Ọrụ ndu cholesterol

Cholesterol bụ mmanya na-egbu cyclic cyclic, nke na-eme ngwa ngwa cholesterides na anụ ahụ. Ọ na-abanye ahụ mmadụ dị ka akụkụ nke nri ma na-agwakọta ya na imeju, obere eriri afọ na anụ ahụ.

Ọrụ ndu cholesterol:

1. Ọdịdị. Cholesterol efu bụ ihe dị n’ime mejupụtara sel.

2. Metabolic. Cholesterol bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ n’ụzọ ndu: vitamin D3, homonụ nke STEROID (ANDROGENS, ESTROGENS, CORTICOIDS) N’ime oge cholesterol n’ime imeju na ntinye CYTOCHROME R-450, a na -ebe acid bile. Na ụdị ya, cholesterol na - ebugharị ahụ n'ahụ na - eji ọbara ebugharị LIPOPROTEINS. Isi mmalite nke cholesterol:

1. Nri. Maka otu ụbọchị, 0.3 g. cholesterol.

2. N'ime ụmụ mmadụ, na nkezi, ha na-eme mkpokọta 65-70 n'arọ kwa ụbọchị, 3.5 -4.2 g bụ nke mejupụtara. cholesterol. Imeju nwere ọrụ dị ukwuu na njikọta cholesterol Ọ bụrụ na emebi imeju ya na eriri afọ ya, etolite ma mekwaa mbufe ọbara LP. N'ihi mmerụ nke imeju na ọnya biliary, ịkpụzi ma ewepu acid a na - etinye aka na mgbaze nke abụba nri. N'ihe banyere imebi ihe nke bile, a na-ejupụta ya na kọlestrọl, nke na-eduga n'ịbebe okwute cholesterol. Ọrịa gallstone na-amalite. Achọpụtara Hypercholesterolemia n'ime ọbara.

1. Nmepụta acetoacetyl-CoA site na molekoliki abuo nke acetyl-CoA site na iji thiolase enzyme acetoacetyltransferase.

2. Ntughari nke β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA site na acetoacetyl-CoA nwere ihe acetyl-CoA nke ato site na iji hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase.

3. Nhazi nke mevalonate site na mbelata nke HMG na mkpochapu nke HS-KoA site na iji NADP-based hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase.

4. mevalonic acid na phosphorylated ugboro abụọ na ATP: ruo 5-phosphomevalonate, wee ruo 5-pyrophosphomevalonate.

5.5-pyrophosphomevalonate bụ phosphorylated na atọ carbon atọm, na-akpụ - 3-phospho-5-pyrophosphomevalonate.

6. Nke nke a bụ decarboxylated na dephosphorylated, isopentenyl pyrophosphate etolite.

7. Mgbe usoro mmeghachi nke usoro na-esochi, etolite squalene.

8. Ka emechara usoro mmeghachi omume, etolite lanosterol.

9.Lanosterol amaba n’ime cholesterol di nma n’ime membranes nke ezigbo endoplasmic reticulum

Hormones nke thyroid gland, adrenal glands, na gonads nwere hyperfunction na-abawanye ihe nzuzo cholesterol, na hypofunction ha na-eme ka mmebi ya dajụọ. Ekwela nke kọlestrọl ahụ na-eji ya. A na-agbanwe ngwaahịa ire ere ka ọ na -eme bile acid wee banye n'ime eriri afọ.