Ntụziaka maka ojiji nke insulin: mejupụtara, analogues, nyocha, ọnụ ahịa na ahịa ọgwụ

Ọ dị n'ụdị abụọ - Rinsulin R na Rinsulin NPH. Mpempe weputara - katriiki 3 ml (ya na ma ogwe eji sirinji) ma obu karama 10 ml. Bụrụ na ndị a bụ katrized, mgbe ahụ enwere 5 iberibe na ngwugwu. A na-etinyekwa karama ahụ na igbe kaadi.

Ngwakọta ahụ na-adabere n'ụdị "Rinsulin."

• P: 100 IU nke insulin mmadụ, 3 mg nke metacresol, 16 mg nke glycerol, ihe dị ka 1 ml mmiri maka ịgba ntụtụ.
• NPH: 100 IU nke insulin mmadụ, 0.34 mg nke sulfate protamine, 16 mg nke glycerol, 0.65 mg nke crystalline phenol, 1.6 mg nke metacresol, 2.25 mg nke sodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, ruo 1 ml nke mmiri maka ntụtụ.

Ọdịiche dị n'etiti Rinsulin P na NPH

Rinsulin R bụ ọgwụ ntụtụ, yana Rinsulin NPH bụ nkwusioru maka nchịkwa subcutaneous. Enwere ike ijikwa nke mbụ subcutaneously, intravenously na intramuscularly (kwa ụbọchị site na 0.3 IU / n'arọ). Nke abụọ bụ naanị subcutaneous (site na 0.5 IU / n'arọ).

Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti ụdị "Rinsulin" bụ oge ihe ha na-eme. "P" - insulin na-adị mkpụmkpụ, malitere ịrụ ọrụ na minit 30 mgbe nchịkwa gasịrị, oge nke mmetụta ahụ dị ihe dị ka awa 8. "Rinsulin NPH" malitere ime ihe mgbe elekere 1,5 - 2 gachara, dị irè rue otu ụbọchị.

Ọgwụ ọgwụ dị iche iche.

Omume ọgwụ

Ọ nwere mmetụta hypoglycemic. Onye a na - enweta site na ntanyeghachi nke DNA. Ọ na - emekọ ihe na ndị na - anabata ya, na - ebute ihe nnabata nke insulin. Ọ na - eme ka glucose na - ebute intracellular intracellular, na - eme ka ọ nwee ike ịmịcha nke ọma nke mkpụrụ ndụ na anụ ahụ, ma na - akpali lipogenesis na glycogenesis. Nke a na-ebelata mmeputa nke glucose site na umeji.

Oge ihe ga-eme bụ dabere n'ụdị Rinsulin. Enwere ike iji ụdị abụọ a jikọta ọgwụgwọ.

Mlọ ọgwụ

Mmalite nke omume, ọsọ na izuzu nke ọgwụ ahụ dabere na saịtị ịgba ọgwụ, usoro onunu ogwu na ihe ndị ọzọ. Nkesa ahụ ezighi ezi, ihe dị na ọgwụ ahụ anaghị agafe ihe mgbochi placental. Nkeji ọkara bụ mkpụmkpụ, ọgwụ ejiri kọọsị ya kpamkpam.

• 1dị 1 na ụdị shuga 2.
• Ọria mamiri n’oge afọ ime.
• Ọnọdụ mejuputara metabolism metabolism n’arụ ndị na-arịa ọrịa shuga.

Ntụziaka maka ojiji (usoro na usoro onunu ogwu)

Ọkachasi ahọpụtapụtara etu esi were nyocha ya na mkpa nke ahụ maka insulin.

A na-ahazi "Rinsulin P" nke ọma na ntanetị, intravenously ma ọ bụ intramuscularly nkeji iri atọ tupu nri. Site na monotherapy, a na-egosipụta inje 3 ugboro kwa ụbọchị, dịka mkpa pụrụ iche si dị, dọkịta nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke injections ruo isii.

Ejiri ụdị ọgwụ a "NPH" bụ naanị subcutaneously.

Enwere ike ịkọwa saịtị ịgba ama dị na ebe ndị a:

• hips
• ike
• afo (ogiri afọ nke ukwu),
• ubu.

Ọ dị mkpa ịgbanwe ntụgharị ntụtụ oge niile iji zere lipodystrophy. Ọ dị mkpa ịkụziri onye ọrịa ọgwụ nchịkwa ziri ezi, iji zere ịbanye na arịa ọbara.

Ogwu a na-elekọta kwesịrị ịdị n temperature ụlọ okpomọkụ.

Nsonaazụ

• Ọnọdụ hypoglycemic.
• Mmeghachi omume nfụkasị, edere nke Quincke.
• Ọbara na itching na ntụtụ.
• Lipodystrophy.
• Belatara anya acuity visual (ọkachasị na mmalite ọgwụgwọ).
• Uwe.

A na - ewepụ mmetụta ndị a niile site na ịgbanwe usoro ọgwụ ahụ ma ọ bụ kagbuo ya.

Dodoụbiga ya ókè

Mmepe nke hypoglycemia. Ihe omuma ya: pallor, adighi ike, oria aka ya rue mgbe onwa ya na agamia, aguu, obi mmadu.

Wepu ụdị ọkụ ahụ site na iri nri ndị nwere carbohydrate. Ọdịiche na nke siri ike - na iji ọgwụ glucagon ma ọ bụ usoro dextrose, na-eme ka mmadụ mara, na-eri nri ya na carbohydrates, na-agbaso arịrịọ dọkịta gbanwere usoro ọgwụ.

Mkparịta ụka ọgwụ ọjọọ

Ekwesighi iji ya mee ihe ndị ọzọ.

Ihe nwere ike ịkwalite nsonaazụ ọgwụ ahụ:

• ọgwụ hypoglycemic nke ọgwụ,
• bromocriptine
• MAO, ATP na carbonic anhydrase inhibitors,
• sulfonamides,
• ndị na - abụghị ndị na - eme nhọrọ beta.
• anabolic steroid
• octreotide
• ketoconazole,
• pyridoxine
• cyclophosphamide,
• tetracyclines
• clofibrate
• nkwadebe lithium
• mebendazole,
• fenfluramine,
• theophylline
• nkwadebe nwere ethanol.

Ihe na-eme ka ihe ghara ịdịrị:

• glucagon,
• ogwu gboro ya
• somatropin,
• glucocorticosteroids,
• estrogens
• thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics,
• nnabata ọmiko
• homonu ayodiin nwere ayodiin,
• heparin
• clonidine
• tricyclic antidepressants,
• ihe mgbochi nke uzo calcium
• danazol
• ihe ndapụta
• epinephrine
• diazoxide
• Ihe nrịbama H1 histamine na-egbochi,
• morphine
• nikotin.

Reserpine na salicylates nwere ike inwe ma ha na -eme ka ike ma ọ na-arụ ọrụ.

IKWU! Nkwenye nkwonkwo ọgwụ na dibia bekee n’adighi ike!

Ntụziaka pụrụ iche

Oge a chọrọ ọgwụgwọ nke ọkwa glucose ọbara n'ọbara.

Enwere ihe ize ndụ nke hypoglycemia. Ọ nwere ike kpalite nchekasị, iri nri, ịba ụba na-emega ahụ, ụfọdụ ọrịa. Hyperglycemia na ọrịa shuga na-arịa ọrịa shuga nwere ike ịmalite mgbe ọzọ ma ọ bụrụ na ahọpụtara ọgwụ ole na-adịghị mma.

N'ime ndị ọrịa nwere stenosis nke akwara ọbara na akwara, jiri nlezianya mee ihe. Ya na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa retinopathy, nkwarụ nke gland thyroid, imeju, akụrụ, nwere akụkọ banyere ọrịa Addison, yana ndị agadi karịrị afọ 65 n'ihi ọghọm hypoglycemia.

Ọ na-emetụta ikike ịkwọ ụgbọ ala, yabụ ị kwesịrị ịhapụ ịkwọ ụgbọala maka oge ọgwụgwọ.

A naghị akwado ya ka agwakọta ya na nfuli insulin na catheters.

A na-ewepụta ya naanị na ndenye ọgwụ.

Ime na lactation

A na-ahapụ ya ka o jiri oge afọ ime na mgbe amuchara nwa, ebe ngwaahịa a dị mma maka ahụ nwa ahụ. N'ime nne nke ọnwa nke mbụ, mkpa nke insulin nwere ike ibelata, ebe ọnwa ndị na-eso ya, ọ na-ebilikarị. Ekwesịrị ịgwọ ọgwụgwọ n'okpuru nlezianya nke dibia bekee. Hypoglycemia nne nwa dị ize ndụ nye nwatakịrị ahụ.

Tụnyere ihe analogues

Insulin a nwere otutu analogues nke gha gha aba uru itughari.

Levemir. Ngwakọta dị n'ọrụ bụ insulin-detemir. Companylọ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ hypoglycemic ọkara - Novo Nordisk, Denmark. Ọnụ ego maka ịbakọ ihe na pensụl sirinji ga-abụ ihe ruru 1800 rubles. Irè. Ọke na-akpata nke ahu anataghi. Agbanyeghị, na ọnụahịa dị elu, ọ nwere ndepụta zuru ezu gbasara nsonaazụ yana anaghị atụ aro maka ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ isii.

"Insuman Rapid." Nwere inslulenti, jizi mkpụrụ ndụ ihe, insulin na-eme ngwa ngwa. Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ Sanofi-Aventis dị na France. Ọnụ ego maka katọn ụgbọ ala bụ 1100 rubles. Ngwongwo dị nso na Njirimara nke Rinsulin. Enwere ike iji ya na nwata, ma jiri nlezianya họrọ usoro. Ndị mgbada ahụ bụ nnukwu ọnụ ahịa.

"Arụ ọrụ." Ihe na-arụ ọrụ bụ insulin na-asọpụrụ mmadụ. Onye na - emepụta ihe - "Novo Nordisk", Denmark. A na-akwụ ụgwọ 370 rubles, na karama 10 ml. Ime obere ihe, dị mma maka ọgwụgwọ agwakọta. Enwere ike ịhazi ya intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously.

"Biosulin." Nkwụchi a nwere insulin dịpụrụ adịpụ. A na - emepụta ụlọ ọrụ Pharmstandard-Ufavita, Russia. Ọnụahịa ahụ dabere n'ụdị ntọhapụ: karama dị milimita 10 - 370 rubles, katriji na pensụ sirinji - site na 1000 rubles. Na mkpokọta, akụrụngwa ndị ahụ yiri. Mbelata ka ọ ga-efu. Mana data ọgwụ n'ozuzu kwụrụ ụgwọ maka nke a.

Gbanwe ụdị ọgwụ ọzọ dị naanị site n'ikike nke dọkịta! Amachibidoro ị medicationụ onwe gị ọgwụ!

Nyocha banyere ọrịa mamịrị

Na mkpokọta, ọgwụ a nwere nyocha dị mma. Ndị ọrịa shuga na-akọ banyere ike, ọnụego ezi uche dị na ya na arụmọrụ. Mana ụfọdụ na-ekwu na insulin a eruteghị ha.

Ekaterina: “Achọpụtala m ọrịa shuga mellitus ogologo oge. Ọ bụghị ogologo oge gara aga m na-eji Rinsulin NPH. Ọ masịrị m na ọ dị mfe iji, enwere mkpụrụ akwụkwọ sirinji. Ana m agbaso nri, yabụ enweghị nsogbu ọ bụla na nsonaazụ ọ bụla. Ọ masịrị m ọgwụ ahụ nke ukwuu. ”

Eugene: “Dọkịta ahụ bugara Rinsulin NPH, ana m a inụ ya ugboro abụọ n'ụbọchị. M na-eji sirinji amịgharị amịgharị, ọ na-adaba adaba ma nwee ọnụ ahịa ego efu. M na-eme mgbe niile na nri anaghị enye nsogbu, mgbe m riri nri n'ụlọ, ana m etinye mgbakwunye “P”. O nwere nsonaazụ dị mkpirikpi, na-aga nke ọma na "NPH". Ọgwụ a dabara adaba, a na-edebe shuga n'ọkwa a na-anabata. "

Igor: “Rinsulin amaghị m. Sugar nọgidere na-eto. Dọkịta ahụ nyefere ọgwụ ọzọ. Ma, anụrụ m na mmadụ nwere ezigbo agwa. N'ụzọ doro anya, ọ bụghị ọgwụ m. ”

Olga: “A na-emeso m Actrapid. Ha kwụsịrị ibuga ya n'ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ - nsogbu ụfọdụ na ndị bịara ya. Dọkịta dụrụ m ọdụ ka m nwalee Rinsulin NPH. M rigoro. Ọtọ shuga dị nkịtị, ahụghị m mmetụta ọ bụla. Enwere m obi ụtọ n'ihe niile, n'ozuzu ya. ”

Mpempe mwepụta

A na-ewepụta insulin na nkwusioru nke ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi, ejiri karama roba kpuchie ya na karama, jiri okpu aluminom kpuchie ya. Ọ dịkwa na ampoules nke 5 ma ọ bụ 10 ml. Lijist a dị ọcha, na-enweghị atụ, na-enweghị ntụpọ. A na-ezube ngwakọta dị otú a iji sirinji insulin na-akpọkọta ma na-ete ya otu. 5 pcs iko mmanya juru eju na kaadiboodu tinyere nkowa. Ntinye insulin na-achọkarị bụ nke dị na sirinji. Nke a bụ ụdị mmepụta dị mma maka ndị ọrịa shuga, maka na katọnges ndị dochie anya nwere ọtụtụ onunu ogwu, yabụ ị nwere ike tinye ya ọ bụghị naanị n'ụlọ, kamakwa were gị were rụọ ọrụ. Ọ dị mfe iji, anaghị achọ ihe ọmụma na nkà pụrụ iche. A naghị ewepụta insulin na mbadamba; ụdị a ka nọ na mmepe.

Ndụ nchekwa nke ọgwụ ahụ bụ ọnwa 15, mana ọbụlagodi na akpa ejiri ọgwụ siri ike, ọgwụ ahụ nwere ike ịka njọ ma ọ bụrụ na echekwara ya n'ụzọ adịghị mma. A na-egosi oge oge ị theụ ọgwụ na-egosi site na ntụ, flakes ma ọ bụ adịghị ọcha ndị ọzọ dị na vial ahụ. Ekwesịrị ka ekpughere ampoules ma debe ya na okpomọkụ na-erughị 2-8 * C. Enwere ike ịchekwa ọgwụ mgbe mgbe n'ime ụlọ, mana n'ebe gbara ọchịchịrị ka ọ ghara ịda anyanwụ. A na-eji karama dị otú ahụ eme ihe karịa ọnwa. Mgbe ahụ ọ ga-ewepụrịrị ya, ọbụlagodi ma ọ gwụbeghị ụbọchị ngafe.

Dị Mkpa! Dokwesighi ị gụrụ ọgwụ. Ihe omuma nke regimen maka iji ogwu g’eme ka ndi dibia gha mee ihe banyere ile ogwu. N'ọdịnihu, dị ka nkwanye dọkịta ahụ si dị, a na-ahọrọ nhọrọ ọgwụgwọ achọrọ, a na-edozi usoro ịgwọ ahụ.

Pharmacodynamics na pharmacokinetics

Insulin nwere ike belata suga shuga na mmamịrị, mee ka uru glucose na-abawanye. Homonụ ahụ na-akwalite ntụgharị nke glucose na glycogen, nchịkọta ya na akwara na umeji. Na mgbakwunye, insulin na-ebelata mmepụta nke glucose, na-egbochi mmepe nke lipemia (abụba ọbara) nke ụdị ọrịa mamịrị. Ofzọ ime ihe insulins niile bụ otu - ịmepụta ihe nnabata nke insulin na-anabata, yana oge ọ ga - eji mepụta insulin, ụdị ya. Ọzọkwa, saịtị ịgba ọgwụ ahụ, ọnọdụ okpomọkụ, ọnụọgụ na ịta nke ihe ngwọta na-emetụta ọsọ nke ọgwụ. Insulin na-abanye n'ọbara, na-emebi akụrụ na umeji, a na-apụkwa ngwa ngwa na mmamịrị na bile. Nnukwu ngwa ngwa na ngwa ngwa na-amalite ime ihe mgbe nkeji 3-10 gasịrị, na ndị toro ogologo oge mgbe minit 25-30 gasịrị.

Ihe ngosi na contraindications

Ọgbọ nke oge a buru oke ibu na ogo dịgasị iche. Nke a na - eduga na nri adịghị edozi, nketa, nrụgide oge niile na ihe ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, mgbe dọkịta kwadochara nchoputa nke ọrịa shuga mellitus, a na-amanye ha ka ha jiri ọgwụ ndị na-ebelata shuga. A na-egosi ọgwụgwọ insulin maka ụdị ọrịa dị iche iche.

1. Ulindabere insulin bụ ụdị ọrịa mbụ nke shuga ọbara ga-ebili n'ihi ụkọ insulin. Nke a bụ n'ihi enweghi nsogbu ọria mmadụ na akpata site na ọrịa afọ ịmụ nwa n'ihi ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ.
2. Ofdị ọrịa insulin na - anaghị adị (ụdị 2) na - etolite n'ihi na ejighi njikọ dị n'etiti sel anụ ahụ na homonụ.
3. Ọrịa afọ ime bụ ọrịa ụmụ nwanyị dị ime. Mmụba shuga n’oge ime. Mgbe ịmụchara nwa, ọkwa a na-abụkarị nke nkịtị.
4. A na-arịa ọrịa shuga N’ihi mmụba, protein dị ka insulin na-agbanwe akparamaagwa ya, nke bụrụ ihe na-ebute mmepe nke pathology, n’ihi na ọ na-esonye n’usoro nke anụ ahụ, usoro nke endocrine na sistem ndị ọzọ.

Na mgbakwunye, insulin na-abanye n'ime ndị ọrịa mamịrị maka ọrịa na-efe efe yana fever. Denye ọgwụ ogwu nye ndị ọrịa nwere nsogbu metabolic mgbe ị na-agagharị na insulin ọgwụgwọ ogologo. Tinye ọgwụ maka nnwale insulin.

Ntinye insulin na ndi ọrịa nwere:

• Inyocha insulin na mmiri ọgwụ,
• glucose obere ọbara dị n'okpuru nkịtị.

Hypoglycemia na-ewere ọnọdụ na:

• ọria aru
• nephropathy,
• nnukwu ịba ọcha n'anya
• ọrịa imeju,
• amyloidosis nke akụrụ,
• ICD
• eriri afọ
• ọrịa butere ọrịa obi.

N'iji nlezianya mee ya, ndị dọkịta ka enyere ya ọgwụ:

• oke ikuku
• nnukwu nsogbu gbasara akụrụ,
• emeghasị ọnya afọ nke thyroid,
• Ọrịa Addison.

Ọ bụ ndị dibia bekee ka a na-elezi anya iji mata ụmụ nwanyị dị ime ya. N'ime oge a, a na-emeghari usoro ọgwụgwọ ugboro ole.

Usoro onunu ogwu na ịdoụbiga mmanya ókè

Ebumnuche ị takingụ ọgwụ bụ iwetu glucose ọbara. Ana enye insulin arụ ọrụ ogologo oge s / c ma ọ bụ m. Iji hụ na ihe mmetụta dị oke egwu (ọnọdụ mberede), a na-eji insulin eme ihe na-adịghị adị mkpụmkpụ, dọkịta ga-ekwupụta aha ọgwụ ndị ahụ. Amachibido iwebata insulin ịgbatị na ọkara n'ime akwara ma ọ bụ jiri na nfuli mgbanye. Tupu nchịkwa, ịkwesịrị ikpo ọkụ nke ihe ngwọta nke okpomoku ime ụlọ. Ngwọta nzuzo na-akwụsịlata mbido ya ma nwee ike ime ka mmetụta ọgwụ ahụ dị ogologo.

A họrọ ahịrị ọgwụ n’otu n’otu maka onye ọrịa ọ bụla. Gulitere glucose na-ebu ụzọ tupu nri na awa 2 mgbe iri nri gasịrị. N’ihe dị iche iche, tụlezie usoro kachasị mma nke 30-40 PIECES 1-3 ugboro n'ụbọchị ma ọ bụ 0-1-1 PIECES / n'arọ nke ịdị arọ. Ọ bụrụ na enwere ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ dị na ya ma ọ bụ na ọgwụ a adịghị mma maka onye ọrịa, mgbe ahụ enwere ike ijikọ insulin na ihe omume ultrashort yana ọgwụ nwere ogologo mmetụta.

Dị Mkpa! Ndị ọrịa mamịrị kwesịrị ilezi anya nke ọma mgbe ha na-a theụ ọgwụ ahụ ka ọ ghara ịgafe usoro a tụrụ aro ya. Nke a ga - eduga njupụta insulin na mmepe nke mgbaàmà hypoglycemia.

Mmekorita

Insulins dakọtara na ibe ha, mana achọrọ ịmegharị dose mgbe ị na-agbanwe site na otu ụdị gaa na nke ọzọ. Mgbe ị na-ede ọgwụ, dọkịta na-adọrọ uche gaa n'ihe ọgwụ onye ọrịa ka na-a takingụ, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ọgwụ na-ebelata ma ọ bụ kwalite mmetụta nke insulin. Ka ịgbatị mmetụta nke ị takingụ mmanya nwere ike:

• homonụ thyroid,
• nicotinic acid na akuku ya,
• antidepressants.

Njikọ mmanya na insulin na-akwalite mmetụta hypoglycemic nke ọgwụ. E nwere ìgwè ọgwụ na-ebelata oke ọgwụgwọ nke ọgwụ. Nke a bụ:

• ndị na - egbochi MAO, NPF, NSAID,
• ọgwụ nwere salicylic acid,
• nhazi nke zinc
• ọgwụ steroid.

Ọgwụ insulin anaghị emetụta nhazigharị mmadụ, yabụ ndị ọrịa mamịrị nwere ike iji teknụzụ akpaka na-arụ ọrụ.

Nkewa nke ogwu a rụrụ n'usoro nke oge, mejupụtara, mbido nke ngwaọrụ.

Tebụl insulin

Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa chọrọ ịgbanwe site n'otu ụdị insulin gaa na nke ọzọ, mgbe ahụ ọ bụ naanị dọkịta na-eme mgbanwe dị otú ahụ. Nyere ihe di iche n’oge ihe, a na-ahọpụta usoro ogwu ahụ.

Echiche onye ọrịa

Nyocha nke ndị ọrịa mamịrị gbasara ị ofụ ọgwụ.

Svetlana, 54 afọ, Samara. Anọ m arịa ọrịa shuga kemgbe afọ 46. Ana m eji "Insulin Glargin", ana m a drugụ ọgwụ mgbe niile, ya mere enwere m obi ọma. Isi ihe abụghị igbu oge awa nnabata ma kwụọ ụgwọ a tụrụ aro ya.

Daria, dị afọ 32, Rostov. Ahụhụ shuga na-amị amị. Ugbu a, m na-agbaso nri ma na-egbu oge "Insuman Bazal." Ọ na-enyere m aka ibi ndụ ma na-arụ ọrụ zuru oke.

Marina Pavlovna, endocrinologist. Ndị ọrịa na-anabata nnabata ndị na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ bụrụ na ha achọpụta nri na-edozi ahụ na ọgwụ ndị kwesịrị ekwesị. Njehie dị na nri na-eduga n'inweta “mmetụta dị n'akụkụ”.

Ọnụ ọnụ ọgwụ dị iche iche nwere insulin na-adabere na onye nrụpụta na nkwakọ ngwaahịa. Ọ dị iche na narị rubles anọ. ruo 2800 rub. maka mbukota.

Obere okwu mmechi

Enwere akwụkwọ pụrụ iche ebe akọwapụtara hypoglycemia n'ụzọ zuru ezu. Ihe omuma a abughi nani maka ndi oria mamiri, ebe obu na ebum n’uche banyere oganihu ogwu. E nwekwara ndepụta ọgwụ e ji eme ọgwụ insulin. Ọ dị mkpa ka ịghara ịmalite ọgwụgwọ n'onwe gị. Gbalịsie ike ịga leta endocrinologist ka ị ghara imerụ onwe gị ahụ.