. Na mmalite ọgwụgwọ na Metformin, a ga-akwụsị nchịkwa nke ndị nnọchianya hypoglycemic ndị ọzọ.

Ọgwụgwọ Metformin nwekwara mmetụta bara uru na ọnụnọ nke metabolic syndrome na metabolism lipid metabolism.

Ọrịa metabolic syndrome - steeti anụ ahụ nke ejikọtara ọtụtụ ihe: metabolism na-emebi emebi, onye ọrịa na-arịa ọbara mgbali elu, oke ibu, wdg. A na-esote ọrịa ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe egwu nke ibute ọrịa obi. N'ala nke onodu a bu iguzogide insulin, nke, dika omumu ihe omimi sayensi mere, ka enwere oria shuga na mmebi akwara.

Banyere adịghị ike metabolism, dị ka nsonaazụ nke ọmụmụ a chọpụtara na ọkwa nke triglycerides, cholesterol na LDL na-ebelata ma ọ bụrụ na ị were mbadamba shuga Metformin. Ihe ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kwuru banyere ọgwụ a nwekwara ozi banyere ịdị irè ya na mgbochi nke ọrịa shuga nke 2 na-emegide nnabata nke carbohydrates.

"Metformin" maka oke ibu

Ngwongwo ahu puru iche nke ogwu ahu na uru oria a nwaputara egosiputa na Metformin aburula onye a ma ama n’etiti ndi choro ifelata.

N'agbanyeghi eziokwu na ọgwụ na - ebido usoro nke na - enyere aka ịsacha oke abụba ma gbochie itinye ego abụba ọhụrụ, ekwesịrị iji ya na - elekọta ndị na - arịa ọrịa shuga, ọ dịkwa mkpa iburu n'uche ọtụtụ ọnọdụ.

Nke mbụ, ọ dị mkpa icheta na ọgwụ n’onwe ya anaghị agba abụba ọkụ, kama ọ na-enyere aka ị useụbiga mmanya ókè ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-esitekwa na mmega ahụ ike na nri pụrụ iche sokwa ya. "Metformin" - mbadamba abụghị ihe ọrụ ebube, kama ọ bụ naanị ngwa ọrụ ọzọ. Ọbụna n'etiti ndị dọkịta, enweghị echiche doro anya banyere onye nwere ike iburu mbadamba Metformin: uru ga-elele uru na uru nke anụ ahụ sitere na ọgwụ a n'otu n'otu n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla. Doctorsfọdụ ndị dọkịta na-edepụta ya ka onye ọrịa wee felata ngwa ngwa, ndị ọzọ na-ele ya anya dị ka ihe na-emerụ ahụ. Ya mere, mgbe ị na-efufu ibu site na enyemaka nke Metformin, nyocha nke mbụ na nyocha nke onye ọkachamara dị mkpa iji mee mkpebi dị mma.

Ọzọ, ịkwesịrị ịtụle ọtụtụ contraindications. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ụdị oria 1 ma ọ bụ ụdị shuga na-enweghị emepụta insulin, ị nwere ike ịkọpụta Metformin ma dozie nsogbu nke ịba oke naanị site na enyemaka nke endocrinologist.

N'ọnọdụ ọ bụla ị ga-a theụ ọgwụ maka akụrụ, obi, ọria nkụ, ọrịa imeju, anaemia.

Enweghi ike iji ọgwụ ahụ mee ihe mgbe anụ ahụ na - esighi ike - mgbe arụmọrụ, mmerụ ahụ, ọrịa siri ike, ọ kwesịrị izere ya n'oge ọrịa na-efe efe.

Amachibidoro iwere "Metformin" ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-agbaso nri kalori dị ala.

Usoro mbu nke aputara na aru megide ihe banyere usoro Metformin ma nye aka n’ibu oke bu:

oxidation ngwa ngwa
mgbadata mkpofu ahihia
nnweta glucose dị mma karịa anụ ahụ
agụụ belatara, na - ebute mbelata nke ahụ.

Site na ị weightụ ọgwụ na-egbochi oke ọgwụ a, mmetụta ya na-adịkarị ala, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na ị aụrụ ọgwụ dị ukwuu karịa ka ntuziaka ahụ nyere ohere. Na mgbakwunye na nsogbu eriri afọ, ị nwere ike ịda mba, ida ụra, iju mmiri, lactic acidosis na ọrịa ndị ọzọ siri ike nwere ike ịmalite.

Ọzọkwa, mgbe ị na-ewere Metformin, ị ga-agbaso ihe oriri. Ọ wezuga ihe na-atọ ụtọ, pasta, poteto, mmụọ. Nri kwesịrị ịbụ mgbe niile, ịkwesighi ịchọrọ agụụ, mana n'otu oge ahụ, uru nke ihe oriri ekwesịghị gafere 2500 kcal kwa ụbọchị. N’oge a, ịkwesịrị ị drinkụ mmiri nkịtị dị ọcha.

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ Metformin wepụrụ mkpa ọ dị ịme mmega ahụ dị arọ, nke a apụtaghị na enwere ike ịhapụ mmega ahụ ọ bụla. Ihe omume ututu, ime ihe omume n’èzí, imega ahụ mgbe niile yana ị theụ ọgwụ ga - enyere gị aka iwepụ abụba gabigara ọsọsọ. Atụla anya na Metformin ga-emere gị ihe niile n’enweghị mbọ ọ bụla.

Etinyekwala ọgwụ ahụ ma onụọ ya n'ụkpụrụ ahụ “ka ọ ka mma”: ịkwesighi ịgabiga oke ọgwụ ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ewere Metformin (mbadamba). Ntuziaka maka iji ya enye ndụmọdụ doro anya banyere oke nke ngwaahịa a, ọ bụrụ na egoghị ya, ọ nwere ike imerụ ahụ ahụ oke. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike ị drugụ ọgwụ a agaghị ọnwa atọ, mgbe ahụ ịkwesịrị izu ike.

Ugbu a ị nwere ike ịchọta ọtụtụ nyocha nke ndị were ọgwụ nri Metformin. Nyocha ahụ dịgasị iche iche: mmadụ kpochapụrụ abụba ngwa ngwa na ogologo oge, omume ọjọọ ma ọ bụ mmetụta ọjọọ ọ na-egbochi mmadụ. Mana na mkpokọta, anyị nwere ike ikwubi na ndị Metformin nyere aka were ya na nlekọta nke dọkịta, mgbe ha nyochachara, ma na-echekwa nri dị mkpa na ịghara ileghara mmega ahụ anya.

Contraindications na Metformin

Tupu ịmalite usoro ọgwụgwọ Metformin, n'agbanyeghị ma ị nwere ọrịa shuga ma ọ bụ na ị chọrọ ifelata, ịkwesịrị ịghọta onwe gị na ndepụta nke contraindications dị egwu ma kpọtụrụ dọkịta.

A na - egbochi akụrụngwa akwara gbasara akwara, akwara, ọdịda akwara, ọrịa ụkwara na akwara nke na - efe efe nke akwara umeji. Enweghi ike ị drugụ ọgwụ ahụ na oge nsogbu azụ na mgbe akwara, yana mgbe myocardial infarction na oge nwughari. A nabata nnabata "Metformin" na usoro nje na-efe efe na mkparị nke ọrịa ọ bụla na-adịghị ala ala, ụdị nhụjuanya siri ike.

Amachibidoro ọgwụ a n'oge afọ ime na lactation. Mgbe ị na-eme atụmatụ ịtụrụ ime ma ọ bụ ihe na-eme ya mgbe ị na-ewere Metformin, a ga-ahapụ ọgwụ ma gbanye ọgwụ insulin. Breastfeụ ara, ọ bụrụ na enwere mkpa ịgwọ ọrịa na Metformin, kwesiri ịkagbu ya, maka na onweghị ihe akaebe banyere mmetụta ọgwụ a na-enye na mmiri ara ara, mana ọbụlagodi obere ọgwụ ọgwụ na-abanye na mmiri ara ehi dị ize ndụ nye nwa ahụ, ebe ọ bụ afọ 18 so na mgbochi ahụ. afọ. Edeghị "Metformin" maka ụmụaka na ndị ntorobịa erubeghị afọ 18.

Ọzọkwa, "Metformin" enweghị ike ị takenụ mmanya na egbu egbu mmanya. Na mkpokọta, ị ga-ajụ ị alcoholụ mmanya na ọgwụ ethanol nwere ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ewere Metformin. Ihe mere bu na ngwakọta nke ethanol na metformin ọbụlagodi na obere doses na-akpalite mmepe ngwa ngwa nke lactocytosis, ruo na nsonaazụ na-egbu ya.

Ọ dị ize ndụ iri "Metformin" na obere kalori na "agụụ agụụ" nri.

Enweghi ike ibugara ya ndi mmadu karia iri isii ma oburu na ha na arusi aru ike, ka ha ghara ibuso mmepe nke lactic acidosis.

N'oge ọgwụgwọ, ndị ọrịa kwesịrị ileba anya na ọrụ akụrụ, lelee ọkwa plasma lactate, serum creatinine.

Nsonaazụ ọgwụ

"Metformin" na-akpalite ọtụtụ mmetụta dị iche iche. Ya mere, n'oge ọgwụgwọ, ọ dị mkpa iji nlezianya nyochaa ọnọdụ nke ahụ gị ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere mkpesa, gakwuru dọkịta ozugbo, karịsịa ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-a theụ ọgwụ ahụ ọ bụghị dị ka ihe ngosi na ọgwụ dọkịta si gosi, kama na aka gị.

Nke mbu, ogwu ahu na eme ka malfunctions site na eriri afọ. Na nke a, ngosipụta ndị na-adịghị mma dịka:

ọgbụgbọ
oké ọgbụgbọ
afọ ọsịsa
flatulence
agụụ
Ngosi a n'ọnụ uto ọla,
ọdịdị nke mgbu afọ.

Onye ọrịa ahụ nwekwara ike ime mkpesa banyere ọdịda okuku ume, tachycardia, rashes na peel na anụ ahụ, oge mgbe ọ na-itching.

Mmetụta dị ụkọ ma dị ize ndụ bụ lactic acidosis. Site na lactic acidosis, lactic acid na-abanye n'ọbara, ihe mgbaàmà mbụ nke ọrịa ahụ bụ adịghị ike, ụra, ike ọgwụgwụ, ịba ụba, ọgbụgbọ.

Site n'iji ọgwụ ahụ ogologo oge, ọnụnọ nsị ga-ekwe omume.

Ọ bụrụ n’ịchọpụta otu n’ime ngosipụta ndị a, ị ga-agakwuru dọkịta ozugbo, gwa ya na ị na-ewere mbadamba Metformin. Uru na mmerụ ahụ n'ahụ na nke a nwere ike ịbụ enweghị nkwekọrịta, ọ nwere ike ọ gaghị adị gị mkpa ị theụ ọgwụ ahụ na ịchọrọ ịchọta nhọrọ ọzọ maka ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ oke ibu.

"Metformin" - ọgwụ kachasị dị mma maka ụdị shuga 2. "Metformin" na - enyekwa aka belata ibu, mana o kwesịrị icheta na ọgwụ a abụghị panacea, ọ gaghị edochi nri obere carb na mmega ahụ. Usoro ọgwụgwọ "Metformin" kwesịrị ịgbakwunye na nyochaa ọkwa nke glucose dị n'ọbara na ịjụ omume ọjọọ, gụnyere nri. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ifelata na ya, adala mgbatị ahụ, rie nri ma echefula na ọ bụ ụzọ mbụ ọgwụ siri ike, echepụtara maka ịlụ ọgụ shuga, yabụ ịkwesịrị were ya nke ọma naanị mgbe ịgachara dọkịta.