Cholesterol dị mma na nke dị mma n’oche ọbara
Cholesterol nwere ike ịdị iche. Otu na-echebe anụ ahụ ahụ na mmepe nke atherosclerosis, nke ọzọ na-enye aka na ịhe akwa cholesterol. Mgbe etinye uche ha na ọbara ziri ezi, mmadụ na-agbasi ike, obi na-adịkwa ya mma. Isiokwu ahụ ga-eleba anya n'ụkpụrụ cholesterol dị mma na nke jọrọ njọ, ọrụ nke akụkụ nke ọ bụla na nsonaazụ nke ịkpaghasị nguzozi ha.
Ofkpụrụ nke ikesa cholesterol ka ọ dị mma (HDL) na ihe ọjọọ (LDL)
Abụba na-abanye na ngba nri ma ọ bụ enzymes pancreatic nke dị na obere eriri afọ na-agbaji. N’ụdị a, ha na-abanye n’ime ọbara. Ma abụba anaghị agwakọta na mmiri ọ andụ andụ ha enweghị ike ịgagharị n'ọbara ọbara n'enweghị nsogbu. Na mgbakwunye, a gha enyefe ha na imeju. Ọ bụ ebe ahụ ka mgbanwe nke triglycerides n'ime kọlestrọl na-apụta. Naanị n’ụdị ya bụ mkpụrụ ndụ na - amị mkpụrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ, nke ha ji mere ya dị ka ihe eji arụ ụlọ na ike.
Ozugbo abụba gbajuru ma banye n'ọbara ọbara, ha na-agwakọta na protein. A na-etolite ogige ụgbọ njem - lipoproteins. Ndị a bụ akpa nwere ụmụ irighiri abụba, n’elu ha bụ protein - ndị na-anabata ihe. Ha na-ahụ anya mkpụrụ ndụ imeju. Nke a na-enye ha ohere iwere abụba na ebe ha na-aga. N’otu ụdị ahụ, mkpụrụ ndụ ọ bụla dị n’arụ ọbara na-ebuga ya imeju.
Lipoproteins ndị a “dị mma”, a na-akpọkwa ha cholesterol dị mma. Emebere ya dika HDL (akwa npoproteins dị elu).
Enwere LDL na VLDL (lipoproteins dị ala na nke dị ala) - cholesterol "ọjọọ". Ndị a bụ otu akpa ahụ molekul nwere abụba, mana ndị na-anabata protein anaghị anọkarị. Ebumnuche nke nhọpụta lipoproteins dị ala na nke dị ala bụ ihe ọzọ - anụ ahụ. Ha na-ebu cholesterol, nke imeju na-amịpụta n’ahụ niile.
Ọ bụrụ na n'ihi ihe ụfọdụ, ọdịnaya nke 'lipoproteins dị njọ' na-abawanye, ha na-edobe na mgbidi nke mebiri emebi nke arịa ọbara. Atdị ncheta atherosclerotic.
Mgbe arịa ahụ mebiri emebi, microcracks na ọnya na-etolite na epithelium ya. Poolet na-esochi “ihe mebiri emebi” ma mepụta uwe. Ọ na-akwụsị ọbara ọgbụgba. Uwe a nwere ụgwọ dị ka LDL, yabụ na ha na-adọta ibe ha. Ka oge na-aga, ihe ncheta ahụ siri ike, mebie ụgbọ ahụ ọzọ ma mebie ọsọ ọsọ ọbara na-agba. Yabụ, LDL na VLDL “jọrọ njọ”.
Mgbapụ nke LDL na VLDL (cholesterol "ọjọọ") na mgbidi nke arịa ọbara, na -emechi lumen ha.
Mgbe arịa ahụ dị warara oke, ọbara siri ike ịbanye na ya. Ọbara ọbara na-akwụsịlata. Obi malitere ịrụ ọrụ na ike dị ukwuu iji kwụọ ụgwọ enweghị ọsọ site na nrụgide dị ukwuu. N'ihi ya, ọbara mgbali elu na ọnụọgụ ọrịa na - ebulite akwara nke obi. Ọkpụkpụ obi na-etolite n'ihe gbasara ọrịa myocardial infarction.
Nsonaazụ ọzọ dị ize ndụ - ọbara nwere ike ịpụ ma banye n'ọbara. N’ime oghere ọbara, ọ nwere ike ịkwụsi ike. Na 82%, nke a bụ ọnwụ mberede site na ọrịa strok (ọ bụrụ na eriri ọbara na-abanye na ụbụrụ) ma ọ bụ site na nkụchi obi (ọ bụrụ na ọ banye n'obi).
Nyocha ọbara cholesterol dị mma na nke ọjọọ
Ọbara na-eme ka ihe niile mejupụtara ya sie ike, mejupụtakwa ihe ndị mejupụtara ya. A na-ekpebi ụkpụrụ cholesterol maka afọ ọ bụla iche, ha dịgasị iche site na nwoke. Needmụ nwanyị chọkwuru ya, cholesterol bụ ihe ndabere maka njikọ nke estrogen.
Mgbe 40 gasịrị, ihe na-egosi Lipoproteins “ọjọọ” na-ebelata, ka metabolism na-agbadata. Cholesterol “dị mma” na-etolite iji bute abụba na-ebufe oge ya na imeju maka imegharị ya.
Nwoke | LDL ịta ahụhụ, mol/ l | Ntinye HDL, mol/ l |
Ruo 14 | 1,63–3,34 | 0,79-1,68 |
15-19 | 1,61-3,37 | 0,78-1,68 |
20-29 | 1,71-4,27 | 0,78-1,81 |
30-39 | 2,02-4,45 | 0,78-1,81 |
40 na ndi ozo | 2,25-5,34 | 0,78-1,81 |
Afọ nwanyị | LDL ịta ahụhụ, mol/ l | Ntinye HDL, mol/ l |
Ruo 14 | 1,77-3,54 | 0,79-1,68 |
15-19 | 1,56-3,59 | 0,79-1,81 |
20-29 | 1,49-4,27 | 0,79-1,94 |
30-39 | 1,82-4,46 | 0,78-2,07 |
40 na ndi ozo | 1,93-5,35 | 0,78-2,20 |
Banyere lipoproteins
Ọdịdị dị iche iche nke lipoproteins bụ:
- protein, cholesterol na phospholipids ndị dị na mpekere mpụta nke mpụga,
- triglycerides, cholesterol esters, oke abụba abụba, vitamin - na-eme ihe bụ isi.
A na-ekepụta Lipoproteins site na njupụta, nke a na-ekpebi site na njikọta ọnụọgụ nke protein na lipids. Obere protein dị n’otu n’ime ihe na -emeju abụba karịa, belata ogo ya. N'okwu a, lipoproteins niile nwere otu ihe mejupụtara ya na kemịkalụ.
Nnukwu njupụta (HDL) | Njupụta dị ala (LDL) | Inwe nnukwu njupụta (VLDL) | Chylomicrons (XM) | |
apoprotein | 50% | 25% | 10% | 2% |
triglycerides | 5% | 10% | 60% | 90% |
cholesterol | 20% | 55% | 15% | 5% |
lipids ndị ọzọ | 25% | 10% | 15% | 3% |
Ọrụ bụ isi nke chylomicrons bụ ibu nke nje egbugbu (abụba nri) site na nri ọbara site na nri diges na imeju. Mkpụrụ ndụ ihe dị ala dị ala dị ala dịkwa ala na-ejide cholesterol endogenous nke etolite na hepatocytes, yana ọbara, na-ebuga ya na anụ ahụ na akụkụ ahụ.
Nnukwu protein dị ukwuu na-ahụ maka inyefe cholesterol n'efu na mkpụrụ ndụ akwara, wee si otú a na-asachapụ arịa ndị bara ụba. Mgbe ogo nke LDL (cholesterol ọjọọ) mụbara, akụkụ nke abụba ebufegoro 'na-efu n'okporo ụzọ' ma nọgide na arịa.
Ọrụ nke okpukpu ime nke mgbidi vaskụla, endothelium (ma ọ bụ intima) bụ ichebe akwara site na nsonaazụ nke ihe ọbara. Maka mbibi nke endothelium, a na - achịkọta platelet (sel ọbara dị maka coagulation) iji weghachi mgbidi arịa ahụ, ma tinye uche na mpaghara ahụ mebiri emebi. N’inwe ya n ’LDL, platelet na-adọta abụba.
Ya mere, ana-eto uto, nke na-agabiga ike na oge, na-agbanwe ịghọ okwute cholesterol. Ihe siri ike n’ime ụgbọ ahụ na-eme ka ọbara na-ekesa n'ụzọ dị ukwuu. N'ihi ya, ụbụrụ anaghị enweta nri nri kwesịrị ekwesị, a na-enye oxygen ikuku oxygen.
Enwere iyi egwu nke nkụchi obi na ọrịa strok. Mbibi na nnukwu mbibi nke arịa ahụ na-akpata nicotine ahụ riri ahụ, mmanya na-egbu egbu, ọrịa ndị metụtara ọrịa metabolic, ọgwụ ọjọọ, nke na-agbanwe ihe mejupụtara ọbara, ị intoụbiga mmanya ókè.
Nyocha ọbara maka cholesterol
A na-ejikarị microscopy ọbara maka cholesterol dị ka akụkụ nke nyocha ọbara sitere na biochemical. Dabere na njirimara ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu, enwere ike ịkọwa ọgwụ cholesterol iche iche. Ihe ngosiputa maka lipidogram (nyocha zuru ezu maka cholesterol) nwere ike ibu:
- nwekwuru BMI (ihe nchikota aru), ma oburu ibu,
- ọrịa nke obi, arịa ọbara, usoro endocrine,
- akụkọ banyere nkụchi obi na ọrịa strok,
- omume ojoo
- symptomatic mkpesa nke onye ọrịa.
A na-enyocha ọbara maka ihe dị n'ime microsikalikiiki na nyocha ahụike na nyocha ọkachamara. A na-amịrị ọbara n'ụlọ ọgwụ. Maka ntụle, ọ dị mkpa ịnara ọbara nke onye ọrịa si na afọ efu. Tupu usoro nyocha, onye ọrịa ga-emerịrị:
- kpochapu ihe oriri riri nne, nri eghe, ihe ọ beụ alcoụ na-egbu egbu ụbọchị 2-3 tupu nyocha site na nri,
- na-ebu ọnụ, opekata mpe awa asatọ,
- jụ ọzụzụ egwuregwu na mmega ahụ ndị ọzọ na mgbede nke usoro ahụ.
Profaịlụ lipid gbakwunyere cholesterol zuru oke, LDL na HDL iche, triglycerides (usoro nke glycerol na abụba abụba nke akụkụ nke VLDL), ọnụọgụ atherogenicity (CA). Na nyocha ihe omimi, ihe dị iche na nkọwa zuru ezu, enwere ike egosighi ugboelu.
Refere ụkpụrụ
Ọnụ ọgụgụ cholesterol zuru oke (OH) na lipoproteins gụnyere na ihe mejupụtara ya dabere na ogo afọ na okike. N'ime ụmụ nwanyị, ụkpụrụ ntụnye dị elu karịa nke ụmụ nwoke. Nke a bụ n'ihi na iko nke cholesterol na mmepụta nke progesterone na estrogen (homonụ nwoke na nwanyị), na ihe ebumpụta ụwa nke ahụ nwanyị bụ ịchekwa abụba maka ịmụrụ nwa zuru oke.
A kọwara ntakịrị ihe na cholesterol mgbe afọ 60 gasịrị site na nkwụsịlata afọ metụtara usoro metabolic, yana mbelata nke mmega ahụ. A na-akpọ ọkwa OX dị ala akpọrọ hypocholesterolemia, ọkwa mụbara bụ hypercholesterolemia. Ngalaba ụlọ nyocha ahụ bụ mmol / L (milimole kwa lita).
Nkịtị | Oke kachasị akwadoro | Gbago elu | Hypercholesterolemia |
5,2 | 6,5 | 7,7 | > 7,7 |
Afọ | Lipoproteins dị obere | Nnukwu njupụta lipoproteins | ||
ụmụ nwoke | umu nwanyi | ụmụ nwoke | umu nwanyi | |
ụmụaka na ndị ntorobịa erubeghị afọ iri na anọ | 1,6–3,4 | 1,6–3,5 | 0,7–1,6 | 0,7–1,6 |
ndị na-eto eto site na afọ 14 ruo 20 | 1,6–3,3 | 1,5–3,5 | 0,7–1,7 | 0,7–1,8 |
site na 20 ruo 30 | 1,7–4,2 | 1,7–4,4 | 0,8–1,8 | 0,7–1,9 |
site na Z0 ruo 40 | 2,1–4,4 | 1,8–4,4 | 0,8–1,8 | 0,8-2,0 |
site na 40 ruo 60 | 2,2–5,0 | 2,0–5,2 | 0,8–2,0 | 0,8–2,2 |
60+ | 2,5–5,3 | 2,3–5,6 | 0,9–2,2 | 0,9–2,4 |
N’agbata afọ 14 | 14–20 | 20–30 | 30–40 | 40–60 | 60+ | |
di | 0,3–1,4 | 0,4–1,6 | 0,5–2,0 | 0,5–2,9 | 0,6–3,2 | 0,6–2,9 |
ndị nwunye | 0,3–1,4 | 0,4–1,4 | 0,4–1,4 | 0,4–1,7 | 0,5–2,3 | 0,6–2,8 |
Ọnọdụ nke afọ ime nwere ike ibulite cholesterol n'ime ụmụ nwanyị. N'ime oge amụ, n'ihi ihe gbasara ahụike, mmụba nke ihe ndị na-egosi na-akpalite:
- ọkwa progesterone dị elu nke arụ na-ahụ maka ahụ iji chebe nwa ebu n'afọ,
- nguzobe na mmepe nke aru mmadu n’aru (placenta), ebe obu na cholesterol n’eme ka abuba diri sel ya.
Ole cholesterol na-abawanye n’oge di ime. Ndị na - abụghị ọrịa bụ ihe ngosi ndị a (na mmol / l):
Ọgbọ | Ruo afọ 20 | Site na 20 ruo 30 | 30 ruo 40 | 40+ |
Oge ato | 3,0–5,19 | 3,1–5,8 | 3,4–6,3 | 3,9–6,9 |
Nkeji ato | 3,0–9,38 | 3,1–10,6 | 3,4–11,6 | 3,9–11,8 |
Mgbe ị na-agbakọ ọnụọgụ atherogenic (ndeksi), a ga-ewepu obere lipoproteins dị ala na cholesterol zuru oke ma kewaa cholesterol dị n'ọbara. Ibelata ụkọ atherogenicity maka steeti nke arịa ndị ahụ, ị gaghị atụ egwu.
Ọtụtụ mgbe, nke a na - apụta mgbe nri ogologo ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ cholesterol. Ọ bụrụ na nsonaazụ nke nyocha ahụ enweghị ụkpụrụ nke atherogenicity index, enwere ike ịgbakọ ọkwa nke nsogbu lipid n'adabereghị site na dochie usoro maka OH na LDL.
2–3 | 3–4 | >4 |
ụkpụrụ | agafeghị oke | elu |
ezigbo abụba metabolism | ihe egwu nke imepe atherosclerosis | ihe ịrịba ama nke atherosclerosis |
Oke cholesterol dị elu na-abụkarị mmụba nke lipoproteins dị ala. Enwere ike ibute ọrịa dyslipidemia (nleghara anya nke lipoproteins nke ihe dị iche iche) site na ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, ụdị ndụ na-adịghị mma.
Cholesterol ọbara na-abawanye:
- akparamagwa iri nri (nri riri aru na nri abuba, nri eghe, nri site na nri ngwa ngwa).
- Iri ahụ buru ibu
- nikotin na mmanya riri ahụ,
- ụdị hypodynamic (karịsịa na nri na-adịghị mma),
- nsogbu (nrụgide neuropsychological oge niile).
Ọrịa ndị na-emetụta ọkwa nke cholestol maka ihe ka njọ jikọtara ya na nkwarụ metabolic, ọrụ gbasara obi, yana ọkwa homonụ. Kacha nkịtị bụ:
- ọrịa shuga mellitus (ụdị nke mbụ na nke abụọ),
- ọrịa na - adịghị ala ala nke usoro ịba ọcha n'anya (ịba ọcha n'anya, ọrịa na cholecystitis, cholangitis, wdg),
- Ọrịa akụrụ (pyelonephritis, nephritis, wdg),
- ezughi oke nke homonụ thyroid (hypothyroidism),
- Ntinye eriri afọ (malabsorption),
- ọbara mgbali, atherosclerosis,
- ọrịa obi na-efe efe, pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis
- otu ọrịa autoimmune (systemic lupus erythematosus, otutu sclerosis),
- oncopathology ma ọ bụ mbufụt nke pancreas.
N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, enwere ike ibuli ọkwa cholesterol n'ihi ọdịnala e ketara eketa na hypercholesterolemia. Ibelata ogo cholesterol dị mma na-emerụ ahụ ahụ. HDLP na-arụ ọtụtụ ọrụ na-akwado ọrụ zuru oke nke akụkụ ahụ niile:
- tinyere aka na mmepụta homonụ na steroid,
- na-ewusi ike nke sel akpụkpọ,
- na-enye njikọ nke vitamin D na bile acids site na mkpụrụ ndụ imeju.
- na -eme njikọ n'etiti neurons nke ụbụrụ na ogwe n’ọkpụkpụ azụ.
Enweghị ezigbo cholesterol na-akpalite ọdịda nke usoro ndị a. Site na nkwarụ HDL, ọtụtụ mgbe, enwere nsogbu akwara ozi (ụjọ ụjọ, enweghị nsogbu nke mmụọ, mkpochasị libido, ịda mba).
Forzọ maka ndọtị metabolism
Iji mezie mkpokọta ịdị mma nke lipoproteins na nke ọjọọ, yana iji belata ihe dị njọ nke ịmalite ọrịa atherosclerosis na ọrịa obi ndị ọzọ, ọ dị mkpa:
- hapụ nicotine na mmanya na-enweghị nchịkwa,
- gaa n'ihu, tinyekwuo oge ịnọ na ikuku ikuku,
- belata ibu n’arụ (n’i n’ihu ọtụtụ paụnd).
Edere usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ ka o buru n'uche ihe ngosipụta niile nke profaịlụ. Site na obere mmụba na ọkwa cholesterol, o zuru ezu iji dozie omume iri nri. N'okwu ndị ọzọ siri ike, a na-emeju nri ahụ na ọgwụ na inyeju nri nri.
Nri oriri na-edozi ahu iji belata cholesterol
Ole cholesterol a na-etinye n'ime nri ekwesịghị ịfe 0.3 g / ụbọchị (300 mg). Iji nweta nsonaazụ dị mma site na nri, ọnụ ọgụgụ a ga-akawanye mma. Ọ dịghị mkpa ịgbakọ ọdịnaya kọlestrọl dị na ngwaahịa. Ndị na-ahụ maka ndị na-ahụ maka nri na-edozi tebụl pụrụ iche, na-adabere na nke a na-atụ aro ka ọ chịkọta nchịkọta nri ụbọchị.
Site na nri, ọ dị mkpa iji kpochapụ nri ndị nwere nnukwu abụba anụmanụ, yana nri esiri n'ụzọ esi nri. Gbalịa ịbanye na ngwa nri, mkpụrụ osisi, nri site na mkpo na ọka.
Amachibidoro | Hapụrụ |
ezi abuba na Offal | anụ nri nke toki, oke bekee, ọkụkọ |
ichebe: stew, pastes, azu azu | azu |
sausages | obere abụba na ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi |
Mayonezi ndị nwere abụba | akwụkwọ nri ọhụrụ na stewed (ga-abụ kabeeji) |
utoojoo ude 20% ma ọ bụ karịa, chiiz 40% ma ọ bụ karịa | mkpo: agwa, ube, lentil |
ịta nri sitere na achịcha puff na obere nkenke | mkpụrụ |
mịrị amị, anụ | ọka (bọkiti, osikapa, ọka bali) |
ụdị nri anụ na-emecha | sauerkraut |
Ọ dị mkpa iji belata ojiji butter na 10 g / ụbọchị. Nye mmasị na mmanụ oliv, ahịhịa mmiri ara ehi, mkpụrụ vaịn, flax. Ọmụmụ ihe na nso nso a ewezuga akwa na mmanu ahihia na ndepụta amachibidoro. A na-ahapụ akwa ọkụkọ na nnụnụ kwel na menu ugboro abụọ n'izu. Lard nwere aruchidonic acid, nke na - enyere aka wepu cholesterol dị njọ, a na - ahapụ 10-15 g / ụbọchị nke ngwaahịa nnu enweghị oke.
Ngwa nri cholesterol dị ala nke nwere phytosterols (ube oyibo), lutein na carotonoids (nri si n'ubi ahụ). Ihe ọ drinksụ drinksụ bara uru bụ iko rosehip nwere otutu ascorbic acid, na tii akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, bara ụba na polyphenols. Mgbe ị na-achịkọta menu, a na-atụ aro ka iwu nke usoro ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ "Isiokwu Nke 10" dị ka nhazi nke V. Pervzner).
Ọgwụ Hypocholesterol
Ogwu na nri ndi n’eme ka ibelata ihe LDL gunyere:
Ọnọdụ | Fibrates | |
usoro nke ime ihe | gbochie uto nke cholesterol n'ime imeju | kpochapu ma wepu LDL na VLDL |
contraindications | ịba ọcha n'anya, ntụsara ahụ, oge nke ịmị nwa na inye ya nri, nnagide onwe onye | decompensation nke akụrụ na umeji, calculi ke gallbladder na bile ducts, perinatal and lactational period in Women, obere afọ |
nkwadebe | Atorvastatin, Cerivastatin, Rosuvastatin, Pitavastatin | Clofibrate, Gemfibrozil, Bezafibrat, Fenofibrate |
N'ihe banyere ekweghị na ọgwụ sitere na otu statins, a na-eji ọgwụ ọgwụ dochie ya na ntinye aka na njikọta nke bile acid.Cholestyramine na cholestidum na - etolite agwagwa dị n'ime ahụ. Ihe mgbochi na ntinye aka bu ime ime ya na mgbochi mgbochi.
Nri nri nwere omega-3 na omega-6 ọdụdụ mmanụ, mmanụ azụ, lipoic acid na-enyere aka ịbawanye cholesterol. A na-ahapụ iji ọgwụ cholesterol na ihe ndị ọzọ na - eme ka ihe ndị ọzọ dị ndụ mee naanị site n'ikike nke dọkịta. Ọgwụ nwere ọgwụ mgbochi, ọgwụ ịchọrọ onwe ya nwere ike bute ahụike na-adịghị mma.
Mmụta anụ ahụ na egwuregwu
Mmemme egwuregwu oge niile na-enyere aka belata cholesterol ọbara ma sachapụ arịa ọbara. Site na mmega ahụ, anụ ahụ zuru oke oxygen zuru oke, nke na-eme ka ọbara na-ekesa. Ihe omume ututu, mmiri ikuku na igwu mmiri, klaga yoga dabara adaba maka ọzụzụ usoro.
Na mgbakwunye, usoro mmega ahụ ahaziri nke ọma na-enyere aka belata ibu ma mee ka ọbara mgbali elu dị mma. Nhọrọ dị mma bụ egwuregwu na ikuku dị mma (ije ije Finnish, ịgba agba).
Ekwesịrị ịchịkwa ọkwa nke cholesterol (cholesterol) n'ime ọbara ọbụlagodi otu ugboro n'afọ. Ndị mmadụ na-arịa ọrịa obi, ọrịa nke usoro endocrine, ndị buru oke ibu, a na-atụ aro ka a nyochaa ya ugboro atọ n'afọ. Lipoproteins dị ntakịrị (cholesterol ọjọọ), nke edobere na mgbidi nke arịa ọbara, na-akpalite mmepe nke atherosclerosis na ọrịa ndị ọzọ.
Nnukwu npoproteins dị mma (cholesterol dị mma), na-ewusi mgbidi vaskụla ike, na-enye aka na mwepụ nke oke abụba. Nkwekorita nke kachasi nke cholesterol n'ime obara bu 5.2 mmol / L. Site na mmụba n'ụkpụrụ, ọ dị mkpa ịtụgharị nri, kwụsị nicotine na mmanya, na-emega ahụ oge niile.
Kedu ihe ra ka nke nta nke nta kwuru?
Elere anya ọrịa etolite na akwara na --echeta mkpokọta cholesterol na HDL. Nke a bụ ndepụta atherogenic. A na-agbakọ ya dabere na data sitere na nnwale ọbara.
Iji gbakọọ ihe ọnụ, ịkwesịrị iji ihe ngosipụta nke lipoproteins dị mma “dị mma site na mkpokọta cholesterol na nyocha ọbara. A na - ekewa ọnụ ọgụgụ fọdụrụnụ na HDL. Uru enwetara bụ ndebiri (ọnụọgụ) nke atherogenicity.
Nke kwesiri ekwesi, o kwesiri ibu 2-3, oburu na egosiputaghi ihe nlere, dokita ga acho oria di nkpa. Ọ metụtara ahaghị nzere nke lipids. Ma ihe puru omume nke inwe atherosclerosis nke nwere otutu ihe adighi eme.
Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ha na-akpata dị elu karịa ka ọ dị na nkịtị, mgbe ahụ enwere ihe ọghọm maka ịmepụta mbadamba nkume atherosclerotic na ọrịa obi. Na ngosipụta nke 3-5, a na-enyocha ihe ize ndụ ahụ ka ọ na-ajụ. Iri nri zuru oke na imega ahụ iji mee ka ahụ dịghachi mma. N'inwe ọnụọgụ atherogenic karịrị ise, atherosclerosis dị ugbu a ma na-aga n'ihu. Onye ọrịa ahụ na-enwe nchegbu banyere ọbara mgbali elu na ụdị mmalite nke nkụda obi.
Mkpebi ọnụọgụ atherogenic dịka Friedwald kwuru
Dabere na usoro Friedwald, dabere na kọlestrọl cholesterol na HDL, a na-agbakọ nchịkọta nke "ọjọọ" cholesterol. A na-enyocha ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ọrịa obi.
LDL = cholesterol General - (HDL + TG / 2.2)
Ebe cholesterol di cholesterol, TG bu ogo nke triglycerides n’ime obara.
Enwere ike ikpebi ọkwa nke adịghị ike metabolism n’adabereghị. Tụlee ọnụọgụ sitere na iwu LDL na tebụl maka nwoke na nwoke. Di elu uche nke cholesterol “ihe jọrọ njọ”, ka odi n’iru ike inweta atherosclerosis na nsonaazụ ya.
Ihe kpatara LDL dị elu
Mmụba nke cholesterol "ọjọọ" na - apụta n'ihi ihe ndị a:
- oke oriri nke abuba na nri eghe, oriri nke nri ngwa ngwa
- nsogbu metabolic
Hypertriglyceridemia - gafere oke nke ọkwa kachasị mma nke cholesterol na triglycerides n'ozuzu.
N'oge afọ ime, a na-ebuli cholesterol elu. Nke a bụ ụkpụrụ. Mgbe amuchara umu, o ghapuru nke oma. N'oge ị na-amụ nwa, cholesterol dị mkpa maka njikọ nke homonụ na ịmalite Plasenta (ihe mejupụtara ya bụ lipids).
N'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, enweghị nleghara anya egbugbere ọnụ bụ ihe ọjọọ.
Ayszọ iji belata ihe ọjọọ ma bulie cholesterol
Enwere ụzọ atọ maka idozi nsogbu ọrịa Lipid:
Ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ atherogenic adịghị karịa 5, ị ga-enwe nri ga-ezuru ma na-emega ahụ. N'okwu ndị dị elu, a na-ejikọ ọgwụ.
Nri na nri
A na - akpọ nri iji belata cholesterol. Ikwesiri iwepu abụba nke anụmanụ sitere na nri, gụnye akwukwo nri, mkpụrụ osisi na polyunsaturated ọdụdụ abụba (PUFAs) buru ibu.
PUFA bụ omega-3, omega-6 na omega-9. Ha na-agbaze ngwugwu cholesterol. Bụ akụkụ nke ngwaahịa:
- mmanụ oriri: olive, ukpa, linse, sesame, hemp (nke kachasị nke ọdịnaya ọdụdụ),
Mma ahu adighi nma.
A na-ahụta abụba anụmanụ n'ime nri ndị a (iji belata cholesterol ngwa ngwa, a ga-ahapụrịrị ha):
- anu mara abuba
- mmanu ahihia, na-asa ahihia na soseji,
- margarine, bọta,
- chiiz
- ngwaahịa ara ehi
- nsen
- nri eghe (cholesterol ka emebere mgbe ighe nri obula na mmanu).
Jiri abụba akwụkwọ nri dochie abụba anụmanụ. Kama utoojoo ude na Mayonezi, jiri mmanụ oriri. Ha adịghị obere dị ụtọ na ụtọ. Okwesiri iju nri ahihia. Ha nwere oke abụba anụmanụ. Rie ofe azu. PUFA niile dị na ofe. A na-etinye ya ngwa ngwa, ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-agbaze paịlị n'ime arịa.
Ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya iri akwụkwọ nri na mkpụrụ osisi n'oge nri ọ bụla. Na-ekpuchi mkpụrụ osisi citrus, apụl, ube oyibo na mkpụrụ. N'ime akwụkwọ nri bara uru karịsịa: tomato, zukini, skwọsh, eggplant, garlic. Cookingzọ nri akwadoro: esi, esi, steepụ.
Mmega ahụ na egwuregwu
Ibu ahụ kwesiri ikwekọ na ahụ gị. Ọ ka mma ịkpọtụrụ dọkịta n'okwu a. Ọ bụrụ na nsogbu obi adịworị, belata onwe gị ka ịgagharị kwa ụbọchị na ikuku dị mma. Ọ dịkarịa ala, awa abụọ kwa ụbọchị.
Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ ahụ kwụsiri ike, a naghị ebido atherosclerosis, gbaa egwuregwu, jiri mmega ahụ. Mgbe ị na-egwu egwuregwu, ọbara ọbara na - eme ka ọ dị mma, plasta cholesterol na - edozi. Na nri, mmega ahụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma. N'ime ọnwa 1-2, ị nwere ike belata akara ngosi nke cholesterol nke "adịghị mma".
Ọgwụ
Mgbe ị na-ede ọgwụ, dọkịta nwere ebumnuche abụọ:
- imebi ọbara (maka igbochi egbochi mkpụkọ ọbara),
- belata oke cholesterol nke “jọrọ njọ”.
Iji tichaa ọbara ahụ, a na-atụ aro acetylsalicylic acid. A na-eji ya na obere doses. Ọgwụ kachasị mma bụ: