Ihe izizi nke hypothyroidism n’ime ụmụ nwanyị

Ihe mgbaàmà nke hypothyroidism na ụmụ nwanyị na-ebilite n'ihi ụkọ nke homonụ thyroid. Ọtụtụ mgbe enwere ụdị zoro ezo nke siri ike nchọpụta, na nmalite mmalite nke mmepe nke pathology, a na-achọpụta njirimara nke ọrịa ndị ọzọ. Ihe ịrịba ama mbụ nke hypothyroidism bụ abụba ike ọgwụgwụ. Womenmụ nwanyị nwere ike ijikọ ha na ịtụrụ ime ma ọ bụ mmeghari nke nsọ nsọ.

Ihe onyonyo a na - agha

Hypothyroidism na-etolite n'ihi mfu nke ike nke akwara iji mepụta homonụ nke na-emetụta metabolism, na-akpali usoro endocrine na usoro urogenital. N'okwu a, ọrụ nke ọtụtụ akụkụ na-agbagha. Agbanyeghi eziokwu na hypothyroidism na-arụ ọrụ, ihe mgbaàmà ya na ihe ndị na-esite na ya bụ ihe sitere na Organic. Ọkpụkpụ anụ ahụ dị na homonụ thyroid na-emetụta. Hypothyroidism adịkarịghị aghọ nchọpụta. Ogologo oge nke homonụ thyroid na-akpata ọtụtụ ọgba aghara na-aga n'ihu ngwa ngwa.

Ihe izizi nke oria a bu na ndi nwanyi:

nsọ ya.
ibu oke ibu
ọrịa dyspeptik,
ọzịza nke ihu na ụkwụ.

A ntutu isi onye ọrịa ahụ na-adị nkenke ma na-agbawa agbawa, a na-ahụta ọnwụ ha. Oge olu na-agbanwe ma na-anụkwa njọ. Usoro iche echiche dị nwayọ. N'ihi nsogbu ọgbụgba, ihe mgbaze na-apụta.

Ike gwụchara nwanyị ahụ, na-achọpụta na mbelata arụmọrụ ya. Akpukpo ahu na-acha odo odo.

A na-egosipụta ụfọdụ ụdị hypothyroidism site na mbelata okpomọkụ na ụda olu.

Akwara mgbu na-eso cramps. Ihe ọ bụla na - emegharị nwayọ, ejighi n'aka. Ihe ngosiputa nke usoro obi:

ihe mgbu dị n'azụ azụ ahụ,
bradycardia
kadiomegaly
ụda obi gbawara agbawa,
pericarditis
hypotension.

Onye ọrịa ahụ na -akpata nkụda mmụọ ma na-egbochi ya, ịda mbà n'obi na-amalitekarị. Ikike icheta ihe na ikike ọgụgụ isi na-akawanye njọ. Anya nke ịnụ ihe na ịnụ ihe na-ebelata. Site na nsị nke adrenal, mgbaàmà nke hypothyroidism na-abawanye. N'ime ụmụ nwanyị, libido belatara, mwepu nke glands mammary pụtara, nsọ nwanyị anaghị adị kpamkpam.

Ọrịa ahụ na-emetụta sistemu hematopoietic n'ụzọ ọjọọ. Ọrịa anaemia na leukopenia tolitere, ọgụ anaghị ebelata. Usoro urinary na-ata ahụhụ - ụbọchị diuresis na-ebelata. Ngosiputa ekpughere oria a na ndi nwanyi:

akpụkpọ ahụ,
anụ ahụ dị nro
ike ọgwụgwụ
na-ebelata ọbara mgbali elu
n'ibelata usoro iche echiche,
frigidity, infertility.

Ndakpo nke eriri afọ na-eduga na ntachi, ọgbụgbọ, ida agụụ. A na-ahụ ahụ ihe nri adịghị na friza.

Echiche nke hypothyroidism

Ọkpụkpụ thyroid bụ obere gland n'ụdị nke urukurubụba, nke dị n'ihu trachea. Ọ bụrụ n’etinye mkpịsị aka gị n’akụkụ nke apụl Adam ma were ụyọkọ, ị ga-enwe mmetụta otu o si na-amị n’okpuru mkpịsị aka ahụ. Ahụ a na-ewepụta homonụ thyroid, nke na-achịkwa uto na metabolism nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ niile nke ahụ.

Mkpụrụ ndụ a na-akpọ pituitary gland, obere gland dị n’etiti isi, na - achịkwa physiology ma wepụta homonụ na - akpali akpali (TSH). TSH bụ ihe nnọchianya nke gland thyroid iji mee ka homonụ thyroid (thyroid) rụọ ọrụ.

Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ̀kwa homonụ na-akpali akpali na-ebili, ma glandia thyroid enweghị ike ịhapụ homonụ ọzọ. A maara ọnọdụ a dị ka hypothyroidism bụ isi, ọ na-esokwa mgbanwe na nha nke gland thyroid. N'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, TSH na-ebelata, ma glandia thyroid anaghị enweta akara iji gbanwee ihe ndị ọ na-arụ ọrụ. Nke a ka a na-akpọ hypothyroidism nke abụọ.

A na - ejikọ ọkwa "thyroid dị ala" ma ọ bụ hypothyroidism site na mgbaàmà dị iche iche. Isiokwu a ga - enyere gị aka ịmata ihe ndị a.

Ofdị pathology na ihe ndị mere ya

Site n’ọmụmụ ogologo oge, ndị ọkachamara nwechara ikewapụta ọrịa a na-adabere na mbido ya. Yabụ, ha bụ ndịiche:

Ọrịa hypothyroidism nke mbụ, nke na-apụta n'ihi usoro ọgbaghara nke na-eme na gland thyroid,
hypothyroidism nke abụọ, nke na-etolite n'ihi mmebi nke glanduatiu ma ọ bụ hypothalamus.

Ọrịa hypothyroidism nke mbụ

Ejiri ya na mmebi nke thyroid gland n'onwe ya. Nyere mmalite, enwere ụdị abụọ:

Congenital, nke a na-achọpụta ozugbo n'ime ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ, ihe kpatara ọrịa a, dịka iwu, bụ ọnụnọ nke myxedema na nne n'oge ime,
enwetara, na-etolite dika ekpughepu ihe di iche iche na aru mmadu.

Ọkpụkpụ hypothyroidism

Ọ bụ aplasia ma ọ bụ hypoplasia nke thyroid gland na ụmụ na-eto eto, nke n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ na-esonyere ụkọ mmepe na ahụike (cretinism).

Ofdị ụdị ọrịa a na-ahụkarị na 96-98% nke ikpe niile. Ihe ndị na-akpata mmepe nke hypothyroidism enwetara bụ:

mkpali nke ọrịa dị iche iche
erughi ayodiin na ebe ihe nile ghariworo,
Hashimoto autoimmune thyroiditis,
ọnụnọ nke akpụ akpụ, sarcoidosis,
mwepu nke thyroid gland,
ọgwụgwọ redio ayodiin,
oriri nke estrogens, androgens,
na-eme radiotherapy, radieshon ọgwụ,
ekpughere ọgwụ ụfọdụ (sulfonamides, glucocorticoids),
akwara ịwa ahụ.

Ọgwụ hypothyroidism nke abụọ

Ọ na-etolite n'ihi mmepe nke mbufụt ma ọ bụ ọnya ọnya nke pituitary ma ọ bụ hypothalamus, nke na-achịkwa ọrụ nke gland thyroid. Enwere ike ịchọpụta ụdị hypothyroidism nke abụọ ma ọ bụrụ:

Oke uto nke uto uto,
ogwu gbasara egwu,
na mkpochapu nke mmekorita nwoke na nwanyi (hypogonadism).

Ndị ọkachamara na-achọpụta ihe dị iche iche a na-akpọ hypothyroidism nke thyroid gland, mgbe ọrịa ahụ enweghị akara ọ bụla ma nwee ike ịmalite n'ụdị latent (latent). Diseasedị ọrịa a adịkarịghị - na naanị 10-20% nke ikpe, yana e ji mara ndị inyom mgbe afọ iri ise gachara.

Tinyere subclinical, enwere hypothyroidism pụtara, mgbe ọrịa ahụ na-aga n'ihu ngwa ngwa, na-egosipụta ụlọ ahụ ike n'oge mmalite.

Ọrịa na akara

1) Obi erughi ala ma obu ike gwụrụ

Ihe nrịba ama nke hypothyroidism bụ mmetụta nke adịghị ike n'ahụ. A kọwara nke a site n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na homonụ thyroid na-ejikwa nguzozi ike, na-emetụta mmetụta ịmụrụ anya na ụra. Iji maa atụ, n’usoro ụmụ anụmanụ na - a ,ụ mmiri, enwere ọkwa homonụ dị ala, nke bụ ihe na-ekpebi ụra ha dị ogologo.

N'otu nnyocha, ndị okenye 138 nwere hypothyroidism nwere oke ike mpụga, belata arụmọrụ. Na mgbakwunye, ha kọrọ enweghị mkpali na mmetụta nke ike mmụọ. Ọbụkwa na ezigbo ụra na -ekwu ụra ogologo oge, ndị ọ na-achị enwetaghị izu ike. Na nyocha ọzọ, 50% nke ndị nwere hypothyroidism na-enwe ike ọgwụgwụ oge niile, na 42% nwere ọrịa a nwere usoro ihi ụra.

2) Ibu ibu

Otu n'ime “mgbịrịgba” ndị a na-esote n'ọrịa bụ mmụba anụ ezi na-enweghị isi.

Ọ bụghị naanị na ndị nwere obere ọrụ thyroid na-emegharị obere, ha na-ezigakwa ọkọlọtọ umeji, akwara na anụ ahụ adipose iji jide calorie.

Mgbe ọkwa nke homonụ dị ala karịa, anụ ahụ na-agbanwe usoro metabolic, na-agbanwe gaa na "ọnọdụ" ọzọ. Kama iwere calorie na-agbaze maka uto na ịmụghari sel, anụ ahụ na-echekwa ha. N'ihi ya, ahụ na-echekwa ọtụtụ kalori ka abụba. Ibu ibu na-adịkwa n'ọnọdụ ọ bụrụgodị na nri agbanwebeghị.

Na ihe omumu emere na ndi mmadu guzobeworo hypothyroidism, achoputara ogo nke 7-14 n'arọ kwa afo ka ahuru udiri oria ha.

Mgbe ị na-abawanye ibu, ị ga-ebu ụzọ chee echiche banyere ụdị ibi ndụ na ndụ ọjọọ emetụtala ya. Ọ bụrụ na ịdị arọ ahụ rịrị elu, n’agbanyeghi nri kwesịrị ekwesị na mmega ahụ, ọ bara uru ịgwa dọkịta gị. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ “mgbịrịgba” n'eziokwu ahụ na mgbanwe na-adịghị mma na-eme n'ime ahụ.

3) Mmetụta oyi

Okpomọkụ na-esite site na kalori n'ime ahu. Agbanyeghị, n'ọnọdụ nke hypothyroidism, ọnụego metabolic na-ebelata, belata okpomọkụ a na-emepụta.

Na mgbakwunye, homonụ thyroid “na-abawanye ogo” nke abụba aja aja, nke na-ewepụta okpomọkụ. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa iji mee ka ahụ mmadụ nọgide na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi, mana enweghị homonụ thyroid na-egbochi ya ịrụ ọrụ ya. Ọ bụ ya mere na ọrịa dị otú ahụ, mmadụ nwere ike ịnwe nju oyi.

Ihe dị ka 40% nke ndị nwere hypothyroidism na-enwe mmetụta ọmịiko karịa oyi.

4) Nnukwu mgbu na adịghị ike na nkwonkwo na akwara

Mbelata nke homonụ thyroid na-agbanwe metabolism, iji nweta ike dị mkpa, ahụ ahụ na-amalite ibibi akwara, nke na-eduga na catabolism. N'oge catabolism, ike ike na-ebelata, nke a na-emekwa ka mmetụta nke adịghị ike. Mbibi nke akwara anụ ahụ na-eduga na mgbu.

Site n'oge ruo n'oge, anyị niile na-enwe ike. Agbanyeghị, ndị nwere obere thyroid na -ewekarị okpukpu abụọ karịa ka ha na-arịa ọrịa. Na mgbakwunye, akwara na - apụta na 34% nke ndị nwere ọnọdụ a.

Nnyocha nke mmadụ 35 nwere hypothyroidism gosiri na iwere homonụ na - akpụ akpụ - levothyroxine, na-ahụ ike ike ma na-ebelata ihe mgbu, ma e jiri ya tụnyere enweghị ọgwụgwọ. Ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ gosipụtara ọganihu 25% na ọnọdụ anụ ahụ n'etiti ndị na-anata ọgwụgwọ hormone.

Adịghị ike na mgbu bụ ihe arụ mgbe arụchara arụsị siri ike. Ka o sina dị, mgbe ihe ịrịba ama ndị a pụtara, ma karịchaa mgbe ejiri ike na - enweghị ike, ị kwesịrị ịkpọtụrụ dọkịta.

5) ntutu isi na-ada

Arịrị afọ nke thyroid na-emetụta ntutu isi karịsịa ike, ebe follicles nwere sel azuokokoosisi, nke nwere oge ndụ yana obere oge. Mbelata nke ọkwa nke homonụ na-akwụsị iweghachi sel, nke na-eduga na ntutu isi. Nsogbu a na-apụ n'anya mgbe mweghachi nke ọkwa hormone dị.

N'otu nnyocha, achọpụtara na ihe dịka 25-30% nke ndị ọrịa na-eleta ọkachamara n'ịgwọ ọrịa nwere homonụ dị ala. Ndị na-egosi egosi rịrị elu 40% n'ime mmadụ karịrị 40. Na mgbakwunye, ọmụmụ ọzọ gosipụtara na hypothyroidism dugara na 'ntutu ntutu' 10% nke ndị nwere homonụ thyroid dị ala.

Ọ bara uru iche banyere hypothyroidism na mgbanwe na-atụghị anya ya na nhazi nke ntutu, mfu ha, nkụ. N'ezie, enwere ihe ndị ọzọ metụtara ntutu, mana naanị dọkịta nwere ike inye aka chọpụta ihe kpatara ọrịa a ma nye aka dị mkpa.

6) Iwe na akpukpo akpukpo aru

Akpụ akpụkpọ ahụ, dịka ntutu isi, nwere ike dị oke ọhụrụ. Ma ha na-ahụkarị mgbanwe maka mgbanwe nke homonụ thyroid.

Mgbe agbahaala nke anụ ahụ nkịtị agbajiri agbaji, ọ na-ewe ọtụtụ oge karịa ịlaghachi n'ọnọdụ nke eke ya. A na - eji nwayọ nwayọ na - akpalite ogwe anụ ahụ - epidermis - nke nwayọ, na - ewetara mbibi. Ọzọkwa, mkpụrụ ndụ akpụkpọ ahụ nwụrụ anwụ na-egosipụta njọ, nke na-eduga n'inwe iwe na nkụ.

Otu nnyocha chọpụtara na 74% nke ndị nwere ọrịa thyroid hormone dị ala kọrọ akpụkpọ anụ akọrọ. Agbanyeghị, 50% ndị ọrịa nwere ọkwa ịba ụba dị mma kọkwara nsogbu akpụkpọ ahụ bilitere n'ihi ihe ndị ọzọ. N'ihi nke a, ọ gaghị ekwe omume ịchọpụta n'ụzọ ziri ezi ma nsogbu thyroid na-akpata nkụ na nkụ.

Agbanyeghị, 50% nke ndị nwere hypothyroidism kọrọ na ọnọdụ akpụkpọ ha akala njọ n'afọ gara aga. Mgbanwe ndị a na-enweghị ike ịkọwa site na nfụkasị ma ọ bụ iji nri ọhụrụ nwere ike ịbụ ihe ịrịba ama nke nsogbu thyroid.

N'ikpeazụ, enwere ike bute ọkwa nke hormone ahụ site na ọrịa autoimmune, nke na-enwe mmetụta na-adịghị mma na anụ ahụ, na-akpata ọzịza na ọbara ọbara, nke a maara dị ka myxedema. Myxedema nwere hypothyroidism bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị karịa akpọnwụ akpọnwụ ma ọ bụ akpasu iwe.

7) Obi erughi ala ma obu obi uto

Hypothyroidism na-edugakarị ịda mba. Enweghị nkọwa maka nke a taa, o yikarịrị ka nke a bụ n'ihi nsogbu uche, belatara ike na ahụike na-adịghị mma.

64% nke ụmụ nwanyị na 57% nke ụmụ nwoke nwere oke homonụ kọrọ ịda mba. Ihe dị ka otu pasent nke nchegbu abụọ ahụ enwere.

N'otu nnyocha, iwere homonụ thyroid ma e jiri ya tụnyere placebo wepụrụ nkụda mmụọ na ndị ọrịa nwere obere hypothyroidism. Nnyocha ọzọ nke ụmụ agbọghọ nwere ntakịrị nwayọ na homonụ thyroid kpughere oke ụba nke ọnọdụ nkụda mmụọ, nke a na-ejikọkwa na enweghị afọ ojuju na mmekọahụ ha.

Na mgbakwunye, mgbanwe mmiri homonụ na-efe efe nwere ike ibute hypothyroidism na, n'ihi ya, ịda mba na-aga n'ihu.

8) enweghi ike na ebe nchekwa

Ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa nwere hypothyroidism na-ahụkarị “nebula” nke uche na mbelata nke ịta.

N'ime otu nnyocha, 22% ndị nwere oke homonụ thyroid kọwara ụfọdụ ihe isi ike na ịgụta ụbọchị kwa ụbọchị, 36% gbochiri mmeghachi omume, yana 39% kọrọ nrụrụ ebe nchekwa. N'ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ, ụmụ nwanyị 14 na ụmụ nwoke nwere hypothyroidism nwere nsogbu siri ike iburu okwu ọnụ.

Amabeghị ihe kpatara nke a, mana a na-ewepụ ihe isi ike na ebe nchekwa na ọgwụgwọ homonụ.

Etercheta ncheta ma ọ bụ itinye uche n'ihe niile dịịrị onye ọ bụla, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ na mberede ma ọ bụ mee ogologo oge, ọ nwere ike bụrụ “mgbịrịgba” nke hypothyroidism.

9) elzọ ije na-adịghị mfe

Hypothyroidism metụtara ọrụ eriri afọ.

Dabere na otu nnyocha, 17% nke ndị nwere ntakịrị ọgwụ thyroid na-ahụ afọ ntachi, na-atụnyere 10% nke ndị nwere ọkwa dị mma. Na nyocha ọzọ, 20% ndị nwere ọrịa a kwuru na nsogbu nke afọ ntachi na-akawanye njọ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere 6% nke ndị nwere ọkwa homonụ nkịtị.

Ọ bụ ezie na afọ ntachi bụ mkpesa a na-ahụkarị maka ndị ọrịa nwere hypothyroidism, ọ dịkarịghị ikpe ikpe ntachi bụ naanị ihe mgbaàmà ma ọ bụ kachasị njọ.

10) Ọnọdụ siri ike ma ọ bụ oge adịghị mma

Ọnọdụ ọbara ọgbụgba na-adịghị ala ala na nke siri ike metụtara njikọta hypothyroidism.

Otu nnyocha chọpụtara na ihe dịka 40% nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere ọrịa homonụ na-adịghị ala ala nwere nsogbu nwoke ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba dị ukwuu n'afọ gara aga, ma e jiri ya tụnyere 26% nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere ọkwa nkịtị. N'ime ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ, 30% nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere nsogbu adịghị n'ọrịa hypothyroidism mgbe ha nwesịrị akara ndị ọzọ mere ka ha nwalee.

Homonụ thyroid na-ezute na homonụ ndị ọzọ na-achịkwa oge gị, ọkwa ya na-adịghị ala ala nwere ike igbochi ọrụ ha. Na mgbakwunye, glands na-emetụta ovaries na akpanwa.

Agbanyeghị, enwere ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịmetụta oge ezighi ezi na oke nsogbu nwoke.

Usoro nyocha

Ọ bụrụ na enwere ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ịga leta endocrinologist nke ga-eduzi nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ na ntinye nke usoro nyocha ga - esochi:

Nyocha ọbara maka ọnụnọ nke homonụ thyroid na uche ha n'ọbara,
nnwale ọbara nyocha iji chọpụta homonụ na-akpali mkpụrụ ndụ nke pituitary gland iji mata ọdịdị hypothyroidism: ụkpụrụ TSH dị ala na-egosi mmepe nke hypothyroidism nke abụọ, yana ụkpụrụ dị elu na-egosi mmepe nke hypothyroidism nke mbụ,
scintigraphy, nke na-ekpebi ike nke gland thyroid iji weghara ayodiin ma mepụta homonụ nke ya.
mkpebi siri ike nke ịta ahụhụ nke ọgwụ nje na thyroid pyroxidase (AT-TPO), yana thyroglobulin (AT-TG), ụkpụrụ dị elu nke ndị na-egosi na-egosi ọdịdị ọrịa ahụ.
MPT na ụbụrụ ga - enyere aka iwepụ ohere nke ịmalite nke abụọ (pituitary) na tertiary (hypothalamic) hypothyroidism,
Ultrasound nke gland thyroid ga - enyere aka ịchọpụta ọnụnọ ma ọ bụ, na nke ọzọ, enweghi ọnya afọ ma ọ bụ nodes, n'ihi nke hypothyroidism nke gland thyroid nwere ike ịmalite.

A na-eme nchọpụta ọdịiche dị iche iche hypothyroidism site na iji nyocha ihu ụmụaka, nke a na-eme n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụlọọgwụ 4-5 ụbọchị mgbe amuchara nwa.

Afọ ole na ole gara aga, enweghị ọgwụ dị irè. Ọrịa ahụ nwetara ndụ siri ike ogologo oge, myxedema bụ nhọrọ a na-ahụkarị maka mmepe nke ọrịa na ụmụ nwanyị. Ọ bụrụ na ọrịa thyroid tolitere n’oge mmepe intrauterine, a na-ahụkarị cretinism, nke, na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ zuru oke, na-agbanwe arụ.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, etinyere ụdị hypothyroidism dị oke ala.

A na-ahụkarị ngosipụta nke ụbụrụ thyroid na ọkwa mbụ nke ọrịa ahụ ma na-agbazi site na ọgwụgwọ nnọchi homonụ. Ọrụ dọkịta bụ ịhọrọ ụdị ọgwụ kachasị mma: L-thyroxine, Thyrecomb na analogues ha.

Treatmentgwọ hypothyroidism n'ime ụmụ nwanyị na-amalite site na obere usoro, jiri nwayọ na-abawanye usoro onunu ogwu. Ka ọnọdụ ahụike na-adịwanye mma (na-anabata ọgwụ nkịtị), usoro homonụ na-abawanye ruo mgbe ihe mgbaàmà na-apụ kpamkpam. Ma ọbụlagodi n'oge nnwere onwe nke ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa ahụ, ọgwụgwọ anaghị akwụsị. Exnweta ọgwụ ọnya na-anọchi ọgwụ nwere ike ịdị ogologo ndụ gị niile. Ọ bụrụ na ịmalite ọgwụgwọ n'oge n'oge, ndị ọrịa anabatakwa ọgwụ nke ọma, ikike onye ọrịa nwere na-adịgide.

Enwere nhọrọ ịgwọ ọrịa ịwa ahụ. N'oge ịwa ahụ, a na-ewepụ akụkụ nke gland ahụ. Mgbe a wasịrị ya, a na-atụkwa ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ homonụ.

A na-enye onye ọrịa ahụ ọgwụ nri, yana mmụba nwayọ nwayọ na ụba nke vitamin na mineral, nri nri protin, yana ịmachi oriri na abụba na carbohydrates, na -ebelata ike nke nri nri kwa ụbọchị.

A na - ewepụ ngwaahịa ndị nwere carbohydrates na-emebi emebi (muffins, sweets, akwukwo nri na abụba anụmanụ) na nri, na ngwaahịa ndị nwere nnukwu ọdịnaya nke carbohydrates dị mgbagwoju anya, fiber na akwukwo nri, yana nri nwere akwukwo nri na protein anụmanụ. Ebe ọ bụ na hypothyroidism nke thyroid gland na-esote edema, a na-enye ndị ọrịa ọgwụ nnu nwere obere nnu, yana ihe mgbochi na iri mmiri. Na ọnụnọ afọ ntachi, nri na-agụnye:

Ihe ọ Naturalụ Naturalụ sitere n'okike: beetroot, apụl, karọt,
mkpụrụ osisi akpọnwụ: fig, prun,
otu ngwa mmiri ara ehi na - ere mmiri - yogọt, kefir.

N’ime ụdị nsogbu ọrịa a bu oke ibu, a na-enye ndị ọrịa iwu nri Nke 8, nke nwere ume dị ala - ruo 1800 kcal. Liancegbaso nri ahụ na - eme ka ọnọdụ onye ọrịa dị ka ọ dị nfe ma belata oge ọgwụgwọ.

Mmechi

Hypothyroidism ma ọ bụ ọrụ thyroid na-ebelata bụ nkwarụ a na-ahụkarị.

Ọrịa a nwere ike ibute ọtụtụ ihe mgbaàmà, dịka ike ọgwụgwụ, oke ibu, na mmetụta nke oyi. O nwekwara ike bute nsogbu na ntutu isi, anụ ahụ, akwara, ebe nchekwa, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ.

Ọ dị mkpa ịmara na ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime nsogbu ndị a pụrụ iche na hypothyroidism.

Agbanyeghị, ọ bụrụ na enwere njikọta nke ọtụtụ n'ime ihe mgbaàmà ndị a, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ha apụtala n'oge na-adịbeghị anya ma ọ bụ nwekwuo ume, mgbe ahụ ịkwesịrị ịgakwuru dọkịta iji kpebie ma ị ga-anwale ule hypothyroidism.

Ọ dabara nke ọma, a na-agwọkarị ọgwụ na ọgwụ na-adịghị ọnụ.

Ọ bụrụ na homonụ nke thyroid na-adị ala, ọgwụgwọ dị mfe nwere ike imeziwanye ụdị ndụ gị.

Kedu ihe ọ bụ, koodu ICD-10

Ọrịa a bụ site na ịnọ ogologo oge na-enweghị homonụ thyroid ma ọ bụ ụkọ nke mmetụta ndu ha na ọkwa anụ ahụ.

Nkewa di n'etiti

latent (subclinical, zoro ezo),
gosipụta (oge dị elu),
gbagwojuru anya.

Enweghi ike nke homonụ thyroid na-eduga n'ịbelata metabolism, mbelata ihe ngosipụta niile nke metabolism bụ isi na mmeghachi nke redox, glycoproteins na-agbakọ na anụ ahụ, nke na-enyere aka na mmepe nke edema mucous.

N'ihi nsogbu ndị a, ọ na-emetụta akụkụ niile na sistem niile.

Dabere na International Classifier nke Ọrịa nke nyocha nke 10 (ICD-10) hypothyroidism na-ezo aka na ọrịa nke usoro endocrine nwere akwụkwọ ozi "E" na ngosipụta site na 00 ruo 03.

Edepụtara koodu iche na ụdị ọrịa ọ bụla.. Nke a dị mkpa maka ịkọwa na ịkọ ụlọ ọgwụ nke ọrịa, maka ọnụ ọgụgụ mpaghara dị iche iche, na-enyere aka n'ịchọpụta nyocha nke ọma na ịhọrọ ụzọ ọgwụgwọ dị mma.

A kọwara ihe ndị na-akpata ire ere na ụmụ nwanyị n'isiokwu a.

A tụlere ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà nke appendicitis na-adịghị ala ala n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ebe a. Na-elebara ahụ ike gị anya!

Ihe na - akpata mmepe n’oge ọmụmụ na oge ịhụ nsọ

Maka isi (95% nke ikpe) hypothyroidism ihe ndabere a bụ mmeri nke gland thyroid, na-eduga n'ịrụ ọrụ ya, nke nwere ike ibilite ma ọ bụ nweta ya.

Akwụkwọ nke abụọ mere site na mbelata ike nke pituitary gland iji mepụta homonụ na-akpali akpali, lọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị kpatara mmebi nke hypothalamic nuclei.

Banyere ụdị njikọ Ha na-ekwu mgbe homonụ ndị dị na ha anaghị eme ihe dịka ha kwesịrị.

Ọ bụrụ na ezinaụlọ na-akwado maka ọdịdị nwa ha, Nwanyị kwesịrị ịbanye nyocha nke homonụ na nhazi nke ịtụrụ ime, ebe ọ bụ na ọnụnọ nke nsogbu n'oge mmegharị ahụ nwere ike ibute mmepe nke ụbụrụ nwa a na-amụbeghị amụtacha ma na-eduga n'ọrịa ụbụrụ.

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ na gland thyroid na menopause adịkarịghị ejikọrịta na ibe ya. ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-enwe hypothyroidism n'oge menopause.

Nchegbu, erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ, enweghị ụra, mmetụta na-adịghị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi, na eketa eketa nwere ike bụrụ ihe kpatara ọdịda nke ọrụ gland a dị mkpa.

Nsogbu na arụ ọrụ nke ahụ na-eme n’oge o nwere afọ nwekwara ike imetụta ịrụ ọrụ gland.

Ihe na - akpata ọrịa na hypothyroidism - ụkọ nke homonụ thyroid:

Foto a na-adakarị, ihe ịrịba ama

Ihe onyonyo onyonyo nke oria a bu na oge onodu nke enweghi homonu, onwa onye oria, na oria a na -akpo.

Hypothyroidism nwere ọtụtụ “nkpuchi” o nwere ike ghazie onwe ya dika otutu oria ma obu syndromes:

rheumatologic: polysynovitis, polyarthritis, polyarthralgia, osteoarthrosis na-aga n'ihu,
ogwu: hyperkeratosis, alopecia, onycholysis, akpụkpọ akpọnwụ, na-eji mkpụkọ dị mkpụmkpụ ma ọ bụ ogologo akụkụ,
isi mgbaka: dementia, ịda mba,
iku ume iku ume: njide iku ume na ụra (nsogbu nke mkpachi okpo iku ume), uda ubara, na - esite na laryngitis
gynecological: infertility, ovaries dysfunction, amenorrhea, polymenorrhea, menorrhagia, hypermenorrhea, uterine dysfunctional,
obi: dyslipidemia, njegharị na mgbakasị ahụ, hypotension, ọbara ọgbụgba,
akwara ozi: syndromes ọwara (ọwara carpal, akwara peroneal, wdg),
eriri afọ: gastric mucosa atrophy, afọ ntachi, afọ biliary dyskinesia, nnukwu eriri afọ dyskinesia, cholelithiasis, ịba ọcha n'anya, agụụ na-ebelata, ọgbụgbọ.

Site na ụkọ TSH, ọkwa nke nchekwube na ọrụ na-ebelata. N'ime ndị ọrịa nwere hypothyroidism, hypercholesterolemia na dyslipidemia bụkwa ihe a na-ahụkarị.

Ka oge na-aga kemgbe ọrịa ahụ malitere enwere ike ibute ọbara mgbali intracranial.

Mmadụ nwere isi ọwụwa oge niile, adịghị ike, ọnya ọnya na-eme ka ihe na-egbu mgbu. N'ime ụmụ nwanyị, usoro nsọ na-agahie, mastopathy bidoro.

Ma mgbe onye ọrịa ahụ gakwuru dọkịta. mkpesa enweghị isi: mbọ aka nhụjuanya, ụra, ike ọgwụgwụ, nju oyi, ike ọgwụgwụ, ncheta ụdara, afọ ntachi, ntutu isi, oke ibu.

Na oge subclinical

Nsonaazụ nke ụdị subclinical dị iche, ọ pụtara ihubereghị onwe ya ma ọlịịhapụ ikwere ọrịa.

Ọkpụkpụ na-eme ka ike gwụ ha na ike ọgwụgwụ.

N'oge a, ọnọdụ mmetụta uche na-enwekarị nsogbu mmetụta uche., site n ’ebe a na-enwe nkụda mmụọ, ihe na-agaghị ekwe nghọta, ịda mba nwere ihe ndị na-akpata ụjọ, nke na-ebelata ọgwụ antidepressants, ebe nchekwa, nlebara anya na ọgụgụ isi.

Ọnọdụ a na-eme ka ụra buru ibu, ura na-ehi ụra n'echeghị echiche nke izu ike.

Ka ọ na-etolite

Ka nsogbu ahụ na-etolite, a na-ahụkarị ihe mgbaàmà ya, nke dabere na njirimara nke anụ ahụ.

Nke nta nke nta n'ime mmadụ:

nwere ọgụgụ isi belata
a na-anụ olu ike, a na-ebelata ịnụ ihe,

afọ ntachi na-amalite
Ọrịa broncho-pulmonary na-agbatị agbatị amalite
nkwonkwo mgbu na-amalite,
n'ime ụmụ nwanyị, usoro nsọ nwanyị na-efufu, nsọ nwanyị adị ka ọbara ọgbụgba,
ọzịza na-etolite, nke nwere ike ime ka o sie ike ikwu okwu,
n'ụdị siri ike, ascites (afọ nke ịba) na-eto.

N’ụdị ọgwụgwọ gosipụtara ọrịa nkwonkwo akwara kacha kpọọ, ọkachasị na ụmụ nwanyị ndị okenye na ụmụ nwoke, ọrụ ọgụgụ isi anaghị arụ ọrụ.

Tonye ga-akpọtụrụ, ụzọ nchọpụta, nyocha ọbara

Endocrinologist na-agwọ hypothyroidism. Oria diagnosis, di nkenke na otutu.

Njikọ nke ule ndị a na-enyere endocrinologist aka ịkọpụta nsogbu ahụ:

mmụba dịpụrụ adịpụ na TSH na-egosi hypothyroidism subclinical,
mmụba dị elu na TSH, mbelata nke triiodothyronine (T3) na thyroxine (T4) - site n'ụzọ doro anya ma ọ bụ nke pụtara ìhè, na ọkwa nke T3 na T4 na-ebelata na ogo nke ọrịa ahụ,
ọ bụrụ na TSH na T4 dị ala karịa, ihe kpatara nsogbu nwere ike ịdabere na gland pituitary.

Isoro na nsogbu

Ihe egwu nke hypothyroidism di na mmepe nke otutu nsogbuọtụtụ n'ime ha na-emerụ nnukwu ahụ.

Nke a bụ amụghị nwa, anaemia, ọmụmụ nke nwatakịrị enweghị nsogbu, mmepe nke adịghị ike ọgụgụ isi na okenye, ọrịa obi.

Ọrịa ahụ anaghị agwọ kpamkpam, ọ ga-adị mkpa ị medicationụ ọgwụ maka ndụ. Ọ bụrụ na emechara ihe niile dị ka usoro ndenye ọgwụ si dị, enwere ike ịchịkwa ihe mgbaàmà ahụ, na-egbochi ha ịgbalite ọrụ maka ndụ ha niile.

E nwere ọnọdụ mgbake, mana naanị mgbe nsogbu ahụ bụ n'ihi ezughi oke iodine ma ọ bụ mbufụt nke gland thyroid n'ihi ọrịa nje.

Traditionkpụrụ ọdịnala

Principlekpụrụ dị mkpa maka ọgwụgwọ bụ nchịkwa homonụ nke homonụ thyroid na ahụ. A na-ejikarị ya homonụ ọgwụ T4.

Ọ ga-adị mkpa ị takeụ ọgwụ nwere ya maka ndụ. Ewezuga ya nwere ike bụrụ naanị ikpe gbasara hypothyroidism nke nwa oge.

Maka ọrịa obi, a na-eji obere doses.ndị a drunkụrụma maka izu 4-6 n'okpuru nlekọta nke ECG. Naanị lelee ike omume nke ịba ụba dose.

Ọgwụ Hormonal nke hypothyroidism - ọgwụgwọ hormone, maka oke ibu:

Ihe na - ebute mmepe na ụmụ nwanyị

Kedu ihe na-akpata ọrịa ahụ na gịnị ka ọ bụ? Ebe ọ bụ na hypothyroidism a na-ahụkarị bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị karịa inweta ụmụ nwanyị, ihe ndị mbụ na-akpata nwere ike ịbụ n'ụdị mmalite nke nketa. Mmepe oria a n’aru umu nwanyi nwere ike buru ihe ndi a:

Ọkpụkpụ thyroid - aplasia ma ọ bụ hypoplasia,
Ọnọdụ na-adịghị mma nke thyroid gland dị na mpaghara sublingual nke ogwooro,
Mmebi nke biosynthesis nke homonụ thyroid.

Enwere ụdị hypothyroidism dị otú a:

Ọrịa hypothyroidism nke mbụ na-amalite na mmebi mmebi nke thyroid gland. Ihe ndị kpatara ya bụ ihe gbasara ịwa ahụ na akwara thyroid, mmerụ ahụ ya, ọrịa na-efe efe na infiltration, X-ray irradiation, erughi iodine n'ahụ, autoimmune thyroiditis.

Ọbara hypothyroidism nke abụọ, ihe kpatara nguzobe ya bụ ọnya nke gland pituitary, n'ihi nke mgbanwe mgbanwe akwara ndị dị na mkpụrụ ndụ gland, na mmepụta nke homonụ na-akpali homonụ na-ebelata. Ọ bụ nsonaazụ n'akụkụ ọnya na ọnya ọnya ọgbụgba.

Arịa hypothyroidism bụ nsonaazụ nke ọnya na mpaghara hypothalamus nke na-ahụ maka njikọ nke homonụ thyroliberin (TRH) na ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ nwoke.

A na-ahụta ụdị ọrịa a, mgbe ana - egbochi homonụ hypothyroid na - akpali akpali, ma ọ bụ nguzogide mkpụrụ ndụ.

Sayensị enweghị ike ịkọwapụta ihe kpatara ihe a ji mee, na enwere ike dị ukwuu na ihe kpatara ya bụ agamị sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa.

Taa, naanị akara ka edere ma dezie usoro ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị.

Otu esi amata hypothyroidism, mgbaàmà

Mbelata nke mmepụta homonụ, njirimara nke ụdị hypothyroidism, na-emetụta arụmọrụ nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ niile dị n'ime na sistemụ mmadụ: eriri afọ, obi, arịa ọbara, urogenital na sistemụ akwara etiti. Oria di na onodu obula putara ihe.

Mmepe na oria a di ogologo, odika ihe obula ana enweghi akara obula. Nke a na ọtụtụ ngosipụta, na-eyikarị ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa ndị ọzọ, na-agbagha nchọpụta nke oge hypothyroidism. Udiri oria di iche-iche n’ebe ndi nwanyi gunyere:

Ike ọgwụgwụ, ike ọgwụgwụ,
Rowsjọ
Ọrụ ụbụrụ na mbelata,
Oge nsọ
Iri ibu a na-atụghị anya ya
Ntachi
Akpụkpọkpọ, ntutu na-eteji na mbọ,
Uzo ihu na aka,
Chills na-enweghị ahụ ọkụ, aka na ụkwụ mgbe niile oyi.

N ’anya, mgbe ụfọdụ enwere ike ịbawanye elu nke thyroid gland - mmepe nke ihe akpọrọ“ goiter ”,“ ọrịa na-egbu egbu ”na-egosi, ihe ịrịba ama ndị a agaghị agbaghara.

Ọria malitere na usoro atọ: latent, gosipụtara na mgbagwoju anya. Achọpụtaghị ọkwa nke mbụ n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ọ bụ ihe a ga-ele anya tupu ọrịa ahụ amalite, mgbe mmadụ enweelarị ahụ erughị ala, mana onweghi ihe kpatara ịchoputa ọrịa, ihe ịrịba ama ahụ adịghị oke oke, ọ chọghịkwa ọgwụgwọ.

A na-ebelata mmetụta na-adịghị mma na njiri mara ya na enweghị obi ụtọ na obi erughị ala ugboro ugboro na ụmụ nwanyị, enweghi ikike ncheta yana arụmọrụ.

A na-akpọkwa hypothyroidism gosipụtara n’ezi ọgwụ. Enwere uzo abuo:

A na-ekwukarị mgbaàmà ya n'ụdị decompensated.

Ọrịa hypothyroidism dịkarịsịrị ụkọ n'oge anyị, dịka iwu, ya na ụdị ọrịa a, akụkụ ahụ mmadụ dị oke njọ na-ata ahụhụ, nnukwu obi na -akwụsị, nlọghachi azụ nke ọgụgụ isi (cretinism), na polyserositis.

Zọ nyocha

N'ihi onyunyo adabako nke ọrịa na ọnụọgụ nke mgbaàmà na-mara njiri mara nke pathologies nke akụkụ ndị ọzọ, ọ bụ nnọọ ike ịchọpụta ọrịa ọbụna n'ụlọ ọgwụ ọgbara ọhụrụ.

Ọ dị mkpa ịghara ịgbagha hypothyroidism na nsị nke hormonal ndị ọzọ na-ebute Rickets, ọrịa Hirschsprung, nlọghachi azụlite, chondrodystrophy, ọrịa ọ bụla nwere mgbaàmà yiri ya.

Iji lelee ọkwa homonụ thyroid, a na-eme nnwale ọbara sitere na akwara. Ọ bụrụ na a na-ebelata ọkwa nke triiodothyronine na thyroxine, yana homonụ na-akpali akpali na-ebelata ma ọ bụ na-abawanye, mmepe nke ọrịa ahụ nwere ike iche.

Iji kwado nchoputa a, a na-eme onyoonyo nke akwara ghari, nke na-enyere aka ich ota mgbanwe ngbanwe nke akwara na ot and ue si kwadoo ya, na ihe mm u o.

Iji merie site na ọrịa ahụ, a chọrọ ọgwụgwọ siri ike. Nke mbu, ekwesiri iweghachi ọrụ nke thyroid gland - a na-enye ọgwụ ọgwụ homonụ maka ebumnuche a, emesia akara ngosi ya belata.

Dịka iwu, ndị a bụ ndị nọchiri mkpụrụ ọgwụ homonụ. Na usoro mmadụ, dabere n'afọ, atụmatụ na ụdị ọrịa onye ọrịa, ahọpụtara ọgwụ na ọgwụgwọ, ihe bụ onye isi na-arụ ọrụ bụ sodium levothyroxni.

N’akụkụ, a na-ekwenyekarị iodotherapy ma ọ bụrụ na o nwere ụkọ nke ihe a. A na-edozi nri ahụ ma dekwa ọgwụ ndị kwesịrị ekwesị. Oge ndị dọkịta ga-emekịrị nhọpụta nile ahụ nyochachara nsonaazụ nyocha nke na-akwado erughi iodine.

Nsogbu na nsonaazụ nwere ike ime

Hypothyroidism bụ ọrịa dị egwu ma dị ize ndụ, ileghara anya nke nwere ike ibute nnukwu nsogbu ruo ọnwụ. A ga-emerịrị ọgwụgwọ n'okpuru nlekọta nke dọkịta, yana nyocha mgbe niile gbasara ọkwa nke homonụ thyroid na ihe ndị ọzọ na-egosi. Ọbụlagodi n'ọgwụgwọ nke ọma, ọ dị mkpa ileba anya mgbe niile site na ọkachamara.

Nsogbu kachasị dị ize ndụ bụ hypothyroid coma, nke na-apụta n'ụdị ọrịa ahụ na-achọpụtaghị n'oge. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọ na-emetụta ndị agadi, banal hypothermia, ụjọ jijiji, trauma nwere ike ịghọ ihe mkpasu iwe. Mgbe hypothyroid coma bụ njirimara:

N'etinyeghị ọgwụ ngwa ngwa, onye ọrịa ahụ nwụrụ.

Obi na arịa ọbara na-emetụta oke. Ọdịnaya cholesterol dị n'ọbara na-agbadata nke ukwuu, nkụchi obi na-etolite, ohere nke nkụchi obi na-abawanye nke ukwuu.

Nke kachasị dị ize ndụ bụ enweghị nchọpụta nchọpụta na usoro a na-achịkwaghị achịkwa site na nsị nke thyroid dysfunction na ụmụaka. Mgbu azụ, uto anụ ahụ na nke uche na mmepe - ihe ndị a niile bụ naanị isi ihe kpatara ọrịa a, ọ bụrụ na emeghị ọgwụ hormone n’oge.

Ọnọdụ bụ isi maka ọgwụgwọ ga-aga nke ọma bụ nleta dọkịta na oge mmejuputa atụmatụ ya niile. Na enweghị nsogbu, ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụ homonụ na-enye nsonaazụ dị egwu ma na-adịgide adịgide, ihe mgbaàmà ahụ anaghị ewute onye ọrịa ahụ niile, enweghị mmasị na steeti enweghị nkụda mmụọ na-apụ.

Ọ dị mma arịba ama na ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụgwọ ya n'ụdị ọrịa afọ iji bụrụ ọrịa dị oke obere. N'ime oge ndụ niile, onye ọrịa ahụ ga-a drugsụ ọgwụ ọjọọ, na-agbaso ihe oriri iji mee ka ahụ ya dị mma. Ọgwụ homonụ nke oge a enweghị ihe ọ bụla na-akpata nsonaazụ ma nye gị ohere ibute ndụ nke adịghị iche na ndị ọzọ.

Thedị enwetara nwere ike ịchekwa ọfụma ma mesịa gwọọ ya na mgbaama ya ga-akwụsị Ebe ọ bụ na e mepụtara mmepụta nke homonụ thyroid na nsị nke akụkụ ahụ ọ bụla, na-eweghachi ọrụ ya, ị nwekwara ike weghachi ike nke gland gị na-emepụta oke mkpa nke homonụ.

2 kwuru

Hypothyroidism bụ ọrịa pathologies nke na-egosipụta arụmọrụ nke azụ gland, na-egosipụta site na mbelata nke njikọta homonụ. Ebe ọ bụ na usoro nke mmeghari oge niile na iweghachi ahụ mmadụ (metabolism ike) na-adabere na mmepụta homonụ, ụkọ homonụ na-eduga na mgbochi nke usoro ọrụ metabolic niile.

Achọpụtara Pathology ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 3% nke ndị bi na, na ụdị latent na-apụta na ihe karịrị 9% nke ndị ọrịa. Ihe dị mkpa bụ ịmụ nwa, ụmụ nwanyị tozuru ogo na ndị agadi. Ọdịdị nwayọ nke hypothyroidism na-akpata ụfọdụ ihe isi ike na nchoputa, ebe isi na ịba ọcha n'anya nwere ike ikpuchi ọtụtụ ọrịa.

Gịnị bụ hypothyroidism?

Gịnị bụ ọrịa a?

Hypothyroidism thyroid nwere ọtụtụ atụmatụ, na onweghị ihe a na-ewere dị ka ọrịa dị iche. N'ezie, enwere ihe kpatara nke a, nke butere nsị thyroid. Usoro ogologo oge iji belata ihe ọ na-eme ga-abụrịrị na ịdị iche iche nke nsogbu ahụ, yana iwepụta ọrịa ndị ọzọ nke ọnọdụ ahụ ga-eweta n'ọnọdụ dị mma.

Ndabere nke hypothyroidism abụghị nsogbu anụ ahụ na akwara nke gland thyroid na mgbanwe nhazi ya, kama ọ bụ ọgba aghara na usoro nke njikọta homonụ (thyroxine, calcitonin, triiodothyronine), nke na-akpalite ọgba aghara ndị ọzọ (arụ ọrụ, organoanatomical) na akụkụ na akwara dị iche iche. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ bụghị naanị ọrụ ka a na-emebi, kamakwa usoro anatomical.

Ma ebe usoro anyị (endocrine), nke na-achịkwa ọrụ niile nke anụ ahụ n'ime site na homonụ, na-arụ ọrụ n'ụkpụrụ nke ajọ okirikiri, mfu nke ọbụna obere njikọta na-enweghị isi na ya na-egbochi ọrụ niile. Nke a na - eme hypothyroidism.

Enweghi homonụ nke ihe eji aru nke nezie akwara nke thyroid na-eme ka e nwekwuo mkpali nke njikọta homonụ na-akpali akpali, nke na-egosipụta site na mgbasawanye nke anụ ahụ gland - nodules, ma ọ bụ etuto ahụ na-emebi emebi,
N ’ndabere nke nsogbu na njikọta nke hypothalamic-pituitary homonụ - mbelata mmepụta nke homonụ na-abawanye na homonụ na-akpali mkpụrụ ndụ, prolactin synthesis na-abawanye, nke a na-egosipụta n’ọtụtụ ọrịa na akwara mammary, ngosipụta oge nile nke galactorrhea (iwere colostrum na mmiri ara ehi na ara, ma ọ bụ na ọ bụ) njikọ homonụ nke ụmụ oke.
Mbelata nke mmepụta homonụ site na glands adrenal na glands na-egosi site na mmebi ihe na protein (ntụgharị protein) na imeju, na-ebute ọgba aghara na arụmọrụ adrenal na ovaries.
Ọrụ dị ukwuu nke homonụ parathyroid na ọgba aghara na metabolism nke calcium, nke na-akpalite ịsacha ya site na anụ ahụ nke anụ ahụ, nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi nsị nke dị n'akụkụ gland thyroid (parathyroid) nke na-anaghị enye anụ ahụ nhazi zuru oke nke calcitonin hormone.

Hypothyroidism thyroid na ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike bụrụ ọrịa nweere onwe ya ma ọ bụrụ na e guzobeghị ihe kpatara mmepe ya, ma ọ bụ mgbe enwere ọkwa zuru oke nke njikọta homonụ, ụlọ ọrụ njiri mara ọrịa ahụ. N'okwu ndị a, a na-achọpụta ya dị ka ụdị idiopathic (nweere onwe ya). Mana enwere nkọwa maka nke a. Ọnọdụ yiri nke ahụ na-emegide ihe ndabere nke homonụ na-adịghị ahụkebe (protein atọ nwere), ma ọ bụ mgbasa ngwa ngwa ha na plasma.

Usoro Autoimmune nke na - ebute na ọrịa na - efe efe nke ukwuu, mmerụ ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya, ọnya ọkụ ma ọ bụ megide ndabere nke ọrịa akwara na - akpata mkpasu iwe.

Nke a pụtara na enwere homonụ zuru ezu na ọbara na-ekesa, mana ọgụ ha na-egbochi.

Ihe ịrịba ama mbụ nke hypothyroidism

Mgbu, ujo, ebelata aru nke aru ...

N'itolite nwayọ, hypothyroidism ruo ọtụtụ afọ nwere ike ọ gaghị apụta ma ọlị. Ya mere, o siri ike ịchọpụta ọrịa ozugbo. Ihe ịrịba ama nwere ike iputa na mberede ngwa ngwa. N'oge a, nsogbu ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ichegbu ụmụ nwanyị - ha na-agakwuru dọkịta na mkpesa maka imebi usoro obi, na-enwe ọgbụgbọ, oyi mgbe niile na ọnọdụ enweghị obi mgbawa.

Usoro izizi nke mmepe, ndị dọkịta nwere ike inyo enyo maka ụfọdụ njirimara nke hypothyroidism, nke gosipụtara n'ime ụmụ nwanyị:

N'oge a, agụụ na-enye onye ọrịa nsogbu oyi. Ọ na-enwe chi-oyi na ihu igwe ọ bụla na microclimate ọ bụla na ụlọ.
Mụ nwanyị na-ehi ụra n’ehihie, n’agbanyeghi na ha rahụrụ ụra n’abalị. A na-egbochi ha ma na-egbu oge. Ha amaghi ihe agwara ha ozugbo.
A na-egosipụta mbelata nke usoro usoro metabolic na anụ ahụ na nkụ na -akpọ.
Okpomọkụ nwere ike ịda rue ọkwa dị oke mkpa Ọnọdụ a, ma ya na mmụba ya, nwere ike igosipụta oge mmalite nke mmepe nke usoro pathologic ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ike nkụda mmụọ dị ike.
Oge ntachi, ọrịa obi na-ebelata (bradycardia), yana nsogbu ụjọ.

Na akara izizi nke hypothyroidism n'ime nwanyị, ekwesighi ịchọpụta ọgwụgwọ na ọgwụgwọ na "igbe dị ogologo". Naanị ọgwụgwọ oge mbụ nwere ike igbochi mmepe nke nsogbu, ọgwụ ogologo ndụ yana usoro enweghị atụgharị.

Kedu ka hypothyroidism si amalite? Aridị hypothyroidism dị iche iche

Dị ka ọ na-adị, glandia thyroid na-emepụta homonụ nke sitere na ayodiin na-esite n’ihe oriri: triiodothyronine (T3) na thyroxine (T4). Thyroxine adịghị arụ ọrụ ma na-agbanwe ghọọ triiodothyronine, nke na-ekegide sel ndị dị na ya, na-eme ka ha rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. Homonụ thyroid na-achịkwa ọtụtụ usoro:

metabolism
sisitemu obi,
arụ ọrụ nke eriri afọ,
ọrụ omumu
larịị nke na-egbochi onwe ya,
ọrụ ọgụgụ isi
mmetụta uche
onodu akpụkpọ, ntutu, mbọ.

Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mpaghara ọrụ ọ bụla nke mmadụ chọrọ itinye aka nke homonụ thyroid. N’enweghi afọ ojuju nke homonụ ndị a n’akụkụ ọ bụla, nsogbu na-adị, nke mere na hypothyroidism ji ọtụtụ ọrịa mara na o nweghị ihe gbasara ya na gland thyroid.

A na-ahazi ọrụ nke gland thyroid n'onwe ya site na ọrịị pituitary na hypothalamus: akụkụ dị na ụbụrụ. A na-eme usoro iwu site na homonụ na-akpali akpali nke mkpụrụ ndụ ọnya na-egbochi. Iskpụrụ dị mfe: na mbelata nke mmepụta nke T3 na T4, ntọhapụ nke homonụ na-akpali akpali, nke na-akpali mmepụta nke T3 na T4. N'ihi ya, na-abawanye ọdịnaya nke homonụ thyroid, mmepụta nke homonụ na-akpali akpali na-ebelata. N'ihi ya, anụ ahụ na-emekọ ihe na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ihe omume pathology n'akụkụ ọ bụla nke usoro a nwere ike ibute hypothyroidism.

Ọ bụrụ na nsogbu ahụ pụtara na gland thyroid n'onwe ya, mgbe ahụ hypothyroidism bụ nke mbụ, mana ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ pituitary ma ọ bụ hypothalamus, mgbe ahụ a na-ewere hypothyroidism dị otú ahụ dị ka nke abụọ. Na mgbakwunye, hypothyroidism nwere ike ịbụ ọrịa congenital (dịka ọmụmaatụ, na-enweghị nsogbu nke gland thyroid) ma ọ bụ enwetara (dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ewepụchara akụkụ nke gland thyroid). Dabere na ogo mgbaàmà ọrịa, hypothyroidism na-eme:

latent (subclinical). Na ọnọdụ a, enweghị ọrịa hypothyroidism, enwere ike ịchọpụta ya site na ịchọpụta ọkwa nke homonụ dị n’ọbara,
gosipụta. N'okwu a, a na-ahụ nkọwa foto gbasara ụlọ ọgwụ.

A na-akwụghachi hypothyroidism ụgwọ ma mebie. Degwọ oke ọbara nke hypothyroidism bụ hypothyroid (myxedema) coma.

Ihe ama doro anya nke hypothyroidism n’ime ụmụ nwanyị

Ọ bụrụ na ihe ịrịba ama ndị mbụ ahụ enweghị atụ, enwere ike ịhụ ya n'ọtụtụ ọrịa, mgbe ahụ, ngosipụta nke mgbaàmà pụrụ iche e ji amata hypothyroidism na-egosi agamnihu nke usoro pathology, na-egosipụtakwa onwe ya:

Okwu n'ekwughị okwu,
Ichefu echezọ na enweghi ncheta, 0
Macroglossia (ịmụba asụsụ) na alopecia (ntutu isi),
Akọrọ na ntụ ntụ-acha odo odo,
Ọkpụkpụ ume na ume mkpụmkpụ,
Enweghị nri zuru oke maka nri na oke ibu,
Ọrịa uche-uche
Uda olu ike
Ihe ịrịba ama nke anaemia na thrombophlebitis.

Ngosipụta nke ihe mgbaàmà nke mbụ na nke na - esochi na - egosi na enwere ike ịmalite mmepe nke ọrịa. Iji kọwaa ihe kpatara mgbanwe ndị dị otú a, nyocha dị site na endocrinologist na nchọpụta zuru oke dị mkpa. Karịsịa mgbe ị na-eme atụmatụ ịtụrụ ime, iji gbochie nsonaazụ ndị na-adịghị mma ugbua na usoro ịmụ nwa ebu n’afọ.

Kedu ihe pụrụ iche nke hypothyroidism nwanyị?

Na mgbakwunye na isi ihe kpatara ọrịa ahụ, gosipụtara n'ihi mmerụ metabolic, ọtụtụ ihe ịrịba ama pụtara na ụmụ nwanyị bụ ndị na-enweghị njirimara ọrịa ahụ kpamkpam na ụmụ nwoke (ma ọ bụ obere okwu).

N'ime ụmụ nwanyị, n'ọtụtụ, ụkọ na-adịghị ala ala nke homonụ thyroid - thyroxine na triiodothyronine (T4 na T3) na-emetụta oke ọrụ sistemụ ịmụ nwa:

N'ihi mbibi (inactivation na plasma) nke homonụ ndị a, a na-ebelata ọrụ ha nke ukwuu, nke na-eduga na mmụba dị ukwuu na ọkwa nke steroid homonụ (estrogens) site na nsị nke ovaries.
Mmepụta homonụ pituitary (prolactin) na-abawanye.
Ọnụọgụ homonụ nke nwoke (testosterone) na-abawanye.
Onweghi mmekpa ahu homonụ nke hypothalamus na pituitary gland (follicle-akpali na luteinizing) nke na-edozi homonụ mmekọahụ nke ụmụ nwanyị.

N'ihi “metamorphoses” ndị dị otú a, ụmụ nwanyị nwere nsogbu na nsọ nsọ - mmebi nke cyclicity ha na nnukwu ma ọ bụ obere nzuzo, ma ọ bụ na-anọghị ya kpam kpam. Ọbara afọ ga-ekwe omume. Agụụ mmekọahụ na-ebelata nke ukwuu.

Nnyocha ụlọ nyocha na akụrụngwa

Etu esi achọpụta ọrịa mebiri?

A na - eme nkwenye hypofunction nke gland thyroid na njirimara nke ihe kpatara ya na nyocha nke onye nyocha endocrinologist, ọnụnọ nke ngosipụta akọwapụtara, mkpesa onye ọrịa na nsonaazụ nyocha na akụrụngwa.

N'ime nyocha ụlọ nyocha, a na-achọpụta ọkwa nke homonụ thyroid na gland na -ekwu ahụ n’ime ọbara. Nkwenye nke hypothyroidism nwere ike ịbụ ihe ngosipụta nke homonụ nke thyroid (thyroid), na homonụ pituitary nwere ike ịnọnyere ihe ngosi ọ bụla (mụbara ma belata).
Ekpebie ọnụnọ nke autoantibodies na gland thyroid.
A na-eme ntụle biochemical. Ndi cholesterol di elu na ihe ndi ozo di ka mmanu (lipids) gosiputara na oria a gha bu oria.

Ngwá ọrụ dị iche iche gụnyere:

Anụmanụ thyroid, nke na-egosi etu ngwa ngwa iodine redio si enweta. Nbelata nke mmụba na-egosi hypothyroidism.
Ultrasound nke gland, nke na - enyere aka ịchọpụta mgbanwe mgbanwe nke ihe owuwu ya - akàrà, ka ibuwanye na nsogbu ọgba aghara ndị ọzọ.
Dabere na njiri mara, enwere ike ịme ọrịra azụmazụ bioroid ma ọ bụ scintigraphy iji wezuga ma ọ bụ kwado oncology na mmalite mmalite nke mmepe.
Ihe nlere electrocardiogram nke na-enyere aka ibute ebumnuche na ọrịa obi n’obi.
Electroencephalography, nke na - enyere aka ịchọpụta njirimara ọdịda nke psyche.

Nchọpụta dị elu na-enyere aka ịchịkọta ezigbo ebumnuche banyere ọrịa ahụ na ikpebi usoro ọgwụgwọ kachasị mma maka hypothyroidism.

Ọgwụ Hypothyroidism - Usoro ọgwụgwọ Hormone

Usoro ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ dabere na ahụike nke ihe ndị na-akpata hypothyroidism. Ọ dị nwute, nke a anaghị ekwe omume oge niile, na nsonaazụ ọma dị ụkọ. Usoro mgbagwoju anya gụnyekwara usoro ọgwụgwọ Sympoomatic maka hypothyroidism:

Nkwadebe Cardioprotective n'ụdị "Riboxin", "Preductal", "Trimetazidine", "AFT" na "Mildronate".
Site na glycosides cardiac - Digoxin, Korglikon, Strofantina.
Ihe mgbagwoju vitamin - "Neurobeks", "Aevita", "Milgama".
Ọgwụ Nootropic na ọgwụ neuroprotective iji melite ọrụ ụbụrụ.
Site na oke ọzịza, a na-enye obere onunu ogwu - "Lasix" ma ọ bụ "Furosemide."
Ọnọdụ ịda mba dị ka ọgwụ ọgwụ dịka Persena, Volokordin ma ọ bụ Corvalol na-akwụsị ọnọdụ nkụda mmụọ.

Na mgbakwunye na ọgwụ ọgwụ, ọgwụgwọ hypothyroidism na-agbakwunye site na nri a họọrọ nke ọma nke na-ewepụ ngwaahịa na nri nke nwere ike belata mmiri ọgwụ thyroid. A ga-ewepụ mkpụrụ ọka, millet, ọka na poteto dị ụtọ na nri. Belata iji galik na yabasị.

Ndị nọchiri ọgwụ thyroxine bụ ọgwụ ọgwụ - Levothyroxine, Triiodothyronine, Thyroidin, Eutirox ma ọ bụ Bagotirox. Usoro ya na usoro onunu ogwu ya di iche n'otu oge. Ajuju ajuju nke ego nke ayodiin nwere n’onwe ha.

Site na akara nke anụ ahụ, akụkụ ahụ na akwara gosipụtara iguzogide (mgbochi) nye homonụ thyroid, mkpụrụ ọgwụ hormonal abụọ (triiodothyronine na thyroxine) ma ọ bụ ụdị jikọtara ha n'ụdị “Thyrecomba”, “Tyotom-fort” ma ọ bụ “Tyotoma” ka edepụtara ndị ọrịa. . Ma ọ bụghị ya, ọgwụgwọ agaghị enye ọfụma.

N'ọnọdụ ebe ndị ọrịa nọ, n'ihi mkpa ọ dị, ọgwụgwọ radieshon ma ọ bụ mwepụ ịwa ahụ na gland thyroid, a na-eme ọgwụgwọ mmechi homonụ na ndụ niile.

Dịka ụzọ isi nọgide na-egbochi ọrịa, a na-atụzi ọgwụgwọ hypothyroidism na "ihe ọjọọ" "Endonorm", "Bi-pollen", "Garcinia", "Kelp" ma ọ bụ "Grepine". Ndị a bụ ọgwụ na-eme ka usoro metabolic dịwanye mma. Ha niile sitere na osisi, a na-enweta arụmọrụ ahụ site na usoro usoro ụzọ dị iche iche ahọpụtara.

Kedu nsogbu enwere ike ịme?

N'ime ụmụ nwanyị n'oge afọ ime, a pụrụ igosipụta ọrịa nje a na-ezighi ezi nke akụkụ ahụ nwa ahụ na ọmụmụ ya na ụzụ akwara dị ukwuu.

N’ime ụmụ nwanyị nwere hypothyroidism, ọrụ ịmụ nwa anaghị arụ ọrụ, nke na-eyi ịhapụ ịmụ nwa. Ọrịa ọgbụgba na-apụta, nke a na-egosipụta n'ọrịa nke ọrịa systemic, mmepe nke ọrịa na-efe efe ugboro ugboro na oncological pathologies.

Ihe Na-akpata Hypothyroidism

Ihe kachasị akpata hypothyroidism bụ:

autoimmune thyroiditis (ọrịa Hashimoto),
mwepụ nke akụkụ gland thyroid,
ọnya thyroid
ọgwụ ndị a na-enweta na lithium (Quilonium, Kontemnol, Litosan, Sedalit), iwebata ọgwụ dị iche iche nke ayodiin,
ụkọ nke iodine na selenium n'ihe oriri,
ịgwọ ọrịa na ayodiin iodine, irradiation nke anụ ahụ akwara,
pathology nke pituitary gland na hypothalamus (etuto ahụ, mmerụ ahụ, ọbara ọgbụgba, arụmọrụ n'akụkụ a na ndị ọzọ).

A na - eji Hypothyroidism ọtụtụ mmebi akụkụ ahụ, ya bụ, ọnụnọ nke oge nke ihe mgbaàmà na - egosi pathology nke akụkụ ahụ dị iche iche. Otu akara nke hypothyroidism bụ ihe efu mgbe niile, nke na-agbagha nchọpụta nke ọnọdụ a. Otu onye ọrịa agaghị enwecha ihe niile akara n'otu oge. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-adịkarị, ebe ndị ọzọ na-anọzi n'ụdị kpochapụrụ, ma ọ bụ na ha adịghịdị ma ọlị. Ogo nke mgbaàmà mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-agbanwe, mgbe ụfọdụ, ha na-ehie ụzọ maka ngosipụta nke mgbanwe agịga n'ahụ (ebe hypothyroidism bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị ka afọ 55-60).

Isi ihe kpatara hypothyroidism bụ:

ọrịa asthenic. Ndị ọrịa nwere hypothyroidism na-enwe nchegbu banyere adịghị ike n'ozuzu ha, ike ọgwụgwụ, ike ọgwụgwụ, ma ọ bụ mmetụta nke ike ọgwụgwụ mgbe niile. Ebe nchekwa na-ebelata, ọsọ nke usoro echiche, arụmọrụ na-ebelata. A na-ahụta imerụ ụjọ ọbụladị na ha hiri ụra kwa ụbọchị. Mmasị na ndụ na-efu, nkụda mmụọ na enweghị mmasị n'ihe ọ bụla na-eme na-etolite. Otutu oge enwere otutu obi uto na aru nile: irighari, onu ogugu, ntamu, oku, na ihe ndi ozo. Isi ọwụwa, akwara na mgbu mgbu nwere ike inye nsogbu
metabolic trophic ọrịa. Nke mbu, obu akpukpo aru (mgbe ufodu ya na oria), nza ya (karie ihu na akuku akuku nke akuku, nke n’eme ka iru mmadu puta ihe n’ile, onye mere ka m teta mgbe oke ura bu ihe ubochi n’iru), imeju na irighiri ntutu. Ọkpụ aka na-adị gịrịgịrị, na-efesi ike, na-enwe ntụgharị ma ọ bụ nke dị ogologo. Ndị ọrịa dị otú a na-ebu oke ibu, n'agbanyeghị na ha nwere ike iri ntakịrị ntakịrị. Nke a bụ n'ihi njigide mmiri dị ukwuu n'ahụ yana mbelata nke usoro metabolic. Ndị ọrịa nwere hypothyroidism na-ajụkarị oyi, ọbụlagodi n'oge oge ọkụ, a na-anabataghị ntu oyi na-adịghị mma. Okpomoku di elu kariri 36.6 Celsius C,
ọzịza nke anụ ahụ. Na mgbakwunye na njupụta ihu na aka, yana hypothyroidism olu na - agbakarị ụda n'ihi ọria akwara, imi iku ume na - agbakasị (ọ na - esikwa ike ma na - eme mkpọtụ) n'ihi mucosa ọrịre, ntị na - ebelata (n'ihi ọzịza nke auditory tube na ntị nke etiti), egbugbere ọnụ na - agbaze, akara mkpịsị aka na-adịgide n’ire, ikwu okwu na-adalata ntakịrị (n'ihi nwayọ nke ire na-aza). Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, ọtụtụ n'ime mgbaàmà ndị ahụ yiri ka ọ na-emetụta usoro ebumpụta ụwa nke ịka nká, ya mere, ha anaghị ele ya anya dị ka ọrịa, ma ọ bụ onye ọrịa n'onwe ya ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ.
mbelata nke ọnya obi (bradycardia) na mbelata ọbara mgbali elu (hypotension). Mgbe ị na-enyocha ndị ọrịa dị otú ahụ, ọbara mgbali systolic (“nke dị elu”) na-adịkarị ala ma ọ bụ nke nkịtị, yana diastolic (“ala”) dị elu. Ihe eji mara ECG bu ihe a na-akpọ voltaji dị ala (njupụta nke ezé niile dị ala), ebili mmiri T na-adịghị mma. Enwere ike ịgbachapụ mmiri n'etiti membranes nke obi. N'okwu a, pericarditis malitere. Ngosiputa oge nke hypothyroidism bu obi dara oke na ume iku ume na ihe mgbu n'obi.
nsogbu na eriri afọ. Motility nke afọ na eriri afọ na hypothyroidism na-akwụsịlata, nri na-egbu oge ogologo oge na ngalaba ọ bụla, nke na-eduga na ntanetị nke afọ, na-egbu mmụọ, agụụ, nri afọ, afọ ntachi, ọgbụgbọ. Ọ ga-ekwe omume ịbawanye oke nke imeju (ịba ọcha n'anya) n'ihi njigide mmiri na njikọta nke akwara, ihe omume biliary dyskinesia dịka ụdị hypotonic si dị,
nsogbu na gonads. Ofrụ ọrụ nke glandị na-arụ ọrụ nwere njikọ chiri anya na nzuzo nke homonụ nke mmekọahụ. Site na hypothyroidism na ụmụ nwanyị, usoro nsọ nwanyị na - akpaghasị ruo mgbe enweghị nsọ zuru oke, a na - achọpụta ọbara ọbara nke uterine mgbe ụfọdụ, enwere ike ịtụrụ ime dị nso na efu. Ikekwe zoro ezo site na ara mammary dịka ụdị nke ara, mmepe nke mastopathy. Mmekọahụ na-akụ belata
anaemia Ma ọnụ ọgụgụ mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara uhie yana ọdịnaya haemoglobin na-ebelata
ụba cholesterol na mmalite vaskụla atherosclerosis,
ihe na-ebute oria ugboro ugboro n'ihi mbelata nke mgbochi.

Nsogbu kachasị njọ nke hypothyroidism bụ hypothyroid (myxedema) coma. Ọ nwere ike ịmalite ma ọ bụrụ na agwọghị hypothyroidism, ma ọ bụ n'ọnọdụ dị oke elu. A na-akpasu iwe nke Myxedema coma site na ịba ụba maka ahụ, mgbe mkpokọta ndị agha dị mkpa. Ọ nwere ike ibute ọrịa na-efe efe, nchekasị nke mmetụta uche, hypothermia, ị antiụ ọgwụ mgbochi na mgbochi azụ, ahụmaja anụ ahụ, ịwa ahụ, egbu egbu nri, na ihe ndị ọzọ.

Hypothyroid coma na-amalite nke nta nke nta. Mgbe ọ mere, ihe mgbaàmà niile nke hypothyroidism na-akawanye njọ: nsụhọ site na ida ụra ruo coma na-ada mbà, obi obi na-ada mba, iku ume na-agwụ ike, ọbara mgbali na-agbadata karịa, ọnọdụ ahụ na-agbadata ruo 35 Celsius C na-agbadata, ahụ na-ebelata, mmamịrị na-ebelata, na-egbochi umeji na-amalite, enwere ọgbụgba n'ime oghere, nsogbu na afọ na -ebilata afọ, ọbara glucose na ọbara na-ebelata, ntutu dị n'isi na nkedo. Site na mmụba dị egwu nke iku ume na ọrịa obi na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ zuru oke, onye ọrịa ahụ nwere ike ịnwụ. Ọnwụ na hypothyroid coma ruru 80%.

Diagnostics

Nchoputa nke hypothyroidism di nfe. Ihe kachasị mkpa bụ iche na ọnụnọ ya, na-eburu n'uche mgbaama niile nke onye ọrịa na njikọta. Mgbe ụfọdụ, anaghị atụle ngosipụta hypothyroidism n'otu, nke na-eduga n'inyocha nchọpụta oge.

Mainzọ nchọpụta isi, ma ọ bụ nkwenye, hypothyroidism bụ nyocha ọbara maka ọdịnaya nke homonụ thyroid. Ọ dị mkpa iji chọpụta ọdịnaya nke homonụ na-akwalite homonụ (TSH), thyroxine (T4) na triiodothyronine (T3). Na hypothyroidism, enwere ike ibuli ọkwa TSH elu, belata, ma ọ bụ ọbụna nkịtị, mana a na-ebelata ọkwa T3 na T4.

Diagnozọ nyocha ọ bụla maka hypothyroidism (ultrasound nke thyroid gland, mkpebi nke ọkwa autoantibodies na thyroid anụ ahụ, scintigraphy thyroid, magnetic resonance imaging nke ụbụrụ, wdg) adịghị ebumnuche iji gosipụta ọnụnọ hypothyroidism, mana ịchọta ihe kpatara ya, nke ahụ bụ, ọrịa ahụ. ediyarade emi enye edide.

Mainzọ kachasị mma iji gwọọ hypothyroidism taa bụ ọgwụgwọ nnọchi na homonụ thyroid na-akpụ akpụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-eji Levothyroxine (L-thyroxine, Eutirox) eme ihe maka nzube a. A na-ahọrọ dose ahụ n'otu n'otu maka onye ọrịa ọ bụla (a na-edenyekarị ya na usoro ịba ụba ruo mgbe a na-aha ọkwa nke hormone ọbara). Usoro opekempe nke ọgwụ a bụ 12.5 mcg. Ekwesịrị iburu Levothyroxine n'ụtụtụ minit 20-30 tupu nri.

A na-ekpebi oge ọgwụ a ga-ekpebi n'otu n'otu ma dabere na-akpata hypothyroidism. Yabụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, yana ọrịa thyroiditis autoimmune, a na-enye ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ maka ndụ, yana hypothyroidism n'ihi iji ọgwụ ụfọdụ, ruo mgbe ọkwa nke homonụ thyroid na ọbara na-ahazi. Mgbe ụfọdụ, iji wee nwee ike homonụ dị n'ọbara, ọ dị mkpa iji Levothyroxine were ọtụtụ ọnwa (nke a bụ eziokwu bụ maka ndị ọrịa agadi). Site na ojiji nke Levothyroxine mgbe nile, ọ dị mkpa ka oge ụfọdụ iji lee ule maka ọdịnaya nke TSH, T3 na T4 iji dozie usoro ahụ.

Ọ bụrụ na ihe kpatara hypothyroidism bụ ụkọ iodine n'ụdị nri, mgbe ahụ mmụba nke oriri ya (nnu iodized), yana oge ụfọdụ nchịkwa ya n'ụdị ọgwụ ọjọọ n'emeghị ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị, nwere ike itinye aka na mgbake.

Otutu mgbaàmà hypothyroidism na-agbagha kpamkpam, isi ihe abụghị ịmalite ọrịa ahụ ọ bụghị ịgwọ onwe ya. Ikwesighi itu egwu igba ogwu n’anu. Site na usoro ịhọrọ nke ọma, ọ nwere ike ọghọm ya, ogo ndụ na-akawanye nke ọma. Youkwesighi imebelata ego na afọ: na afọ 70-80 nwere ahụ ike ga-eju afọ!

Ya mere, hypothyroidism nwere ike ịbụ nsonaazụ nke usoro ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche na ahụ mmadụ. Ihe mgbaàmà nke ọnọdụ a dị ọtụtụ ma akọwapụtaghị ya. Nchọpụta ọrịa hypothyroidism esighị ike, ihe kachasị mkpa bụ iche na ọnụnọ ya dị. Isi ihe omume a na-elekwasị anya bụ ọgwụgwọ mmegharị homonụ, nke na-enye gị ohere ịlaghachi onye ọrịa ahụ na ndụ zuru oke.

Ọkachamara ọkachamara na ụlọ ọgwụ Siena-Med na-ekwu maka hypothyroidism:

Mkpụrụ ọgwụ Symptomatic na nke na-akwado, vitamin

A na-eji usoro ọgwụgwọ Symptomatic mee ka ọ nwee mgbanwe nke anụ ahụ na akwara n'ihi enweghị homonụ dị mkpa.

Etu esi agwọ hypothyroidism thyroid na ụmụ nwanyị? Nwere ike ekenye:

ụbụrụ na - arụ ọrụ ụbụrụ
Ọkpụkpụ obi glycosides,
cardioprotector
mmekọahụ homonụ njikere,
ọgwụ mgbochi vitamin.

Dọkịta na-enyocha izi ezi nke adjuvant ọ bụla. Ọ na-ekpebi ma usoro ọgwụgwọ, usoro onunu ogwu, ma ọ bụ usoro onodu kwesiri ekwesi nye onye ọrịa.

Klọ ọgwụ ndị na-ewu ewu

A na-enweta ego sitere na ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ mba mgbe emechara dọkịta gị.

You nwere ike gwakọta ọtụtụ mkpá akwụkwọ otu oge, na-agbanwe ihe mejupụtara.

A na-ejikarị ya Mkpụrụ osisi chokeberry, akwukwo ukpa, nkpuru osisi pine, nkpuru osisi maral, alder ogbugbo, nkpuru osisi juniper, nkpuru osisi chamomile ma obu calendula, St John wort, nkpuru flax, horsetail ubi, rose, chicory, dandelion na licorice root, lingonberry.

Mgbochi na ịgwọ ọrịa hypothyroidism na ọgwụgwọ ndị mmadụ:

Oriri na-edozi, nri

Nwanyị kwesịrị ịhazi ihe oriri - juju nri ahụ na nri protein, belata abụba na carbohydrates dị na ya.

Mmetụta dị mma bụ nri nri nwere ayodiin.: kranberị, nri mmiri, strawberries, bred, anụ a ghere eghe, wdg.

Ọ bụghị otu nri nwere ike ịgwọ hypothyroidism, mana ezigbo nri ga-akwụsịlata ọrịa ụfọdụ: oke ibu, ihe na-egbu egbu, na-eme ka metabolism dịghachi, na-eweghachi nri anụ ahụ.

Na-akwalite ihe ndị edepụtara chọrọ okpokoro ọgwụgwọ Nke 10c dika Pevzner kwuru.

Nri nwere ike iso n’ime achịcha ụnyaahụ, bisikiiki a mịrị amị, sausaji, obere azụ, anụ a mịrị amị, mmiri ara ehi skim, ọka, salads, mkpụrụ osisi (na-emesi ike na kiwi, persimmon, feijoa), nri azu, na kọfị kọfị ma ọ bụ tii nwere mmiri ara ehi.

Amachibidoro ihe oriri soy, ebe ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị mejupụtara ya na-ebelata ọrụ nke glandị thyroid, akwụkwọ nri ndị na-egbu egbu maka otu ihe ahụ, mmiri pọmpụ na-enweghị nri, nri ya na abụba anụmanụ na kọlestọrol, nri carbohydrates na-etolite etolite n'ụzọ dị mfe.

Otu esi emeso ụmụaka na okenye, oge oge

Womenmụ nwanyị na-eto eto na etiti enwere ike ịmalite ọgwụgwọ site na ị Lụ ọgwụ L-thyroxine na 25 mgk kwa ụbọchị.

Maka ndị agadi usoro ọgwụgwọ na-amalite site na ngụkọta nke 12.5 mgk kwa ụbọchị, nke na-abawanye site na 12.5 mgk kwa ụbọchị 10-14, a na-ede ụfọdụ ihe na-erughị 1 mgk / kg kwa ụbọchị.

Ebe ọ bụ na ịgwọ ọrịa na homonụ thyroid na-emetụta ọnọdụ nke obi, arịa ọbara, sistemụ akwara dị n’etiti, mgbe ị na-ahọrọ usoro onunu ogwu yana mmụba ya na-esote, ndị okenye na-amalite ime mkpesa banyere ọdịdị nke mgbaàmà na-adịghị mma.

Mgbe ahụ, a ga-akwụsị ọgwụ ahụ. Ọrịa ahụ anaghị agwọ kpamkpam, mgbe nyochachara nchọpụta ahụ, ọgwụgwọ ahụ na-aghọ ndụ ogologo.

Nsonaazụ puru iche, amụma

Mụ nwanyị kwesịrị ịghọta na na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ nnọchi homonụ, nsonaazụ ọ ga-ekwe omume:

na-ebelata ikike mgbochi,
nsogbu obi
ike hypotension,
ikike belata,
nsogbu nwoke
atrophy nke mammary glands, ovaries, akụkụ nke akụkụ ahụ,
mbelata nke ukwuu na homonụ, na-eduga na hypothyroid coma.

Site na ị regularụ ọgwụ ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ maka ya mgbe niile, enwere ike ịchịkwa ihe mgbaàmà ahụ ma dịrị ndụ na-enweghị ịgbalite ya na ndụ gị niile.

Ọ bụrụ na hormone nke anti-Muller dị elu n’ime ụmụ nwanyị, gịnị ka ọ pụtara? Mụtakwuo n’akwụkwọ a.

Banyere ihe enwere ike ịchọta bilirubin n'ọbara nke ụmụ nwanyị dị ime na edemede anyị.

Ihe mgbochi

Nwaanyị ọ bụla kwesịrị ịgbaso iwu dị mfe:

Gbalịa iri nri bara ụba na vitamin, mineral, ọkachasị ayodiin,
ekwela ka ọrịa nke ụbụrụ, gland thyroid,
erila ọgwụ n’enweghị ọgwụ dọkịta,
a notụla anwụrụ, n'ihi na nke a bụ ihe na-akpatakarị etuto na akpịrị,
na offseason, na-elekọta ndị nnọchianya n'ozuzu.

Nwanyị kwesịrị ịenta ntị na ahụike ya, ma mgbe ọ na - etolite ọnọdụ onypical ma ọ bụ ihe mgbaàmà na - enyo enyo, gakwuru onye ọrịa endocrinologist ozugbo.