Amoxicillin clavulanic acid

Clavulanic acid bụ ihe dị n'ụmị nke bakteria na-egbochi ọgwụ nke penisilini semisynthetic. Ọgwụ ahụ na-enye nsonaazụ kasịnụ na ngwakọta ya na ọgwụ ọgwụ Amoxicillin, ọgwụ mgbochi oke. Nchikota a nwere ihe anaghari nke oma site na aru nke beta-lactamases ma ejiri ya wee gwọ oria nke ENT na akwara umeji, akpukpo ahu, urogenital system, nkwonkwo na okpukpu.

Enwere ọgwụ ogwu nke amoxicillin, clavulanic acid dị adị. A na-eme ha n’ụdị mbadamba nkume, ntụ iji mee ka mmadụ nwee nkwupụta ma ọ bụ ọdịda maka nchịkwa ọnụ, n’ụdị nke sirop, yana azịza injectable.

Ọgwụ "Amoxicillin" na clavulanic acid: ihe na Njirimara

Ihe acid ahu n’onwe ya bu ihe ngbochu ogwu nke n’enweghi ike, n’agbanyeghi nke a, o na echebe amoxicillin site na mmebi enzymatic, nke n’eme ka ihe ndi antibacterial tinye uchu. Mmetụta nke ọgwụ ahụ na-erute n'ọtụtụ gram-positive na gram-negative, anaerobic na aerobic pathogens, gụnyere ụdọ ha na-eguzogide ọgwụ nje.

Amoxicillin na acid clavulanic: ihe ngosi

Ọgwụ dị irè maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa nke akụkụ iku ume, akpịrị, ntị, imi, nke gụnyere sinusitis, tonsillitis, otitis media, na-adịghị ala ala na nnukwu ọnya, ponia, ọrịa na-efe efe, bronchopneumonia, ọnya afọ.

Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji ngwá ọrụ ahụ maka ọrịa na-efe efe nke anụ ahụ dị nro na anụ ahụ (ọnụnọ, boils, cellulite, ọnya ndị metụtara, panniculitis, phlegmon). A na-eji ọgwụ Clavulanic acid agwọ ọrịa ndị dị otú ahụ nke akwara genitourinary na urogenital tract (gụnyere venereal), dịka cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis, chancre dị nro, gonorrhea, salpingitis, endometritis, pelvioperitonitis, nje na-akpata nje, salpingo-oophoritis, postpartum sepsis, septi, etuto.

Ọzọkwa, a na-eji ọgwụ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na enwere ọrịa nke nkwonkwo na ọkpụkpụ na ahụ. A na-egosipụta nchịkwa ọgbụgba maka mgbochi nke ọrịa ndị metụtara ịwa ahụ.

Ọgwụ "Amoxicillin" na clavulanic acid: contraindications

Ejila ọgwụ a nwere ọgwụ na penicillins na ọgwụ mgbochi ọgwụ ọzọ (beta-lactam), wezuga ohere nke ujo anacticlactic. Abụrụ onye ọrịa arịa ọrịa kansa na-arịa lymphocytic leukemia na mononucleosis na-efe efe.

N'iji nlezianya mee, a na-ahọpụta ndị ọrịa na-arịa fever fever, ahu diathesis, urticaria, ụkwara ume ọkụ. Ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya izere iji ọgwụ ahụ, dịka ọgwụ ndị ọzọ, n'oge afọ ime, n'agbanyeghị enweghị ngosipụta dị njọ. N'ime ọgwụgwọ ndị nne na-enye nwa ara, achọpụtara ọgwụ ahụ na mmiri ara ara.

Ọgwụ "Amoxicillin" na clavulanic acid: ọnụahịa

N'ihi ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu, ụdị dos na ụdị ọgwụ ahụ, ọnụahịa ahụ nwere ike ịdị iche iche.

Omume ọgwụ

Emepụtara ngwakọta ahụ gburugburu 1977/78. Ndị sayensị Britain na-arụ ọrụ na Beecham (nke bụ akụkụ nke GlaxoSmithKline ugbu a). E nyere ikike inweta akwụkwọ ikike a na 1984. Augmentin bụ aha mbụ ma jiri ya kee ya.

Omume ọgwụ

Ọ na-eme ihe na-egbochi ahụhụ, na-egbochi njikọ nke mgbidi nje. Amoxicillin dị irè megide nje ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi. N'ihi ntinye nke beta-lactamase inhibitor (clavulanic acid) n'ime ọgwụ ahụ, a pụkwara ị drugụ ọgwụ ahụ maka nje na-eguzogide amoxicillin. Amoxycillin na Nchikota na clavulanic acid akụ megide aerobic gram-mma bacteria (gụnyere ụdị na mepụtara beta-lactamase): Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus anthracis, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus viridans, Enterococcus faecalis, Corynebacterium spp, Listeria monocytogenes ,. nje anaerobic gram-positive: Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., nje aerobic gram-negative (gụnyere beta-lactamase na-ebute nje): Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella spp., Salmon. Bordetella pertussis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Gardnerella vaginalis, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseri a gonoreae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Yersinia multocida (na mbụ Pasteurella), Campylobacter jejuni, anaerobic gram-negative bacteria (gụnyere ụdị na-emepụta beta-lactamases): Bacteroides seroilis, gụnyere Bacteroides seilis. Clavulanic acid na-egbochi ụdị II, III, IV na V nke beta-lactamases, arụghị ọrụ megide ụdị I beta-lactamases nke Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia spp., Acinetobacter spp ..

Clavulanic acid nwere tropism dị elu maka penisiliniin, n'ihi nke ọ na-etolite ogige nke nwere enzyme, nke na-egbochi mbibi enzymatic nke amoxicillin n'okpuru nduzi nke beta-lactamases.

Mgbe agbakwunye clavulanic acid na amoxicillin, na mgbakwunye na mmụba nke ọrụ nje ihe nke ikpeazụ, a na-ahụbawanye ọrụ intracellular bactericidal nke polymorphic nuklia leukocytes. Ọrụ nke mgbochi mgbochi na-abawanye ma a bịa na nsogbu nke nje ndị na-emepụta ma na-anaghị emepụta beta-lactamase. Na mgbakwunye na amoxicillin, clavulanic acid na-akpali chemotaxis na adhesion nke polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Mkparịta ụka ndị a nwere ike imetụta nsonaazụ ọgwụgwọ. Nke a bụ nke elere anya na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa okuku ume na - akpata pneumococcus, ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na - atụle polymorphonuclear leukocytes dị ka ụzọ nke mbụ iji gbochie ọrịa pneumococcal.

Kedụ ka clavulanic acid si arụ ọrụ?

Clavulanic acid bu onye otu nke metabolism (enzymes na antienzymes). Ọ bụ ihe mgbochi beta-lactamase ma nwee mmetụta antimicrobial. Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ ihe dị ka nhazi nke akwara dị n’ime akwara dị n’ime akwara nke penisillin. Agbanyeghị, n'adịghị ka ya, kama mgbanaka thiazolidine, clavulanic acid nwere mgbanaka oxazolidine.

Mgbe nchịkwa ọnụ gasịrị, ọgwụ clavulanic na-egbochi beta-lactamases, na-esite na ọrụ nke gram-negative na ụfọdụ microorganisms. Usoro nke ihe a na - eme dị ka ndị a: clavulanic acid na - abanye n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ nje ma na - egbochi enzymes ndị dị n’ime sel ndị a na n’ókè ha. Usoro nke igbochi beta-lactamase bụ anaghị agbanwe agbanwe. N'ihi ya, ụmụ nje anaghị enwe ike ịmalite iguzogide ọgwụ nje eji.

Etu esi eji ọgwụ eji clavulanic acid

Ejiri ọgwụ Clavulanic acid n'otu oge na Amoxicillin ma ọ bụ Ticarcillin maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa na-efe efe na-akpata site na microorganisms-njikọ. Usoro nke ọgwụ a bụ otu onye ma dọkịta kpebisie ike dabere na afọ onye ọrịa, ihe ngosi na ụdị usoro ọgwụgwọ. A na-eji nkwadebe Clavulanic acid mee ihe n'esepachara anya site na ịkpachara anya na ndị ọrịa nwere nnukwu ọrụ imeju. Ọ bụrụ na hives ma ọ bụ ọnya na-apụta, ọgwụ kwesịrị ịkwụsị.

A na-agbanye ọgwụ Clavulanic acid n'ihe banyere mmadụ n'otu n'otu. N'ime afọ ime, a ga-ahapụ iji ọgwụ a na Amoxicillin ma ọ bụ Ticarcillin naanị maka nsogbu ahụike. N'oge a na-enye nwa ara, anaghị atụ aro ka ọ theụọ ọgwụ. Mmetụta akụkụ nke clavulanic acid gụnyere: dyspepsia, cholestatic jaundice, ọrụ imeju na-arụ ọrụ, ịba ọcha n'anya, pseudomembranous colitis, candidiasis, mmeghachi omume nfụkasị (erythema multiforme, ede ede Quincke, exfoliative dermatitis, urticaria, anaphylactic shock).

Aha ahia maka ọgwụ a nwere clavulanic acid bụ “Potassium Clavulanate + Microcrystalline Cellulose”. Drugsgwakọta ọgwụ nwere clavulanic acid: Amovicomb, Amoxiclav, Amoxiclav Quiktab, Arlet, Augmentin, Bactoclav, Verclave, Clamosar, Liclav, Panclave, Ranklav "," Taromentin "," Flemoklav Solyutab "," Ecoclave "," Timentin ".

Nkọwapụta nke clavulanic acid

Clavulanic acid bụ beta-lactamase inhibitor n'ihi usoro beta-lactam, nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ otu na ụdị nke ọgwụ nje.

Njirimara a na-enye ohere ka ngwakọta ahụ na protein protein nke penicillin na-ejikọ n’elu mgbidi nke gram-positive ma ọ bụ nje gram-nke na-adịghị mma, nke na-enye aka na mbibi ha.

Kedu ihe acid na-arụ ọrụ

Clavulanic acid nwere ike igosipụta ọrụ dị ala megide Pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterococci, na-asọpụrụ na enterobacteria na hemophilus bacillus, yana ike na bacteroid, moraxella, staphylococci na streptococci. Ngwakọta beta-lactam a na-emetụta gonococci na chlamydia na onypical china na nje bacteria na klas legionella.

Nkwadebe nke gbara Clavulanic acid

Ọgwụ mgbochi ọgwụ Beta-lactam jikọtara nke ọma na ihe a, nke na-enye gị ohere ịmepụta ọgwụ ọgwụ jikọtara ọnụ na aha ika dị iche iche, dịka ọmụmaatụ, Amoxil-K, Augmentin, Amoxiclav.

Ọgwụ bụ ọgwụ bụ "Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid." A na-enweta ya n'ụdị mbadamba, ntụ ntụ maka nkwadebe nke suspensions (yana usoro ị na-emebu na “forte”), ntụ ntụ maka sirinji na ntụtụ. Ihe mejupụtara ya gụnyere amoxicillin trihydrate na clavulanic acid n'ụdị nnu potassium na ụdị dịgasị iche iche. Mbadamba nkume nwere 500 ma ọ bụ 250 mg nke ọgwụ nje na nnu nke 125 mg, ebe ngụkọta ọdịnaya nke ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ nwere ike ịbụ 625 mg, 1 g, 375 mg.

Usoro nke ime ihe

Amoxicillin nọ n'ọrụ na-eme ka ihe juputara na ọgwụ nje nwere ọgwụ dị iche iche na-emetụta gram-positive na gram-microorganisms. Enwere ike ibibi ogige ahụ na ntinye nke la-lactamases, yabụ, ọ naghị emetụta ụmụ nje ndị na-emepụta enzyme ndị a.

Clavulanic acid na-ezo aka na ngwakọta β-lactam na-egbochi ọtụtụ enzymes n'ihi ike nke ogige arụrụ arụ. Ihe omume a na-egbochi mbibi enzymatic nke ọgwụ nje amoillillin ma na-enye aka na mgbasawanye nke ọrụ ya na microorganisms, nke na-eguzogide mmetụta ya.

Ọgwụ "Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid" nwere ike ịgwọ ọrịa nje nke akụkụ elu na okuku ume, anụ ahụ na akwara.

Onye na - ahụ maka ọrịa na - alụso ọrịa ọgụ na mkpụrụ ndụ akwara n'ụdị cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, sepsis, nke malitere mgbe amuchara nwa ma ọ bụ ịmụ nwa, yana ọrịa nke akụkụ ahụ pelvic. A na-eji ọgwụ ahụ maka osteomyelitis, nsị ọbara, mbufụt nke peritoneum, ọrịa na-efe efe, anụ ahụ.

Otu esi ewere ọgwụ

Maka onye ọrịa ọ bụla, a na-ahọrọ otu n’otu n’otu, maka nke ọrịa ahụ, ọnọdụ ya na ezi uche nke nje bacteria na - emetụta clavulanic acid. Mbadamba nwere ngụkọta ọdịnaya nke ihe ike 0.375 g maka ndị okenye na ụmụaka mgbe afọ 12 gasịrị, na-eburu n'uche ụzọ dị nro ma ọ bụ agafeghị oke nke ọrịa ahụ, ka etinyere 1 nkeji 3 kwa ụbọchị. Ọ bụrụ na n’ime mbadamba ụrọ ngụkọta nke ihe eji arụ ọrụ bụ 1 g, a na-ewere ha 1 otu ugboro 2 n’ụbọchị.

A na-agwọ ọnya na-arịa ọrịa siri ike site na iji mbadamba 1 mbadamba ọgwụ ọnụego 0.625 g ma ọ bụ mbadamba abụọ nke 0.375 g, na-ewere ugboro atọ n'ụbọchị.

Nkwadebe nke nwere clavulanic acid, ntuziaka maka iji ya na-atụ aro ka ewere naanị dọkịta gị.

Ojiji nke ọgwụ ndi ozo

A na-enye dose nke ọgwụ ahụ na ndabere nke recalculation nke ọdịnaya nke ọgwụ nje dị na ya. Maka ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ 12, ntụziaka ọgwụ "Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid" akwadoghị ịdebanye mbadamba mbadamba. Ọ ka mma iji nkwụsị, sirop ma ọ bụ ọdịda maka ojiji maka ime.

A na-ahọrọ otu ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị nke amoxicillin dabere na usoro afọ:

• mụ ọhụrụ na-erubeghị ọnwa atọ ka a na-enye 0.03 g kwa 1 n'arọ nke ibu kwa ụbọchị ugboro abụọ,
• site na ọnwa 3 nke ndụ yana ọrịa dị nro, iji ụbọchị 0.025 g kwa 1 n'arọ nke ibu mee ihe ugboro abụọ ma ọ bụ 0.02 g kwa 1 n'arọ nke ịdị arọ 3 ugboro,
• nnukwu ọrịa na-achọ 0.045 g kwa 1 n'arọ nke anụ ahụ kwa ụbọchị maka ugboro 2 ma ọ bụ 0.04 g kwa 1 n'arọ nke ịdị arọ kwa ụbọchị maka ugboro atọ,
• ndị okenye na ụmụaka sitere na afọ 12, nke ịdị arọ ha sitere na 40 n'arọ na karịa, nwere ike ị aụ ọgwụ 0,5 g ugboro abụọ ma ọ bụ 0.25 g ugboro atọ.
• maka ọrịa dị egwu ma ọ bụ ọrịa nke akụkụ akụkụ okuku ume, a na-atụ aro 0.875 g ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị, ma ọ bụ 0,5 g ugboro atọ n'ụbọchị.

Usoro kachasị maka ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị nke amoxicillin maka ndị okenye na ụmụaka mgbe afọ 12 bụ 6 g, yana maka ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ 12 - enweghị ihe karịrị 0.045 g kwa 1 kilogram nke ahụ.

Egosiputara mmanu a na-anabata kwa ubochi nke clavulanic acid kwa: maka ndi okenye na umuaka mgbe ha di afo iri na abuo - 600 mg, maka umu aka na-erubeghi afo iri na abuo - 0.01 g n’otu kilogram nke aru.

Ọ bụrụ na ilo mmiri siri ike, a na-atụ aro ka ndị okenye kwụsị. Maka nkwadebe nke usoro onunu ogwu, ihe nzocha bu mmiri di ocha.

Nlekọta afọ ojuju nke ndị okenye na ndị ntorobịa mgbe afọ iri na abụọ gachara, ha ga - a aụ ọgwụ 1 g nke amoxicillin ugboro anọ n'ụbọchị. Ego ole kachasị elu kwa ụbọchị karịrị 6 g. Childrenmụaka na-erubeghị ọnwa atọ ruo afọ iri na abụọ ka a na-elekọta 0.025 g kwa 1 n'arọ n'ime usoro atọ kewara; maka ọnya siri ike, a na-eji 4 injections kwa ụbọchị.

Mụaka dị n’agbata ọnwa atọ, amụrụ ụmụ ọhụrụ akatabeghịrị site na 0.025 g kwa 1 n'arọ n’ime usoro abụọ kewara ekewa, n’ime mmalite afọ mmepe, 0.025 mg kwa 1 n'arọ n’ime usoro atọ kewara.

Ogologo oge ọgwụgwọ bụ izu abụọ, nwere nnukwu mgbasa ozi otitis - ihe dị ka ụbọchị iri.

Mgbochi nke ibute ọrịa ịwa ahụ n'oge ịwa ahụ na-akarịghị nkeji iri isii na oge ka a na-eme site na nchịkwa akwara nke 1 g nke ọgwụ n'oge oge izizi. Ogologo oge ịchọrọ iji 1000 mg mgbe awa 6 gachara ụbọchị. Ọ bụrụ na enwere ohere nke ibute ọrịa, a na-aga n'ihu iji ọgwụ ahụ maka ụbọchị abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ na-esote.

Edere ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa metụtara akwara ozi banyere 0.25 g ma ọ bụ 0,5 g maka ngwa ọ bụla ma ọ bụ 500 mg n'usoro intravenụ. Omume ndị ọzọ bụ iji ọgwụ 1 mee ihe n’oge nyocha ọ bụla na usoro 1 n’ime njedebe nke njikwa ahụ.