Ofdị Atherosclerosis

Koodu Atherosclerosis dika ICD 10 I70 si kwuo. A maara aha ahụ nke ọma "n'etiti ndị mmadụ," mana ole na ole na-eche banyere nsonaazụ ya. Aha a mejupụtara Greek ἀθέρος - “igbogbo ọka, nke gruel” na σκληρός - “siri ike, sie ike”. N'ihi ebumnuche dị iche iche, n'ime arịa nke arịa ndị ahụ, a na-edebe cholesterol n'ụdị slurry a na-ahụ anya.

N'ihi nke a, oghere nke arịa ahụ na-agbadata ihe mgbochi zuru oke na njedebe nke ụzọ ọbara. Enwere oria nke yiri ya na ihe mgbaàmà - Menkeberg arteriosclerosis, mana na nke a, etiti etiti nke akwara ahụ na-ata ahụhụ, nke a na-edobe nnu nnu, a na -ebepu kọlọdile cholesterol na akwara vaskụla ọfụma (ọ bụghị igbochi).

Atherosclerosis na-emetụta mgbidi nke akwara ọbara, na-ebelata ịdị nkọ ha ma na -eme ka ihe na-egbochi ijeghari ọbara. N'ihi nke a, enwere mmebi nke inye ọbara nye anụ ahụ dị n'ime.

N'oge a, akwara vaskụla atherosclerosis abụghị ọrịa nke ndị agadi. Lifestylezọ ndụ na-adịghị mma, mmega ahụ dị ala, ise anwụrụ, nrụgide, ị excessiveụbiga nri oke oke na mmanya na-eduga n'eziokwu ahụ na atherosclerosis nwere ike ịmalite site na afọ 30-35.

Atherosclerosis - gịnị ka ọ bụ

Ọkpụkpụ nke atherosclerosis na-esonye na imebi ihe na-agbanwe akwara nke arịa ahụ, nrụrụ ya, na-ebelata oghere nke lumen, ma, ya mere, imebi ikike nke ịmịnye ọbara.

Okwesiri iburu n’uche na otutu ndi ọrịa anaghi a attentiona nti na ihe izizi akaghi aka nke anakpokorosis na ischemia, dika:

• arụmọrụ belatara
• ike ọgwụgwụ
• anya ntughari
• ncheta
• mkpụkpu ume
• obi ọgba aghara,
• tachycardia, wdg.

A na-ekwupụta ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ihe mgbaàmà na nsonaazụ nke ịrụsi ọrụ ike na enweghị ụra.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị ọrịa na-ebu ụzọ gaa dọkịta naanị mgbe mgbaàmà nke ọrịa na-esite na atherosclerosis nke arịa na-amalite imebi ndụ ha nke ukwuu (enweghị ike ịrị steepụ na-enweghị oke ume, tachycardia na mmetụta nke ikuku adịghị na izu ike, enweghị ike ịkwaga onwe ha n'ihi ukwu mgbu, wdg).

Ischemia ụbụrụ nke na-adịghị ala ala nwere ike iduga tinnitus, mbelata dị ukwuu na ebe nchekwa, mgbanwe na psyche, gait dit na coordination, wdg Ndị okenye na-elegharakarị ihe mgbaàmà a anya, na-ekwupụta ihe ngosipụta nke ụbụrụ estchemia n'ihi vaskụla atherosclerosis na mgbanwe senile.

Ihe na-akpata Atherosclerosis

Iji kpasuo mmepe nke ogwe osisi n’ime akwara vaskụla nwere ike:

• ọrịa autoimmune (infillration nke vaskụla mgbidi site na macrophages na leukocytes pụtara),
• ofufe ọrịa (nje, nje, wdg),
• imebi usoro antioxidant,
• ọgba aghara nke homonụ (homonụ gonadotropic na hoenocorticotropic homonụ na-akpalite ịrị elu nke cholesterol synthesis),
• congenital ntụpọ nke vaskụla mgbidi,
• nleghara anya nke lipoproteins na mkpokọta LDL na VLDL na mgbidi nke arịa ọbara.

Ihe ndị dị ize ndụ maka mmepe nke vaskụla atherosclerosis:

Ihe ihe egwu a na - achịkwaghị achịkwa maka mmepe nke vaskụla atherosclerosis bụ ndị a na - agaghị enwe ike ịmegharị. Ha nwere ike inye aka na mmepe nke atherosclerosis, mana na enweghị ihe ndị a na-achịkwa, ha anaghị ebute mmepe nke ọrịa ahụ.

Maka mmepe nke atherosclerosis vaskụla, njikọta ọtụtụ ihe n'ihe egwu dị mkpa.

Nke a pụtara na, ọbụlagodi ihe ga - egbochi ihe banyere ọrịa na atherosclerosis, enwere ike izere nnukwu nsogbu ma ọ bụrụ:

• Biekwa ndụ zuru oke (ịmega ahụike zuru oke, ịkwụsị ị smokingụ sịga na ị alcoholụ mmanya na-aba n'anya, nri nwere ọtụtụ mkpụrụ osisi, akwụkwọ nri, azụ ndị nwere obere abụba na ịmachi oke oriri, ụtọ, wdg),
• onye dibia bekee leghaara anya,
• nyochaa lipid profaịlụ ( cholesterol , HDL, LDL, VLDL, triglycerides ),
• were ọgwụ ndị a gwara gị maka ọrịa ndabere (ọrịa shuga, ọbara mgbali elu, wdg).

Nhazi Atherosclerosis

N'ihi ya, nhazi ọkwa nke atherosclerosis adịghị adị. Enwere ike ekewa ọrịa a na mpaghara na ịkọwapụta.

Ihe kachasị na-emetụta ebe dị iche iche nke atherosclerotic foci bụ:

• arịa ụgbọ mmiri
• thoracic aorta
• arịa na eriri afọ (arịa ụbụrụ nke atherosclerosis),
• arịa akụrụ
• afọ aorta
• akwara ụkwụ.

Atherosclerosis nke thoracic aorta, n'ọtụtụ oge, jikọtara ya na mmebi nke akwara mkpụrụ obi, yana atherosclerosis nke eriri afọ, yana ischemia nke akụkụ ala.

Na enweghị ọgwụgwọ oge na oke triglycerides, yana cholesterol “ọjọọ” (lipoproteins NP na SNP), ana - enweta atherosclerosis. Nke ahụ bụ, paịlị atherosclerotic dị iche iche na-emetụta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ arịa niile.

Dika mgbanwe nke ogwu na akwara vaskụla, usoro nke atherosclerosis ekewa:

• okpokoro ọgbụgba, nke na –eme oge anachibidoro akwara, lipoidosis na liposclerosis,
• mmepe nke atheromatosis na ihe omume nke plas fibrous,
• ọdịdị nke nsogbu nke atherosclerosis (ọnya, ire ere nke okwute, wdg),
• ogbo nke atherocalcinosis (calcification nke atherosclerotic plaques).

Mgbanwe na ogbo nke lipid stains

N'ime ọkwa dolipid nke atherosclerosis, usoro mmebi nke mgbidi ahụ ka na-amalite. Nke mbu, ihe membrane nke intima na abawanye, protein, fibrin, platelet bidoro imubanye n’azu nke arịa (parietal microtubi form).

Mgbe ahụ glycosaminoglycans, cholesterol, lipoproteins NP na SNP na-agbakọ na ọnya. N'ihi nke a, akwara mgbidi vaskụla na-emeghe, na-eke ọnọdụ dị mma maka inwekwu mkpokọ nke LDL na VLDL, cholesterol, wdg.

N'ihi ọnya na-aga n'ihu, eriri na kọlụm na okirikiri nke na-ahụ maka ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe nke arịa ahụ na-amalite na-enwe mmekọahụ nwoke na nwanyị.

Na ọkwa nke lipoidosis, ịba aja na oghere nke oghere akwara ozi na-eduga n'ọdịdị nke egbugbere ọnụ na ntụpọ. Formdị ndị a anaghị arụ ọrụ karịa intima ahụ ma, yabụ, anaghị eduga n'ọgba aghara. A na-etolite agbụ na abụba ngwa-ngwa na arịa thoracic aorta na coronary.

Mgbanwe ndị a na-agbanwe agbanwe na-agbanwe agbanwe kpamkpam yana iji usoro ndụ ibi ndụ nwere ike ịhapụ kpamkpam na-enweghị iduga usoro nke atherosclerosis.

Site na mbido enweghị atụ, lipoidosis na-abanye liposclerosis.

Gịnị bụ liposclerosis?

Site na ọganihu nke liposclerosis, ihe ncheta atherosclerotic na-eto, na-akpata ischemia akụkụ ahụ na anụ ahụ. Ihe onyonyo a na - ahụ anya buru ibu na - adabere na ebe atherosclerosis dị (arịa ụkwara akwara, akwara akwara, eriri afọ, wdg).

Na ọkwa a, paịlị anaghị akwụ ụgwọ, enwere ike ịgwagbu kpamkpam. Agbanyeghị, na ọkwa a, enwere nnukwu ihe ọghọm nke nsogbu, ebe ọ bụ na epekeleghi okwute, enwere ike ịpụ n'oge ọ bụla wee bute n'ọbara.

Ihe ndị a niile na --eme ka ọnọdụ dị mma maka ọganihu nke hemodynamic na ọrịa ischemic, yana mmegharị nke coagulation ọbara na thrombosis na - arụ ọrụ.

Ogbe atheromatosis

N'oge usoro nke atheromatosis, ndagide nke lipids dị n'ime ihe ncheta amalite. Ọzọkwa, eriri collagen na elastin dị n'ime mgbidi arịa ahụ na-emebi.

A na - ekewa ihe dị iche iche na - adịghị mma site na oghere nke arịa site na mkpuchi nke ihe ncheta atherosclerotic (anụ ahụ na - eme ka mmadụ sie ike).

Ọrịa nke atherosclerotic nsogbu

Na mgbakwunye na isi nsogbu nke atherosclerosis - mgbapu nke ncheta ma ọ bụ imebi saịtị ya, na - eduga na nnukwu myocardial infarction, ọrịa strok, ma ọ bụ oke ọgbụgba nke ala ndị ala, a na - akpọ ọnya atheromatous nwere ike ịmalite.

Ọrịa ọnya atheromatous nwere ike gbagwojuru anya site na mgbapu nke aneurysm, thrombosis ma ọ bụ embolus (mgbe agbachapụrụ ọbara ọbara ma ọ bụ ihe dị n'ime ọnya ahụ).

Ọrịa Atherosclerosis

Agba nke mbu nke atherosclerosis bụ asymptomatic. Emechara iberibe oria a na - egbu egbu, ihe mgbaàmà ya na - adabere n'ahụ akụkụ ahụ na - eme ahụ ischemia.

Na arteriosclerosis ụbụrụ, ischemia ụbụrụ nke na-adịghị ala ala na-eduga na mmepe nke mgbanwe ụbụrụ n'ụbụrụ na arụ ọrụ.

Mmepe nke mgbaàmà nke ọrịa na mmebi nke ọnọdụ ndị ọrịa na-eme nke nta nke nta, dị ka nchikota nke lumen arịa na ịba ụba na ischemia.

Mgbaàmà nke mbụ enweghị atụ, pụtara:

• isi ọwụwa
• ibu n’isi
• mgbu
• tinnitus
• ike ọgwụgwụ,
• nsogbu ịrahụ ụra
• Obi erughị ala
• obi erughi ala
• ebe nchekwa na ikike itinye uche.

Dika oganihu nke atherosclerosis na ischemia ụbụrụ apụta:

• nsogbu oculomotor
• okwu adighi ike
• nsogbu nke ịhazi moto,
• nsogbu gait
• Ọdịdị nke ischemic trensient trensient (tupu ọrịa strok, ya na ischemia ụbụrụ na-egosipụta) ga-ekwe omume.

N'ọdịnihu, sonye:

• nnukwu nsogbu uche,
• ịkụda mmụọ
• urinary incontinence
• na-ama jijiji,
• okwu adighi ike
• nwere ọgụgụ isi belata
• si na igwe anụnụ anụnụ
• oké mgbanwe mgbanwe
• mmebi nke anụ ahụ uche,
• mmepe nke oria ischemic.

Ọrịa ọgbụgba nke ukwu aka ekpe bụ ischemia na mmebi nke na-adị n’afọ

Site na mmerụ ahụ na-adị n'afọ, ihe mgbu ma ọ bụ ahụ erughị ala na afọ, agụụ na-agụ agụụ, mmetụta oge niile nke oke ụra na ịmịcha mkpụrụ, afọ ntachi, nwere ike ịpụta. Mgbe i risịrị nri, ihe na-egbu mgbu mgbu bụ ihe e ji mara ya, nke na-agbadata mgbe awa ole na ole gasịrị.

Site na nmeghari nke atherosclerosis na mmụba nke mmerụ vaskụla, sonye na:

• ike adighi ike
• ọdịdị nke ihe mgbu mgbe ị na-eje ije
• ụkwụ jụrụ
• mmetụta nke goosebumps na ịzọ ụkwụ ụkwụ,
• enweghi ntụpọ oge a na -akpagharị akwara ụkwụ na n'okpuru ikpere.
• N ’ụmụ nwoke, ọdịdị nke mmụba mmekọahụ bụ ihe eji mara mmadụ.

Site na ischemia siri ike nke ukwu na ala, mkpịsị aka na marbling nke akpụkpọ ụkwụ bụ ihe e ji amata (edema na hyperemia bụkwa ekwe omume), ọdịdị nke ọgbụgba na ọnya anụ ahụ, mgbu mgbu na izu ike na n'abalị.

Site n'ịbelata mgbasa ọbara ọbara, ọgụ nke ụkwụ na-apụta.

Oria di iche nke atherosclerosis nke ala ikpe azu:

Nchoputa nke Atherosclerosis

Site na ndị na-egosi laabu, ọ bụ iwu ka ịtụle:

• nnwale ọbara dum
• nyocha nke mmamịrị n'obosara, protein kwa ụbọchị na mmamịrị,
• coagulogram ,
• ọbara biochemistry
• profaịlụ dị mma (ọkwa nke lipoproteins VP, NP na SNP, ọkwa nke cholesterol na triglycerides zuru oke) yana ọnụọgụ nke atherogenicity,
• ọbara shuga
• Dabere na njiri mara, nyocha nke profaịlụ homonụ (homonụ thyroid, estradiol , testosterone, wdg).

Emekwara ECG, ECHO-KG kwa ụbọchị Nyochaa Holter , Ultrasound nke akụkụ pelvic na akwara afọ, dopplerography nke arịa nke isi, olu, arịa nke ụkwụ, akwara akwara, wdg.

Enwere ike ịkwado onyonyo magnetik na agbakọ mgbakwunye akụrụngwa coronary (Ca index).

Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ị na - egosi

• dibia bekee (leba anya na onodu nke fundus),
• onye akwara ozi (njirimara nke nsogbu akwara ozi),
• angiosurgeon (maka ọnya siri ike, iji chọpụta mkpa maka ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ) na neurosurgeon (ọ bụrụ na emetụta akwara intracranial),
• kadiologist (maka nhọrọ nke ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ mgbazi nke usoro edenyelarịrị),
• endocrinologist (na njirimara nke ndabere endocrinological pathologies),
• hematologist (maka mgbazi nke coagulograms na mgbochi nke thrombosis n'ihi nhọrọ nke ọgwụgwọ antiplatelet).

Ọgwụ Atherosclerosis

Ejiri usoro ọgwụgwọ nke atherosclerosis na ọgwụ, ọgwụ na ịwa ahụ.

Ndị na-abụghị ọgwụ ọgwụ gụnyere:

• gbadoro ụkwụ na mmanu nri mmanu.
• ịkwụsị ị smokingụ sịga na ị alcoholụ mmanya,
• ịba ụba na mmega ahụ,
• usoro nke ụbọchị, izu ike na ụra,
• ịchịkwa ibu ibu na ibu nwayọ nwayọ
• nyocha nke igbochi mgbe nile nke dibia nwere ihe nlere anya banyere ihe nzuzu, wdg.

Ole ọgwụ ọgwụgwọ dabere ogo ọrịa ahụ. N'ibighi oke nsogbu ọgba aghara dị iche iche na mgbaàmà ọrịa, a na-atụ aro ya:

N'iburu n'uche enweghị atụ, enwere usoro ọgwụgwọ etiological iji belata triglycerides, LDL na VLDL (ọgwụ egbugbere ọnụ), yana ndị na - egbu antiplatelet, iji gbochie thrombosis na mmepe nke atherothrombosis.

Site na ọgwụ ndị na-eme ka anwụ dị nfe pụta, a na-egosi ihe eji eme ọgwụ FA (bile acids), fibrates, statins (simvastatin na atorvastatin).

N'ime ọgwụ ndị na-emegiderịta onwe ha, a na-atụ aro iji acetylsalicylic acid na clopidogrel.

Edebere usoro ọgwụgwọ mmanye nke ihe omumu ihe omumu banyere usoro ọgbụgba (ọgwụgwọ nke ọbara mgbali elu, arrhythmias, mgbazi nke ọrịa shuga mellitus, wdg).

Dabere na ihe ngosi, enwere ike ịkọ ọgwụ atherosclerosis:

• ọgwụ na-ahụkarị microcirculation na ndị na-ahụ maka angioprotective,
• beta-igbochi (propranolol, bisoprolol, wdg),
• anticoagulants (heparin),
• ọgwụ mgbochi na - abụghị ọgwụ steroidal (dịka iwu, egosiri ha maka nnukwu ihe mgbu na ndị ọrịa nwere ischemia dị ala).

A rụrụ ịwa ahụ maka atherosclerosis iji weghachi ọbara ọgbụgba na akwara ischemic, wepu uwe ọbara ma ọ bụ embolus, ịwa ahụ, wdg.

Ihe mgbochi

Ihe ndabere maka mgbochi nke atherosclerosis bụ:

• rube isi na nri cholesterol dị ala,
• ịkwụsị ị smokingụ sịga na ị alcoholụ mmanya,
• njikwa ahụ gị
• njikwa shuga,
• njikwa ọbara mgbali
• mmega ahụ zuru oke.

Mpempe hemodynamic

Ọrịa ọbara mgbali elu na-akpasu mmepe ya. Ọnọdụ nke ịkpụkpọ akwara dị egwu kachasị, ọ bụ n'ime ha ka akwa nchekwa nke vaskụla endothelium (glycocalyx) mebiri emebi n'okpuru nrụgide nke hemodynamic.

N'ime oghere nke arịa ahụ (intima) nwere ike ịnwe ụkọ nke lipoproteins. Mgbe nke a gachara, olulu thrombus ma obu cholesterol na saịtị a. Thrombosis, varicose veins ma ọ bụ thrombophlebitis nwekwara ike ịkpata atherosclerosis. Ihe ọzọ kpatara ya bu vasospasm.

Ọkwa nke nlekọta

Medicine jisiri ike belata ọnụego ọnwụ sitere na atherosclerosis site na ihe karịrị 30%

Nke kacha dị mkpa n'ịgwọ ọrịa bụ ogo nke nlekọta ahụike enyere. Ndị bi na mba nwere oke ọgwụ nwere uru dị na usoro ọgwụgwọ. Dị ka Healthlọ Ahụ Ike Worldwa si kwuo, ihe karịrị nde mmadụ 1 na-anwụ kwa afọ site na ọrịa nke usoro vaskụla na Russia. Nke a dị elu karịa mba Europe.

Ọ dị oke mkpa na ọsọ onye ọrịa na-eleta dọkịta. Usoro ọgwụgwọ oge a nwere ike ịchọpụta ọrịa ahụ na mmalite nke ọdịdị ya.

N'ihe omume ọ malitere ịmalite nke ọma, a ga-atụ aro maka ịgbatị ndụ onye ọrịa ma belata ogo ọrịa.

N'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga, ọgwụ ejirila ihe belata ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị nwụrụ site na atherosclerosis karịa 30%.

Nutrition na Atherosclerosis

A na-ele ụdị nri anya dị ka ihe dị mkpa na mmepe nke atherosclerosis. 20% cholesterol na - abanye nri n'ahụ nri, ihe ndị ọzọ bụ site na sel imeju na - arụ ọrụ.

N'ime sistem okirikiri, a na-ebugharị ya site na iji lipoproteins. A na-ekezi cholesterol ka ọ bụrụ ihe na - emerụ ahụ ma baa uru. N'okwu nke mbụ, anyị na-ekwu maka lipoproteins dị ntakịrị.

Cholesterol bara uru bụ lipoprotein dị ukwuu na-egbochi mgbanwe atherosclerotic na arịa.

Mainzọ kachasị mma iji chịkwaa ọkwa cholesterol gị bụ iri nri dị mma ma belata ị ofụ nri nwere ike ịdị. Ọ dị mkpa iwezuga na nri nke oke abụba na nri ụtọ, yana nri ngwa ngwa. Ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na iri nri protein, mkpụrụ osisi, tomato na akwụkwọ nri.

Na nmalite nke mbụ, imezi ihe na-edozi ahụ na-enyere aka gbochie nsogbu ndị metụtara mgbochi nke arịa ọbara. Mana iji rụọ ọrụ ndị ka njọ, achọrọ itinye usoro agwakọta.

Typesdị omume na ihe ọghọm nke ọrịa obi

Iji belata ohere ọ nwere ike nwee ọrịa obi, a na-atụ aro ka ị kpapụ onwe gị n'ọnọdụ ndị na - akpata nrụgide.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị na-akpata spasms vaskụla bụ ngafe nke nrụgide psychoemotional n'ahụ. Iji gbochie nsogbu metụtara atherosclerosis, hazie ịrụ ọrụ nke akwara ozi.

Ndi echiche sayensi di iche “A” na “B” bu ndi sayensi bu M. Friedman na R. Roseman.

Ihe akaebe nke ha gosipụtara bụ nchọpụta na ndị mmadụ nwere ụdị mmụọ dị iche iche na-anabata ọnọdụ dị iche iche.

Udi nwere ụdị omume “A” gụnyere ndị nwere ọrụ ma na-arụsi ọrụ ike. A na-amata ha site na mkpebi siri ike ha na idozi ha n'ihe gbasara onwe ha. A na-agbatịkwu ụdị ndụ ndị dị otú a.

Otu B gụnyere ndị mmadụ ji mmiri na-egwu mmiri. Ha dị nwayọ maka nsogbu ma anaghị agba mbọ nweta ihe ịga nke ọma na ọrụ ọrụ. Ndi mmadu ndi n’etu “A” kacha enwe mmeghari akwara oria.

Nke a bụ n'ihi ọnụnọ mgbe niile na nsogbu ụjọ.

Ekwesiri icheta na obughi isi ihe n’otu n’otu, kama ihe ha na-eme. Iji belata ohere ọrịa obi na-akpata, a na-atụ aro ka ịpụ onwe gị n'ọnọdụ ndị na - akpata nrụgide ma belata ije ndụ.

Dị Mkpa! Atherosclerosis bụ njirimara ndị mmadụ gbara afọ 55. Mana dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ si kwuo, ọrịa ahụ na-arịwanye elu n'etiti ndị na-eto eto.

Mmega ahụ na ọgụ megide atherosclerosis

A na-ele ndụ anya na-anọkarị otu ebe n’ime isi ihe na-akpalite mmepe nke ọrịa vaskụla. Ọgụ megide atherosclerosis gụnyere iwebata mmega ahụ nkịtị na ndụ kwa ụbọchị. Ihe onyonyo na-emetụta ahụ mmadụ dịka ndị a:

1. Ọrụ dị ka isi ihe kpatara oke ibu. N'ihi ya, akwa ahụ na-ejupụtazi arịa ọbara, na-eme ka mgbochi ha.
2. Arụ ọrụ dị ala na-eme ka metabolism dị nwayọ na-egbu ala, nke na-eduga na mmụba nke cholesterol dị mma n'ahụ.
3. Njikọ Platelet na-abawanye, nke a na-eme ka ohere nke thrombosis belata.
4. Ọkpụkpụ ọrụ nke akwara obi na-arụ ọrụ n'ihi oge mgbali nke ọbara mgbali elu na-adị.
5. N'ihi usoro ndụ ịnọ nkịtị, a na-ahụta mbelata nke ọrụ nchebe nke endothelium. Nke a na-eduga na mbelata nguzogide ha n’ịzobe epekele nke atherosclerotic.

A ga-eji nwayọ rụ ọrụ mmega ahụ. Ibu ibu nwere otu mmetụta na-emerụ ahụ na enweghị ya zuru oke. Ọ dị mma ka gị na ndị dọkịta kparịta ụka gbasara ike ịme ụfọdụ egwuregwu.

Na-adọrọ mmasị! Oge mgbe nile na-apụta tinnitus na mmebi nke ngwa ọrụ vestibular nwere ike igosi mmalite nke atherosclerosis.

Anwụrụ ọkụ na arịa

Nicotine nwere mmetụta dị ụtọ na sistem vaskụla

Ndị na-akersụ sịga nwere okpukpu abụọ karịa ka ndị mmadụ na-ebi ndụ dị mma. Mgbe ị na-a smokeụ sịga, anwụrụ na-egbu mmiri na - abanye n'ime ahụ mmadụ. Nicotine nwere mmetụta dị ụtọ na sistem vaskụla, n'ihi ntọhapụ nke norepinephrine na adrenaline.

Carbon monoxide, nke anwuru anwuru anwuru, na-edochi oxygen, na-eme ka okuku oxygen na-ebido niime ahi. N'ihi ya, ọrụ mgbasa na-akawanye njọ. Mgbidi akwara ahụ na-adị gịrịgịrị, na-aghọrọ ihe ndị dị na mpụga. Site n'ị smokingụ sịga ruo ogologo oge, ihe ize ndụ nke thrombosis na mmepe nke ọrịa strok na-abawanye.

A na-achọpụta prognosis dị njọ ọbụlagodi na mmadụ a smụghị sịga karịrị 1-2 kwa ụbọchị.

Kedu otu esi emeso atherosclerosis

Nke mbu, agha megide vaskụla atherosclerosis pụtara mgbanwe dị egwu n'ụzọ ndụ. Na mmalite ọrịa ahụ, nke a na - enyere aka igbochi nsogbu ahụike. Isi usoro nke igbochi na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa gụnyere:

1. Nri oriri nwere oke abụba juru afọ. Anaghị eri anụ, abụba ngwa nri na obere kalori na nri. Ọ dị mkpa ijide n'aka na a edụbigara vitamin C, B, E, na A afọ ojuju mkpa ayodiin na-enyere aka ịhazi njikọ homonụ nke thyroid.
2. Nọgide na-ebi ndụ dị mma pụtara ịkwụsị ị drinkingụ mmanya na ise siga.
3. N’ibubiga ibu ókè, ị ga-eji nwayọ nwayọ belata, na-ahụ usoro nke nri dị mma na ịme egwuregwu. Ndị ọkachamara na-atụ aro ịga ọdọ mmiri ma na-eme yoga. A na-egbochi ike Ikike.
4. Nyochaa ọbara mgbali mgbe niile. Maka nzube a, ekwesịrị ịzụta tonometer. Iji hazie nrụgide ahụ, a na-eji ọgwụ pụrụ iche eme ihe, nke kwesịrị ịdị nso mgbe niile.
5. Ọ dị mkpa inye onyinye ọbara mgbe niile iji chọpụta ọkwa cholesterol.

Patientsfọdụ ndị ọrịa chọsiri ike mụta otu esi emeghachi omume na mgbanwe ọrịa vaskụla atherosclerotic site na usoro ndị mmadụ. Ndị dọkịta ekwenyeghị ụdị ọgwụgwọ a. Alternzọ ndị ọzọ na - enyere aka belata ntakịrị ihe mgbaàmà, mana naanị ọgwụ ga - eduga nsonaazụ a chọrọ.

Iji belata cholesterol, a na-ewere statins. N'ime ọgwụ ndị kachasị dị irè na nke oge, Rosuvastatin na Atorvastatin dị iche. A na-ahọrọ usoro ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ niile n'otu n'otu, dabere na mgbagwoju anya nke usoro ọrịa ahụ.

A na-eji usoro ịwa ahụ mee ka ọbara dị ọcha na-eji ngosipụta akpọrọ nke atherosclerosis. Ihe ngosiputa maka aru oru a bu ndi a:

• oke ụfụ na mpaghara arịa arịa nwere ntụpọ na ije ogologo oge,
• guzobe trophic ọnya na gangrene,
• mgbu mgbe izu ike.

Enwere ụzọ dị iche iche nke ịwa ahụ. Na imechi oghere nke arịa ahụ, a na - eme endarterectomy.

Dị ka akụkụ nke mmejuputa ya, a na-ewepụ ọbara ọbara na akwara ozi wee wepu cholesterol. Na mgbakwunye, enwere mmetụta na-agbasawanye na mgbidi nke akwara ọbara. N'okwu ndị ọzọ dị elu, a na-eme mkpọtụ.

Thewa ahụ gụnyere imepụta ụzọ ọbara ọhụrụ site na iji grarts.

Zọ ọhụụ nke iweghachi ọrụ mgbasa ọbara gụnyere stenting. N'oge usoro ahụ, akwara vaskụla na-abawanye site na iji ịwa ahụ balloon rọba.A na-etinye ngwaọrụ n'ime ebe nsogbu ahụ, nke na-egbochi arịa ahụ imechi ọzọ.

Ọgwụgwọ atherosclerosis ga-akachasị nwee ọfụma ma nwee usoro agbakwunyere. Ọ dịkwa mkpa bụ nchọpụta oge a. Ọ gụnyere tomography, ultrasound, MRI, na nyocha ọbara biochemical.

Mmechi

Ọgụ megide atherosclerosis gụnyere mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ

Atherosclerosis bụ ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala nke enweghị ike iwepụ kpamkpam. Mana enwere ohere iji belata ogo ọrịa ma gbochie mmepe nke nsogbu ahụike n'ọdịnihu. Ofgwọ arụmọrụ dabere na ntabi anya nke ihe ndị etinyere ma na-agbaso nkwenye ahụike.

Ise siga bụ onye iro nke arịa ọbara Nke 1

N'ikwu okwu banyere ọgụ megide atherosclerosis, mmadụ agaghị akwụsị ịkọ otu n'ime isi ihe kpatara ya - ị smokingụ sịga. Anwụrụ anwụrụ ọkụ anwụrụ anwụ na-eme ọ bụghị naanị na-eme ka ihe ọ bụla ghara ịrịa kansa nku, kamakwa ọ na - enwe mmetụta dị oke njọ na steeti arịa. Dị ka arụ ọrụ nkịtị, ise anwụrụ ọkụ na-abawanye ohere nke ịmịcha ọbara ma na-egbochi ike nke endothelium iguzogide atherosclerosis.

Emebere ya na ndị na-ese anwụrụ ihe karịrị okpukpu abụọ na-anwụ site na nkụchi obi ha karịa ndị na-anaghị akersụ sịga. Ọzọkwa, ajọ usoro a na-emetụta ndị niile na-ese anwụrụ, ọbụlagodi ndị na-a smokeụ sịga 1-4 kwa ụbọchị.
Ọ bụrụ n’ịchọrọ ịmata otu esi egbochi atherosclerosis ma ka na-a toụ sịga, ihe mbụ ị ga-eme maka ahụike gị bụ ịkwụsị ị smokingụ sịga.

Gịnị bụ atherosclerosis?

Mgbe mmadụ zuru oke, ọbara na - arụ ọrụ nke usoro akwara ọbara na - efe ya na oke ọsọsọsọ dị na ahụ mmadụ. Ọ na-aga, dị ka na nnukwu akwara na veins, na obere capilla. Site na nsonaazụ a, enwere nri zuru oke na oxygen ruo ọbụna ebe anụ ahụ dị anya.

Otu ihe pụrụ iche nke ọbara, bụ haemoglobin, na-ebugharị ikuku oxygen n'ime ahụ niile.

Ọ bụrụ na enwere mmebi ọ bụla na ụdị biochemical nke plasma, yana nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ gbasara ọbara, mgbanwe mgbanwe metabolic nke protein, carbohydrates na abụba na-apụta.

Akụkụ nke cholesterol n'efu na plasma na-abawanye, a na-emerụ ogo nke liheids na nke na-abụghị atherogenic. Atsta abụba na-emegide atherogenic na-ebelata ma abụba atherogenic na-abawanye.

Ọ bụ kpọmkwem otu ihe biochemical dị na plasma ahụ na-emesị na-eduga na nchịkọta nke ihe ndị atherogenic na linin endothelial. N'akpokọta, abụba na-abụkarị ihe ncheta pụrụ iche, nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu kpatara oke ọrịa obi.

Na mbu, ihe ncheta ahu anaghi emebi emebi. Ma mgbe oge gachara, ọbara ọgbụgba na-eso mee ka a hụ ihie obere ihe n’elu mkpụrụ ahụ. Site na ntụpọ ndị a, a na-ewepụta protein pụrụ iche nke na-akwalite chemotaxis nke platelet ọbara.

Eletriki ọbara, ma ọ bụ platelet, bụ ihe akụrụngwa na-akpata coagulation ọbara, yana thrombosis.

Platelet ịdebere na ihe e dere ede na-emepụta ezigbo thrombus. Ọkpụkpụ ọbara, n'aka nke ya, bụ bọmbụ oge.

Ntọala Asherosclerosis

Nkewa nke anakpo anakpore atherosclerosis n’usoro oria bu ndi WHO putara uzo di iche iche.

Formdị ọgba aghara akwara dị iche iche, nke gụnyere ọbara mgbali akwara, spasm nke arịa anginal.

Ejiri ụdị diski dysmetabolic n'ọrịa dịgasị iche iche nke metabolism abụba.

Formdị endocrine ọgba aghara n'etiti obi ụdị a bụ ọrịa dịka ọrịa shuga.

Ejiri ụdị ngwakọta a mara site na mmepe ahụ n’etiti ọtụtụ nsogbu n’otu oge

Dabere na nkọwapụta usoro a, a na-amata ihe ndị a:

1. Usoro metụtara akwara akwara, nke bụ ụdị ọrịa ọria.
2. Usoro a nwere ọnya mbụ nke aorta na ngalaba ya.
3. Usoro na-etolite na akwara ụbụrụ.
4. Atherosclerosis nke akwara nephrotic.
5. Usoro metụtara akwara akwara.
6. Atherosclerosis nke akwara aka nke ukwu, ọ na - emebi endoarteritis.

Ha na-ekekwa usoro dabere na usoro mmepe nke ọrịa. Ificationdị nhazi ọkwa a, enwere:

• na mbido,
• latent frasi
• Oge ezigbo mgbaàmà ọrịa.

Na mpaghara ọ bụla nke ọrịa, ụfọdụ usoro ihe omimi nke usoro ahụ malitere:

1. Na ogbo nke mbụ, ischemia anụ ahụ dị nkọ pụtara
2. Na nke abụọ, a na-achọpụta mgbanwe necrotic
3. Na ogbo akụkọ ikpeazụ, usoro ntanetị na-apụta.

Dabere na usoro ọgwụgwọ, a na-ahọpụta usoro nke ngaghari, mgbaghara na iwe.

N'iji ihe omimi ihe omimi, a choro nhazi nke ozo banyere mgbanwe nke atherosclerotic dabere na mgbanwe nke mgbanwe morphological:

Akụkọ ndị na - agụ akwụkwọ anyị

Bịa ọbara mgbali elu n’ụlọ. Otu ọnwa agaala kemgbe m chefuru maka mgbali elu. Ehee, ole m nwara ihe niile - ọ nweghị ihe nyeere aka. Ugboro ole m gara ụlọ ọgwụ, mana a gụpụtara m ọgwụ na-enweghị isi ugboro ugboro, mgbe m laghachitere, ndị dọkịta kwọọrọ ya. N'ikpeazụ, anagidere m nrụgide ahụ, yana ekele gị niile. Onye ọ bụla nwere nsogbu nke nrụgide kwesịrị ịgụ!

• ogbo nke dolipid gbanwere n'ọbara osisi,
• usoro egbugbere ọnụ
• sclerosis nke usoro ndu,
• oge nke atheromatosis.

Na ọkwa nke ikpeazụ, ihe ncheta cholesterol na-aza.

Atherosclerosis bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ nke nwere nnukwu ụlọ ọgwụ na akara ngosi. Pathogenesis gụnyere ọtụtụ nnabata nke nkwanye mkpụrụ ọgwụ.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ọrịa ahụ na-egosipụta onwe ya site na nsogbu nke usoro akwara obi. Nke ahụ bụ, IHD, nnukwu ọgbụgba akwara ọbara, ụdị ezughi oke na-etolite. Mmepe nke ịrị elu na-abawanye na ọbara mgbali bụkwa ihe e ji mara.

N'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, akwara thrombosis nke mesenteric vaskụla nke na - ebute mgbu afọ na-esonyere ya mgbe ụfọdụ. Ọkpụkpụ nke atherosclerosis bụ ịmụba mkpụrụ nke aorta na vaskụla nke akwara.

N'ihi mbibi arịa nke akụrụ, necrosis nke akwara gbasara akwara na akwara vaskụla na-eme.

Na-alụ ọgụ megide vaskụla atherosclerosis

Olee otu esi emeso atherosclerosis?

Ọ bụ ndị ọkachamara n'ọrịa obi na dọkịta na-awa ahụ na-ebu agha a.

Ọgwụgwọ ọrịa a kwesịrị ịbụ ihe zuru oke na ebumnuche ya n’onwe ya bụ igbochi ọtụtụ nsonaazụ na-adịghị mma.

Ọ dị mkpa na ịbịarute ọgwụgwọ nke ndị otu ọrịa agadi.

Na usoro ọgwụgwọ, a na-eji ọgwụ ọgwụ ndị a:

1. Nke pụtara ihe metutara metabolism, ya bụ, ọgwụ nke ihe ọ pụtara bụ ọkwa cholesterol na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ na-adịghị mma. Statins bụ ọgwụ dị mma nke nwere ike ịkwalite ogo ndụ onye ọrịa. Mgbe ụfọdụ, n'iji ọgwụ ndị ọrịa ogologo oge, myalgia na-enye nsogbu.
2. Niacin na-emetụta ụda ụda akwara ọbara, ma na-eme ka ha zuru ike.
3. Nitroglycerin na - enye gị ohere iwepu akara nke ọrịa obi.
4. Ọgwụ na-ebelata ọbara mgbali elu.
5. Cardiotonic

Site na iguzogide ọgwụgwọ na-achọghị mgbanwe, onye dọkịta na-awa ahụ na-abanye ikpe ahụ. Enwere ike inye onye ọrịa ahụ:

• passgabiga arịa ahu emetutara na ntinye ya na akpukpo ahu di n'ime ya, n'ihi nke etoliteworo uzo ohuru, ma nyeghachi oburu obara n’azu,
• vaskụla ngwụsị akwara,
• opekata mpe arụ angioplastic arụmọrụ, nke a na-eme site na iwebata catheter n'ime arịa akwara ụkwụ nke anụ ahụ.

N'okwu nke abụọ, a na-achịkwa usoro ahụ site na ndekọ vidiyo endoscopic. Mgbe o rutechara ebumnuche ahụ, a na-asacha arịa ahụ, ma na - eweghachi ọbara ọbara na akpaghị aka.

Mgbochi nke atherosclerosis

Mgbochi nke atherosclerosis gụnyere ọtụtụ usoro dị mkpa.

Nke mbu, a na-adụ ndị ọrịa ọdụ ka ha gbanwee omume ndụ ha kpamkpam.

Na mgbakwunye, ịkwesịrị ịrịa ahụike zuru oke.

Ihe mgbochi nke abụọ nke atherosclerosis gụnyere usoro ndị a:

1. Ngbanwe nke ihe oriri na ntinye n’ime nri nke nkpuru osisi, nri ọka, nke eji eri nri, ma ewezuga nke nri a nụchara anụcha, nri dị mma, oke nnu na nnu nke ukwuu.
2. Wekpụrụ ịdị arọ bụ ezigbo ihe dị mkpa, n'ihi na oke ibu na mgbanwe n’usoro iwu na-akpalite ịda mba na etiti ọbara na mpaghara ịgba, na-emekwa kawanye mmiri ọgwụ kemịkalụ nke ọbara. Iji felata na-enweghị ibu maka ahụ gị, ịkwesịrị ịmalite iri nri kwesịrị ekwesị na mmega ahụ physiotherapy.
3. A na-ahọpụta mgbatị ahụ na-adabere na ọdịmma onye ọrịa yana ụdị ọgbọ ya. Dabere na nchọpụta nke ndị ọkachamara si gburugburu ụwa, ọrụ mmega ahụ a na-eme kwa ụbọchị na-ebelata ihe ọghọm thrombogenic nke ụbụrụ na obi ọtụtụ ugboro iri.
4. Na mgbakwunye, iji gbochie nsogbu, onye ọrịa nwere ike iji usoro ụlọ, dịka izu ike onwe, ịhịa aka n'ahụ, infusions nke ọgwụ ọgwụ.

Dabere na ọmụmụ, mgbochi ga-eme n'ọdịnihu dị nso ga-eji ọgwụ mgbochi monoclonal mee ihe.

A na-ahọpụta usoro mgbochi site n'aka dọkịta nke ndị ọrịa bịara.

Ọria obi na ọrịa strok bụ ihe kpatara ihe dị ka 70% ọnwụ niile dị n'ụwa. Asaa n’ime mmadụ iri n’agha na-anwụ n’ihi akpachiri akwara mkpụrụ obi ma ọ bụ ụbụrụ.

Nke kachasị dị egwu bụ na ọtụtụ mmadụ anaghị echedị na ha nwere ọbara mgbali elu. Ha na-atụ uche ohere iji dozie ihe, na-egbu onwe ha ọnwụ.

• Isi ọwụwa
• Obi palpitations
• Nwa ntụpọ n'ihu anya (ijiji)
• Ndị na-enweghị mmasị, iwe, ụra
• Ọhụụ
• Ọcha
• Ike ọgwụgwụ
• Okpo ọnụ nke ihu
• Ugwu na agbaze mkpịsị aka
• Nrụgide gafere

Ọbụna otu n'ime mgbaàmà ndị a kwesịrị ime ka ị chee echiche. Ma oburu na enwere uzo abuo, mgbe abuo imela - enwere obara mgbali elu.

Kedụ ka esi agwọ ọbara mgbali elu mgbe enwere ọnụọgụ ọgwụ dị ukwuu na-efu nnukwu ego?

Ọtụtụ ọgwụ agaghị arụ ọrụ ọ bụla, ụfọdụ nwere ike imerụ ahụ! N'oge a, nanị ọgwụ ọgwụ ndị Ministry of Health na-atụ aro maka ịgwọ ọbara mgbali elu bụ nke a.

Nye Institutelọ nke Cardiology yana Ministry of Health, na-arụ ọrụ a “ na-enweghị ọbara mgbali elu". N'ime nke ọgwụ ahụ dị EGO, ndị niile bi n’obodo na mpaghara!

Atherosclerosis: nhazi ọkwa, ụdị dị iche iche, ọgwụgwọ

Elọ Akwụkwọ Mmụta nke steeti “Mmelite nke ndị dọkịta” nke Ngalaba Ahụike na Ọha na Ọha nke Chuvashia

Ọrịa ọnya atherosclerotic na ọrịa mgbasa ọbara bụ otu n'ime ihe na-akpata ọnwụ. Ọ bụ ya mere a na-eji ntị dị ukwuu n'ọmụmụ ihe ya na ịchọta usoro ọgwụgwọ dị mma. Nkewa nke atherosclerosis buru ibu, o gbasara ihe na-akpata ya, N'ezie, nkebi na ịkọwapụta ọnya nke atherosclerotic.

Aboldị metabolic

A na-akpọkwa ụdị a alimentary. Atherosclerosis na-etolite n'ihi mmebi nke carbohydrate ma ọ bụ abụba metabolism. Nke a na - eme nri site na nri adịghị mma yana ọfụma ma ọ bụ n'ihi ụkọ mineral na nri.

Nke a gụnyere atherosclerosis kpatara nsogbu autoimmune - hypothyroidism, ọrịa shuga mellitus, ma ọ bụ mbelata ọkwa nke homonụ mmekọahụ.

Dị agwakọta

Njikọ nke hemodynamic na metabolic na-akpata atherosclerosis na-akpata ụdị ngwakọta nke ọrịa ahụ. Usoro ndị na-akpalite atherosclerosis yiri ajọ ihe gburugburu. Ọkpụkpụ ọbara akpụpụtara na-eduga n'ọbara ọrịa ma na-emetụta metabolism n'ụzọ dị njọ.

N'aka nke ya, metabolism abụba na-adịghị mma na-eduga n'ịba ụba coagulability ma, n'ihi nke a, na-akpalite nguzobe ọbara.

N'ime eriri nke arịa ahụ, abụba abụba na ntụpọ na-amalite etolite - ihe ndị ga - eme ka ọdịnihu nke atherosclerotic.

Ma abụba mara abụba - nke a abụghị ọrịa, n'oge a ọnọdụ a na-enyefe onwe ya nke ọma na mgbazi, na-emetụta nchọpụta mbụ.

Ofdị atherosclerosis site na nsonye

Nkewa ọzọ kewara atherosclerosis na ọnya ọnya:

• akwara ọbara atherosclerosis (na-emetụta arịa ọbara nke obi),
• ụbụrụ (na-emetụta ụbụrụ akwara),
• na - ekpochapụ ọrịa nke akụkụ ala ahụ,
• ọnya aortic
• atherosclerosis nke akwara akwara,
• atherosclerosis nke akwara brachiocephalic,
• otutufo atherosclerosis.

Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere akara nke ya, prognosis na N'ezie.

Atherosclerosis nke akwara ọbara

Akara oria atherosclerotic nke arịa ọbara nke obi bụ ọrụ ogologo oge (zoro ezo). Ihe karịrị otu afọ nwere ike ịgafe site na mmalite nke mmalite rue mmalite nke ihe ncheta atherosclerotic "nke zuru oke".

Oria nwere ike ibia ma oburu na obara na - emeghari n’ime ya nke mere na amamịghe akwara nke obi. Ọ na - esonye na mwakpo angina, arrhythmias, ọzịza nke ụkwụ. Ọrụ nke aka ventricle nke obi na-ebelata, oke ahụ na-abawanye. Ihe kachasị dị njọ na-akpata bụ infarction myocardial.

Atherosclerosis nke akwara ụbụrụ

E kewara atherosclerosis na nkebi (ma ọ bụ ogo mmebi):

• mbido, mgbe ihe mgbaàmà gosipụtara n’okpuru mmetụta nke ihe ndị na-akpalite, nsogbu ndị ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ na okike,
• na ọkwa nke abụọ, ndị metụtara ihe na-esonye na nsogbu arụ ọrụ, na ngosipụta nke ọrịa ahụ na-adịgide karịa,
• A na-amata ogo nke atọ site na ischemic ọgụ, na-eduga na necrosis nke akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ụbụrụ na ọnwụ nke ọrụ ha.

N'ime ihe mgbaàmà bụ isi bụ enweghị mmetụta uche, ụra na-adịghị mma, ebe nchekwa belatara na ikike ọgụgụ isi. N'ihi ya ọrịa strok, paresis na ahumkulị nwere ike ịmalite.

Atherosclerosis nke arịa nke ụkwụ

Isi ihe na - akpata nkụda mmụọ na ọrịa ọnya ụkwụ bụ varicose veins na ọrịa shuga mellitus. Nkịtị cholesterol na - ejikọ akwara akwara. N’agba nke mbido, akara dịka ọnụọgụ na ọgbụgbọ na mpaghara ala. Na-esoso esonye nkọwa ọzọ.

Ka obherosclerosis na-anyụpụ, ụcha ụkwụ na-agbanwe - ha na-achazi ọcha. Nke nta nke nta, itolite ntutu n’elu ụkwụ emetụtara na-akwụsị, uto ntu na-akwụsịlata. Na ọkwa ikpeazụ, mpaghara nke necrosis pụtara. Ihe kachasị njọ na-akpata bụ gangrene.

Thoracic atherosclerosis

N'ime aoat thoracic aorta, ihe kachasị emerụ ahụ dị ugbu a - ụmụ nje na nje na-emebi endothelium. N'ebe a, nkwụnye ego kachasị abụba, site na ya nke esiri guzobe atherosclerotic.

N'ihi nnukwu dayameta nke arịa ahụ, ngosipụta nke akwara nke atherosclerosis pụtara tumadi na agadi, mgbe akwara ahụ kwụsịrị ịgbatị ahụ wee na-agbatị n'ihi nkwụnye calcium. Dabere na ebe lumen nke thoracic aorta overlaps, obi ma ọ bụ ụbụrụ na-ata ahụhụ. N'ihi ya, mgbaàmà na-egosipụtakwa.

Atherosclerosis nke eriri afọ

N’ime aorta na –ekere abụọ nnukwu akwara. Ebe a na-akụ ihe bụ mpaghara kachasị amasịkarị nkwakọba akụ na ụba atherosclerotic. Ọ bụrụ na imeghe oghere dị n'akụkụ akwara ndị ahụ, imebi ọbara nye eriri afọ ya na akụkụ akụkụ ahụ ya na-apụta.

Mgbaàmà nke mbụ bụ ihe mgbu "na-awagharị" na-agbanwe gburugburu otube, ibu na-egbu oge na bloating afọ ntachi. Ischemia a na-akpọ intestinal na-esochi oke ihe mgbu, jiri nwayọ na-abawanye nsị nke anụ ahụ, mgbatị nke akwara afọ ma na-enwe ọgbụgbọ.

Nsogbu na-ebute ozu nwoke na nwanyị na-akpata amụghị nwa, na ụmụ nwoke - nsogbu na ndụ mmekọahụ. Atherosclerosis nke eriri afọ nwere oke mmebi nke eriri afọ, mgbochi afọ na ọbara ọgbụgba.

Atherosclerosis nke arịa nke akụrụ

Na ọkwa mbụ nke mmepe nke atherosclerosis, abụba gbara na-apụta na akwara gbasara akụrụ, nke a na-atụzi ka ọ bụrụ ọmarịcha oghere. Ọnọdụ ndị a na-eme na-enweghị akara ngosipụta. Ibe ya na-eji nwayọ kpuchie elu ya, na-egbochi oghere nke arịa ahụ. Ma ọ bụ naanị mgbe ahụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mmeri amalite ịpụta.

Otu n'ime mmetụta kachasị njọ nke akụrụngwa akwara sklerosis bụ ọbara mgbali vasorenal. Ọ gafere ogo 1 ọsọ ọsọ, na-ewere ụzọ agafeghị oke na oke ọbara mgbali elu.

Ọ bụrụ na usoro ihe ọmụmụ jidere akwara abụọ ahụ, ọbara mgbali wee bụrụ nke jọgburu onwe ya. Nsogbu banyere urination, adịghị ike na isi ọwụwa na-esonye na ọnụ ọgụgụ nrụgide dị elu. Ala azụ na afọ nwere ike imerụ ahụ.

Atherosclerosis nke akwara brachiocephalic akwara (BCA)

Ogwe brachiocephalic bụ otu akwara ọbara na-ebute ụbụrụ na ubu n'ubu. Nke a gụnyere ọkachasị akwara carotid, subclavian na akwara vertebral. BCA atherosclerosis bụ otu n'ime ebe ndị na-eduga n'etiti ọrịa ọnya niile na-arịa ọrịa ọdịnala.

Enwere ụdị sclerosis abụọ nke BCA:

• na - abụghị ịgbado ọtọ, yabụ, ibelata oghere nke arịa ahụ,
• ime ihe na-akụda ahụ mgbe arịa jiri 70% mechie ma ọ bụ ihe ncheta atherosclerotic na-egbochi ya kpamkpam.

Nhọrọ a na-ejikọtaghị ọnụ bụ nguzobe oke abụba na akwara ndị na - eme ka ọbara na - agbadata. Ighapu ihe ncheta nwere ike ibute ya na aru isiri akpukpo aru na obara ma choro nlebara anya nke ogwu.

Nonhe stenotic atherosclerosis nke BCA nwere ike ịbụ asymptomatic, ebe ihe na-erughị 50% nke dayameta nke arịa ahụ na-egbochi.

Ma ọ bụ ọ nwere ike bụrụ ihe mgbaàmà na onye ọrịa anaghị etinye oke mkpa na - ike ọgwụgwụ, ndọpụ uche, dizzness, ọnụ nke mkpịsị aka.

Ka osila dị, ka oge na-aga, akara ngosi ahụ na-akawanye njọ. Nke a pụtara na usoro ahụ na - agbadata ma na - agbadata ma gafere na ọkwa itisa.

Multifocal atherosclerosis

Yabụ na ọgwụ ka a na-akpọ site na atherosclerotic ọnya nke akwara ndị ahụ. Ọrịa akụrụngwa na-ejide ọdọ mmiri niile. N'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkara nke ikpe, ya na njirimara doro anya adịghị eso ya, nke a bụkwa ihe ize ndụ kachasị nke ụdị multifocal.

Na mbu, oria a di otu ebe, were nwayọ were akwaaji akwara akari. Ọ bụ n'oge a bụ mgbasa anaghị egosipụta ihe ọ bụla akọwapụtara ọ bụla. Nke a bụ n'ihi mmeghachi ahụ na-echebe ahụ, nke na-emepụta ihe ndị na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na-agbapụta maka mmiri ọbara - njikọta. Ọ bụrụ na netwọọ akwara vaskụla "nke zụrụ azụ" nke ọma, oge asymptomatic dị ogologo.

Mana site na mgbasa nke atherosclerosis, njiri mara agwa nke mebiri coronary, akwara ụbụrụ na arịa ọbara nke ụkwụ na-amalite ịpụta. Niile nsonaazụ ndị na-eso ya akọwara n’elu.

Nkewa dabere na ICD-10 na A.L. Myasnikov

N'ime nhazi ọrịa na mba niile, atherosclerosis na-ekekarị oge ma ọ bụ ọkwa nke mmepe:

1. A na-akwụghachi usoro mmụta ahụ n'ụzọ zuru oke site na ntinye nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ahụ. Ihe mgbaàmà nwere ike ime naanị na nzaghachi na nrụgide anụ ahụ siri ike. Ntinye ume dị mkpụmkpụ, nkụda mmụọ, paresis nke obere nwayọ na-apụta.
2. Nkwụghachi ụgwọ ezughi ezu na-amalite na ọkwa nke abụọ nke ọrịa ahụ, mgbe a hụrụ ihe mgbaàmà ya n'agbanyeghị mmega ahụ.
3. Egosiputa usoro ga - ejikọ ya na izu ike, njupụta afọ, edere n'ụtụtụ. Nke a pụtara na ahụ na - efunahụ ihe nchekwa ya.
4. A na-egosipụta ọkwa nke decompensated site na ọbara ọgbụgba dị ụkọ, mmiri ọgbụgba na anụ ahụ ischemic. N’ime akụkụ ahụ metụtara, nnukwu ihe mgbu na-amalite. Ọkpụkpụ mgbochi na-ebelata ma na-eme ka ahịhịa nje pathogenic rụọ ọrụ.

Ọkpụkpụ akwara mkpụrụ obi Soviet A.L. Myasnikov wepụtara atherosclerosis n'otu ụzọ ahụ, na-akọwa usoro dị n'ime arịa ndị ahụ:

1. Oge rue mgbe ọrịa a na-eme onwe ya ka ọ dị. Enwere ike ịchọpụta mgbanwe naanị site na nyocha nke ihe eji eme ihe.
2. Abụba ndị a na-esite na arịa ndị ahụ malitere iwanyere ọkụ, saịtị ndị ahụ nke ọnya na-ejupụtakwa anụ ahụ na-ejikọta, na-akpụ ụfụ. Oge ischemic nke ọrịa a na-abịa. Ọkpụkpụ akwara akwara dị, ọbara na arụ ọrụ akụkụ ya na-emebi emebi.
3. Ọkpụkpụ ọbara na-apụta na ntụpọ mara abụba, na-akpụ akpụ ọbara ma ọ bụ embolus. Ha na - ejidata oghere arịa. Onwe ihe egwu di na onwa nke thrombus. A na-akpọ ogbo ahụ thrombonecrotic. Ihe ọghọm nke nkụchi obi na ọrịa strok na-abawanye.
4. A na-ahụ ọkwa nke sclerotic site na ịmalite ọnya na saịtị nke mbufụt nke mgbidi vaskụla. Akpụ akwara enweghị ike ịnagide nri nke akụkụ ahụ, ischemia na necrotization nke anụ ahụ ha na-eme.

Agba nke mbu nke atherosclerosis - ịkpụbe oke abụba - nwere ike ibido mgbe ọ dị obere. Elegharala ihe ịrịba ama mbụ ya anya. N'oge a, a na-agwọ ọrịa kpamkpam. Ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-eme ka a na-achịkwa usoro ahụ, atherosclerosis agaghị enye nsogbu ọbụna na nká.

Mgbanwe ndị dị a occuraa na-eme na mgbidi nke nkwụ ọbara?

Pathogenesis nke ọrịa bụ mmebi nke nguzobe lipoproteins dị ala (LDL) na njupụta dị elu (HDL). Ha na-ebufe cholesterol maka nhazi n'ime ụdị nọ n'ọrụ ka o nwee ike banye na njikọ nke homonụ na phospholipids nke ahụ. Ma ọ bụrụ na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti HDL na LDL mebiri emebi dị ka 4 ruo 1, enzymes ojiji na-ada ma abụba na-emerụ ahụ na-abanye na ọdọ mmiri na-ekesa.

N'otu oge ahụ, ụdị ụgbọ elu dị elu na-ebu ibu na-ebugharị akwara ma ọ bụ wepụ ya n'èzí.

N’ewezighi ezi uche, ọ na - amalite ileghara ya anya, yabụ metabolites na - egbu oge oge niile, ọkachasị n’ime choroid - nke a bụ pathophysiology nke usoro ahụ.

Mmepe nke mgbanwe a na - agbanwe agbanwe anaghị aputa ihe ozugbo; lee ihe edoziri edobere usoro anya:

• Dolipid ogbo. Ugbu a enweghi mbibi ma ọ bụ aghara aghara dịka ndị a, naanị ntakịrị obere mucoid, hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol dị elu n'ọbara) yana ịba ụba nke ihe mgbochi nke sel sel. Ma ugbu a, ihe ndị dị ize ndụ - oke ibu, ọrịa shuga, ọrịa thyroid, ị smokingụ sịga, ụdị ndụ na-enweghị isi, ọbara mgbali elu - na-amalite ime ka ọnọdụ ahụ ka njọ na ihe niile na-abanye n'ọgbọ ọzọ.
• Li Liidid, lipoidosis. Mgbe abụba batara na sel, ọ na-efunahụ ọrụ ya ma ọ zaghị azịza ya nke ọma. Shei fụrụ akpụ nwere ugbua foamy, ebe ana-akpọ sel ahụ xanthoma, nke sụgharịrị dịka "edo edo." Iji anya gba ọtọ, ị nwere ike ịchọpụta ntụ ọka na iyi ndị na-ekpuchi arịa ahụ. Ọbụlagodi na ọkwa a, enwere ike ibuso ọgụ dị mma ọgụ megide atherosclerosis na usoro ọgwụgwọ. Mgbochi ga - enye aka ịghara ichere maka mmepe nke usoro pathologies.

Agba nke ikpeazụ bụ atheromatosis na nsogbu ndị ọzọ. Mgbe infiltrate ahụ abanyelarị n’ime sel, usoro nzaghachi nke anụ ahụ na-amalite, nke ga-eme ka usoro ahụ ka njọ. Mpempe akwụkwọ Plalet na saịtị nke atherosclerosis na-eduga na thrombus na mịnye ọbara ọzọ, na-ebelata lumen.

Mkpụrụ nke fibrin filaments n’ụzọ a na-apụghị izere ezere na-eduga ná nbibi nke anụ ahụ pụrụ iche nke na-adọba ụgbọ ahụ, ma n’ọnọdụ ya, enwere akwara na - ejikọ ahụ ọnụ. N'ihi nke a, etinyere ntọala nwere ike iji mmiri nnu si na sọlfọ wụpụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọrịa ịwa ahụ. Imebi arịa ahụ dịkwa ka o kwere omume, nke n'ihe banyere nnukwu ọwara caliber, dị ka aorta, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọnwụ na - eduga na ọnwụ.

Ikekwe ọnya ọnya ahụ.

Usoro nhazi nke n'oge a nke atherosclerosis

Nkewa a dabere na usoro idebe ihe ncheta.

Nsonaazụ na ọgwụgwọ dabere na ebe isi elekwasị anya.

Ekwesịrị ịtụle mpaghara nsonaazụ mgbe ị na-achọpụta nsogbu.

Isi ebe mmebi gụnyere:

1. Aorta. N'okwu a, akwara kasịnụ bụ arịa nke ahụ mmadụ. N'ihi nke a, ọ na-efunari ike ọ na-agbanwe, ike ọ nwere ịzaghachi n'ezoghị ọnụ maka mgbanwe ọnụọgụ obi na ọbara mgbali. Mgbidi ahụ siri ike ma sie ike. Ọtụtụ mgbe, site na ụdị ọrịa a, nrụgide dị ala, diastolic na-ebili, n'ihi na iguzogide usoro ọbara na-asọ elu na-abawanye. Ihe nwere ike isi na ya pụta bụ ọbara ọgbụgba, akwara ozi ya na nkwarụ ya.
2. Ọkpụkpụ akwara ọbara. Ndị a bụ arịa ndị na-azụlite obi - otu n'ime anụ ahụ riri oke n'ihe banyere nri na ikuku oxygen. Mgbe mgbasa ọbara n'ime myocardium belatara, hypoxia na-abawanye, na-abanye na mbibi ischemic. Nke a na - ebute nnukwu ọrịa nke ndị agadi - infarction myocardial.
3. Ụbụrụ. Ọ bụrụ na atherosclerosis emee na ọdọ mmiri nke akwara ma ọ bụ carotid akwara, yana akwara vertebral, ha na-ekwu maka n'ụbụrụ ya. Mgbaàmà na nke a agaghị egosipụta onwe ya ngwa ngwa, mana ụjọ na - eyi n'isi, ụra, nhazi, ọrụ ọgụgụ isi. Mmetụta Thrombogenic nke oghere atherosclerotic nwere ike ibute ụbụrụ thromboembolism, ọnya ischemic.

Ọzọkwa, otu n'ime mpaghara mmebi bụ arịa nke ụkwụ. Atherosclerosis obliterans nke ala nsọtụ na-ewetara onye ọrịa ahụ nnukwu erughị ala n'ihi nrịba mgbu mgbu ya.

Physiology bụ mkpochapu acid nke akwara site na akwara nke ụkwụ, nke emepụtara ka arụ arụrụ aka rụpụtara ọrụ. Nke a bụ lactic acid. Onye ọrịa dị otú ahụ enweghị ike ije ogologo ije n'ihi ihe mgbu na-enweghị ike ịfefe mgbe ọ kwụsịrị.

N'okwu ndị dị elu, ihe mgbu na-adị n'elekere ma na-akawanye ike n'abalị, na-ekpuchi ọbara n'ọbara na-acha ọbara ọbara na ọnya ọbara.

Na mbu, nke a bụ ihe na - egosi mbepụ, mana ugbua enwere ụzọ endovaskụsị ọhụụ iji gbochie necrosis anụ ahụ dị nro.

Akụkụ nke ọrịa ahụ na mmebi akụrụ

Ikekwe mmepe nke ọrịa na usoro akwara nke akụrụ.

Arteriarenalis, nke na-eburu ọbara nye akụrụ, nwere otu mgbali ọbara kachasị mkpa iji nọgide na-enwe nzacha nkịtị. Ya mere, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-ata ahụhụ mgbanwe ọrịa.

N'ime ọnọdụ a, ọbara ọgbụgba vasorenal na - ebido - mmụba kwụsiri ike na ọbara mgbali elu. Ọrịa dị otú ahụ bụ ịdọ aka na ntị mbụ banyere mmepe nke atherosclerosis nke akwara gbasara akwara.

O nwekwara ike imetụta akwara mesenteric. Thrombosis nke arịa ndị a jupụtara n'ọbara nke na-enye afọ iri nri na-enweghị mgbagha na-eduga na nnukwu mbufụt septik - nsia na nsia.

Ihe ịrịba ama nke mbụ nke ọrịa ahụ bụ "afọ ime" "oke mgbu n'ime afọ, nke yiri colic.

N 'ọnụọgụ nke ọnya ahụ, klaasị dị ka ndị a:

• Ekwesịrị igosipụta nke ọma (ihe ruru 6% nke ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi ahụ dum, ruo 12% nke mpaghara endothelium, na ruo otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ogologo ka a gụnyere na usoro pathological).
• O siri ike (ihe na-erughị 50% nke obosara mgbidi ahụ metụtara).
• Mkpọsa (infiltration banye n'ime ihe karịrị 50% nke ọkpụrụkpụ, n'otu n'otu).

Cliniclọ ọgwụ ahụ ga-ekpebi etu ihe ọgbụgba ischemic si mebie.

Dabere na data ndị a, nhazi ọkwa ụlọ ọgwụ dị ka ndị a.

Mgbanwe na akụkụ ahụ ndị dị mkpa adịghị mkpa, mana a na-ahụ ebe mpaghara mebiri emebi. Ọrịa siri ike, ọbara na-asọ n'okpuru nkịtị.

Dabere na ọnụnọ nke thrombosis, enwere necrosis nke obere na nnukwu nha, ngosipụta nke ụlọ ọgwụ site na mmebi nke akụkụ ahụ ndị metụtara, ihe mgbaàmà akpọpụtara. Ọkpụkpụ akwara anụ ahụ na akwara nke na - anaghị ala ala. A na-ahụ nkọlọ n’elu elu ha, ọbara na-efe efe na stroma, parenchyma.

Ọgwụgwọ na mgbochi ọrịa

Tupu ị kpebie usoro nka ma gwọọ onye ọrịa, ọkacha mara iwu nyocha ụlọ nyocha na akụrụngwa pụrụ iche.

Ha na-enye ohere iji nakọta ozi zuru oke banyere mmepe nke ọrịa ahụ.

N'ime usoro nyocha chọpụta ebe dị, ogo mbibi yana data akụkọ gbasara ahụike ọ bụla dị mkpa.

A na-eme nchọpụta ọrịa n'ụzọ ndị a:

1. Nchịkọta data, mkpesa ndị ọrịa na nyocha niile.
2. Nnyocha ọbara biochemical iji chọpụta mkpokọ cholesterol, HDL, LDL, chylomicrons, na-ekesa triglycerides kpamkpam, akara ngosi nke mmebi nke akụkụ ahụ (akpa ume, umeji, akụrụ, obi, ụbụrụ).
3. Ultrasonography (ultrasound) na-eji mmetụta Doppler. Zọ a na - eme ka o kwe omume ịchọpụta mmalite nke ihe ncheta ahụ, ogo mmepe ya, ịkọwapụta ya, ọkwa stenosis, uru ọbara na-agba, ọsọ ya, na ihe ọmụmụ ọbara.
4. Ọkpụkpụ ụbụrụ dịka nkwadebe maka ịwa ahụ, n'ihi na site na ya, a na-ahụ ihe ndị dị iche iche gbasara ihe otu akwara dị n'ọbara dị.
5. MRI anụ ahụ.

Ọ bụrụ na usoro nke ọrịa ahụ dị n'oge, mgbe ahụ ọbụna mgbochi nwere ike inwe mmetụta. Ọ gụnyere ịkwụsị ị smokingụ sịga, iri oke antioxidants n'ụdị vitamin, eriri, prophylactic iji obere mmanya iji gbarie oria atherosclerotic, mmega ahụ kwesịrị ekwesị iji meziwanye mgbasa, ọgwụgwọ nri, ịmachi abụba na nnu na nri, yana iji ọgwụ ndị ọzọ na-agwọ ya. tinctures na decoctions.

Ọ bụrụ na ọrịa ahụ agaala ma nwekwaa ọtụtụ nsogbu, mgbe ahụ, a na-eji ọgwụ ndị dị otú ahụ:

• Ihe choputara cholesterol (cholestyramine).
• Ndị na - egbochi ịrekọ ọrụ na inyefe cholesterol n'ahụ (Simvastatin, Atorvastatin, Lovastatin) bụ ọgwụ ọgwụ a na-ejikarị nwere nnukwu ihe akaebe.
• Mkpali nke metabolism na excretion nke cholesterol site na ahụ (Essentiale).
• Ọgwụ na-ahọrọ obere triglycerides ọbara (Fenofibrate, Nicotinic acid).
• Antioxidants na-egbu egbu (tocopherol - vitamin E, ascorbic acid - vitamin C).
• Antioxidants na-apụtaghị ìhè (methionine, glutamic acid).
• Angioprotector (Prodectin, Dicinon, Quertin).

Wa ahụ maka ịgwọ ọrịa atherosclerosis na oke nke puru omume nwere ike wepụrụ onye ọrịa ahụ ọnọdụ dị oke egwu, na-eme ka ọ hapụzie ịchịkwa nri na idobe arịa ọbara na nkịtị. Gerywa ahụ bụ balloon angioplasty ma ọ bụ stenting.

A tụlere ihe kpatara na nhazi nke atherosclerosis na vidiyo n'isiokwu a.

Ofdị atherosclerosis na mpaghara emetụtara

Nhazi usoro kachasị dị oke mkpa na ọgwụ gbasara ọrịa ọnya anụ arụ bụ site na nsuso ha. Otu ihe dị iche iche ma ọ bụ ụdị ụgbọ dị iche iche na-eji mara ha mkpesa ụfọdụ, ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa ahụ, yana njiri mara ya na ọgwụgwọ.

Ọ dị mkpa icheta na "sclerosis" na "atherosclerosis" mbụ bụ ihe abụọ dị iche.

Ọkpụkpụ sclerosis bụ nnọchi nke otu akụrụngwa maka akwara njikọ, nke na-enweghị ike ịrụ ọrụ ụfọdụ ma mechie ntụpọ nke mpaghara.

Atherosclerosis, n'aka nke ya, bụ usoro vaskụla nke na-esite na nkwonkwo akwara na-eduga na i guzobe oghere nke cholesterol.

Inbụrụ na olu

Site na ntinye a, akwara ndị ọzọ, nnukwu arịa nke olu, na-abanye na arịa ụbụrụ na akwara vertebral na-emetụta n'ụzọ bụ isi.

Enwere ike igbochi oria, isi mkpesa a ga - enwe nkụ mmụọ, ịla ala, nsogbu ịrahụ ụra, akpọnwụ nke anụ ihu, mmebi nke ihu na ihu ihu, mmetụ nke “ịma jijiji”, nkụ na-akụ afọ. Ọrịa ahụ nwere ọkwa atọ gbasara mmepe ya.

N'ime usoro mmalite, ihe mgbaàmà na-apụta naanị n'ihi ihe ndị na - akpata ya (n'okpuru ọrụ siri ike na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ nke uche, yana ọgụ nke ọbara mgbali elu). Na ọkwa nke abụọ, a ga-achọpụta ọrịa a kpamkpam - mgbanwe ndị dị na akwara ozi a na-ekwupụta nke ukwuu, na mgbaàmà ya na-ahụkwa ya ọbụna mgbe izu ike.

Agba nke ato nke ọdịdị oke nsogbu - mwakpo dịtere aka, ihe ọghọm nke ịmalite ọrịa ischemic na-abawanye.

Ọkpụkpụ aka na elu

Dabere na ụfọdụ ndị ọkachamara, atherosclerosis nke ala ma ọ bụ nke ikpeazụ na-abụkarị ihe a na-ahụkarị. Formdị ọrịa a na-ahụkarị maka ndị nwere ọrịa shuga mellitus ma ọ bụ veins varicose veins. Site na ọrịa ndị a, ọtụtụ ọrụ akwara na microcirculation na-ama jijiji. Na pathogenesis nke atherosclerosis nke akwara ụkwụ, ọnya akwara akwara akwara na ọnya ọgbụgba azụ (ọrịa Lerish syndrome), n'ihi nke akụkụ ala ahụ anabataghị obara zuru oke. Maka akụkụ dị elu, saịtị a na-ahụkarị nke atherosclerotic ọnya bụ akwara ndị nọ n'okpuru subclavian.

Ọrịa na-amalite nwayọọ nwayọọ. Omume asymptomatic mmalite, mgbe ahụ enwere mmebi nke inwe uche, mmetụta nke oyi na aka, akaji, ọnya, na mmepe nke ọrịa, agba nke akpụkpọ ahụ nke ụkwụ nwere ike jiri nwayọ gbanwee. Dabere na ịdị omimi ọnya na ogo ngosipụta nke ọrịa ahụ, ụdị a nke atherosclerosis nwere nkebi anọ.

• Agba mbu. Walkinggagharị enweghị ihe karịrị otu kilomita. Mgbu na aka na ụkwụ pụtara naanị mgbe anụ ahụ gbasiri ike.
• Agba nke abụọ. A na - ekewa ya ụzọ abụọ: a) ije ije na - adịghị egbu mgbu site na mita 250 ruo otu kilomita (nke dị mma) na b) ije ije na - enweghị mgbu site na 50 ruo 250 m (enweghị mmasị).
• Agba nke ato. Nke a bụ ọkwa nke usoro ischemic akpọrọ. Mụ na ya, ọbụladị ije ije, ihe na-erughị mita 50, na-akpata mgbu, ahụ erughị ala na ihe mgbu na izu ike ga-ekwe omume.
• Agba nke anọ. Ọ bụ ọkwa nke atherosclerosis nke akụkụ ahụ dị ala, ebe mgbanwe mgbanwe na-enweghị mgbanwe na akụkụ ahụ na-etolite. A na-etolite mpaghara necrotic, nnukwu ihe egwu nke gangrene.

Site na ụdị atherosclerosis a, ọnya ahụ dị na arịa nke kachasị nke anụ ahụ - na aorta. N'ihi obosara nke arịa a, ọbara mgbali elu na ọsọ ọsọ ọsọ, mgbaàmà nke ọrịa anaghị ebido ozugbo. Ọ bụrụ n’usoro dị n’ime afọ ma ọ bụ thoracic, akara ga-abụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị. Ọ bụrụ na ihe a na-elekwasị anya dị na obi ma ọ bụ na njiko, mgbe ahụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mmebi ga-esite na ọkara ahụ dị elu - isi, olu, aka, na obi. Na mgbakwunye, usoro atherosclerotic nwere ike isi na thoracic aorta gaa na mgbidi nke aortic na mitral valves.

Ọ bụrụ na atherosclerosis etolitela na mgbidi nke eriri afọ, mgbe ahụ ọ gafere n'ọdịdị mgbaasị, akara ga - abụ ihe mgbu mpaghara, eriri afọ, ọrịa dyspeptik, mmenaanya, nsogbu ahụ ike nke mgbidi afọ. Nke a bụ n'ihi mmebi nke nnabata ọbara na-abanye na eriri afọ ya na akụkụ akụkụ ahụ ya. Ọrịa ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ ọbara afọ, ọnya afọ, mgbochi.

More banyere atherosclerosis nke thoracic na abdominal aorta

Ọkpụkpụ akwara obi nke obi

Site n'ụdị atherosclerosis a, ihe a na-elekwasị anya na ọrịa a bụ na akwara ndị obi. A na - ebelata akwara nke obi ike, ischemia na, n'ihi ya, ọrịa obi na-ekweghị ala ala. Mgbaàmà ndị a na-ebute ahụ na-egbu mgbu na sternum, na-eme ka ogwe aka ekpe, ubu ubu na ala ala nke agba agba. A na-akwụsị ihe mgbu iji nitroglycerin.

Usoro mmepe nke atherosclerosis nke akwara akwara bụ otu ihe ahụ na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. Site na mmeri ha, ihe kachasị akpụ akpụ bụ ọbara mgbali vasorenal. Akụrụ bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke sistemụ renin-angiotensin - otu usoro ọmụmụ nke na-achịkwa ọbara mgbali. Ọ bụrụ na ọ gbagote n'ike, akwara akwara na-anabata nke a ma bido usoro ịkwụ ụgwọ iji belata ya. Ma mgbe ọrịa atherosclerosis na-emetụta usoro akwara vaskụla nke akụrụ, ike a pụrụ iche nke ịhazi oke ọbara na-ala n'iyi.

Ọ bụrụ na pathology etolite na naanị otu akụrụ, mgbe ahụ nke abụọ, ahụike, na-enye obere ohere nchekwa maka ahụ ma na-eburu ọrụ nke onye na-achịkwa ọbara mgbali ọbara. Ọbara mgbali elu na-adịgide, ọ bụ ezie na ọ tolitere, mana ọ nwere ọnụọgụ dị ala, agafeghị oke na enwere ike ịgwọ ọrịa ọgwụgwọ. N’ọnọdụ ọzọ, mgbe a metụtara akụrụ abụọ n’otu oge, ọnọdụ ụlọọgwụ na-esikwu ike karị - ọbara ọgbụgba na-aghọ nke a na-achịkwaghị achịkwa, jọgburu onwe ya ma sie ike ikpezi.

Ọrịa akwara Carotid

Ọtụtụ mgbe, atherosclerosis na-apụta ebe bifurcation - branching nke nnukwu arịa. N'ebe ndị dị otú ahụ, a na-enwe vortex na ọgba aghara nke usoro ọbara, nke na-atụnye ụtụ na itinye cholesterol n'ahụ mgbidi yana impregnation nke endothelium. A mara ya na akwara carotid kewara ngalaba abụọ - nke dị na mpụga. N'ebe a na-eme ngosi ahụ, usoro atherosclerotic na-amalitekarị.

Mgbe usoro izizi nke mmepe nke ọrịa na-amalite, ihe mgbaàmà mbụ nke ịba ama malitere ịmalite. Ha yiri ihe mgbaàmà nke atherosclerosis nke akwara ụbụrụ. Nke mbu, enwere mkpesa nke sisitemu na - akpata ntị na anya, tinnitus, isi anụ ahụ na isi, isi ọwụwa na nkụ.

N'ime akpa ume, usoro nke atherosclerotic na-ebido n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na akwara akwara. Yabụ, mgbasa ọbara n’obere okirikiri na-enwe nsogbu, ọbara mgbali elu na-apụta.

Isi ihe mgbaàmà nke mpụta mbụ nke ọrịa ahụ bụ ume mkpụmkpụ nke iku ume, mgbu obi, ụkwara na-adịgide adịgide nke etiology na-edoghị anya, ike ọgwụgwụ, adịghị ike, na cyanosis nke anụ ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na enweghị ọgwụgwọ zuru oke na oge, njikwa nwere ike ịmalite.

Akwara akwara Brachiocephalic

A na - ezo aka na ọnya Atherosclerotic ọnya brachiocephalic na ụdị ọrịa ahụ. Akpụ akwara nke mpaghara a na-abanye na akwara olu na n'ubu wee na-ebute ụbụrụ, anụ ahụ nke dị n'elu akụkụ ahụ, yana akụkụ akụkụ nke obi. N'ihe banyere ihe jupụtara ebe niile, ụdị a atherosclerosis nwere usoro izizi. A na - ekewa usoro nchọpụta a ụzọ abụọ - stenosing atherosclerosis nke BCA, nke stenosis nke lumen nke arịa karịrị 50%, na - abụghị stenotic - karị, mgbe oghere nke arịa ahụ karịrị ọkara n'efu.

Nondị anaghị agbazi mgbe niile ga-eji nwayọ nwayọ banye na stenosing. Onye na-egosipụta usoro a ga - abụ ihe iwe na ihe ngbanye nke mgbaàmà. Mgbe ikike nke arịa ahụ nwere nsogbu ọfụma ma nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ e kenyere ya, mgbaàmà ya adịkwaghị ma ọ bụ na-enweghị ihe ọ bụ, na-elebara onwe ha anya.Ike ọgwụgwụ mgbe nile, enweghị uche na ntinye uche, iwe ọgbụgba, na -eme ka ọnụnọ nke aka aka, olu na ihu - ihe ndị a nile nwere ike ịpụta nke enweghị atherosclerosis nke akwara akwara akwara.

Epe ntị

Mgbe mgbe usoro nke abụọ. Egosiputara ya site na negosi irisi, mgbe akwara nke nti nke nti nti ihe kariri ọkara. Njikọ ya na atherosclerosis nke ụbụrụ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, yabụ mkpesa ahụ ga-adị.

Mgbaàmà na-eduga bụ tinnitus, enwere ike ịnwe isi ọwụwa, nkụda mmụọ, isi nri, na ehighị ụra nke ọma.

Retina

Mmeri nke atherosclerosis nke akwara azụ bụ ihe e ji amata ọnụnọ ọrịa dị ka ọbara mgbali elu ma ọ bụ ọrịa shuga mellitus. Na nyocha nke fundus, akàrà, network vaskụla na-emebi emebi, na okpu nke calibers dịgasị iche iche ekpebisila. Nke a bụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na akwara vaskụla nke retina bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ nwere oke ọgbụgba akwara olu metụtara. Atherosclerosis nke mmepo ocular n'ọtụtụ oge bụ nke abụọ.

Ihe mgbaàmà ndị bụ isi bụ mbelata nke ọdịdị ihu anya yana mmetụta “foogu” n'ihu anya.

Ihe mgbaàmà nke isi atherosclerosis nke akwara ozi (eriri afọ) bụ:

• Ọrịa mgbu na-ewulite elu ma ọ bụ etiti nke atọ nke mgbidi ihu. Karịsịa akpọpụtara mgbe eri. Oge - ihe karịrị otu elekere.
• Ihe mgbaàmà dyspeptik. Ejiri omume ya - na ụfọdụ ndị ọrịa, a na-egosipụta ya site na afọ ntachi, na ndị ọzọ - afọ ọsịsa.
• Dombara n’afọ.

Site na nsonaazụ nke atherosclerosis na eriri afọ, mgbaàmà na ọgwụgwọ yiri nke ndị na-emebi emebi na akuku afọ.

Mkpị

Atherosclerosis nke arịa ndị a na - egosipụta onwe ya bụ ndị na - akọwapụtaghị nke ọma site na usoro ọmụmụ nke usoro ọmụmụ.

N'ihi ọbara ọgbụgba dị ụkọ akwara akụkụ nwoke amụ, amụghị amụ, ihe mgbochi nke njikọta ihe nwoke na nwanyị, yana mbelata nke ọgbụgba ruo na enweghi ike pụrụ ịmalite.

Otutu otutu ogwu

Ihe eji mara otutu ihe bu oria a bu ihe ndi mmadu mebiri emebi n’otu akwara. Enwere ike ijikọ mgbaàmà, njiri mara nke mpaghara ọ bụla.

A na-ahọrọ ọgwụgwọ n’otu n’otu.

Nkewa site Alexander Myasnikov

A. L. Myasnikov bụ onye ndu Soviet nke na-arụ ọrụ ọkaibe, onye n'ọtụtụ ọrụ sayensị ya, mụrụ ụdị ọrịa atherosclerosis. Ọ wepụtara usoro ọgwụgwọ ọrịa akwara a na-adabere na usoro na-esite na akwara ndị ahụ.

Isi ya ndumodu ndị a:

1. Oge mbu nke oria bu ihe nlere. Mgbaàmà anaghị adị, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe na - enweghị ike ịchọpụta usoro pathological site na ụzọ usoro ma ọ bụ nke anụ ahụ. A na-egosipụta mgbanwe ndị a na-egosi naanị na nyocha ụlọ nyocha na data nyocha ngwa.
2. Ọkpụkpụ abụba guzobere n'ime arịa ndị ahụ na-ebute mbufụt mpaghara. Iberibe akụkụ ahụ ndị ahụ na -akpata vaskụla na-amalite ime ya ngwa ngwa, a na-ehiwe ọnya anụ ahụ na - ejikọta. A pụkwara ịkpọ oge ọrịa a "ischemic." Ikike ịdị nkọ nke mgbidi akwara na-ebelata, inye ọbara na microcirculation ji nwayọ na-agbagha.
3. Igwakọta nke Thrombotic na-agbakọta n'ime mpaghara ọgbụgba nke akwara umeji, kọlesterol ọhụrụ na nnukwu akụkụ ọbara na-agbaso. Clotkpụrụ ọbara bụ isi. Site na mgbanwe mgbanwe metụtara akwara (ọbara ọgbụgba n'ọbara, ọnọdụ na - akpata nrụgide), enwere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ nke iwepụ arịa ahụ na nkewa nke ọbara a - mpụta mbụ nke nkụchi obi ma ọ bụ ọnya ọbara.
4. Agba nke anọ dịka A. Myasnikov kwuru natara aha "sclerotic." N'oge a, a na-eji ntụpọ ejikọtara ọnụ dochie mgbidi akwara amụba.Mgbe nke ahụ gasị, arịa ndị emetụtara nwere ike ha agaghị enwe ike ịrụ ọrụ dịịrị ha kpamkpam - usoro ischemic na necrotic na-apụta na anụ ahụ ha.

Kedu ụdị nke atherosclerosis na-enye nkwarụ

Isi ihe na-egosi nkwarụ bụ ọnọdụ mmadụ tụfuru ikike nlekọta onwe ya, ruo nkwarụ. Dabere na ogo nkwarụ, a na-ekewa usoro nkwarụ ụzọ atọ.

Na mmebi vaskụla ụbụrụ, ekenyela ndi nwere nkwarụ n'okwu atọ:

• bya eworu mkpụkpu,
• ọrịa ụkọ ọbara na-akpata
• site na mmepe nke aortic stenosis ma ọ bụ aneurysm nke gbara ya na atherosclerosis.

Ọnọdụ ndị a ọ bụla siri ike ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ nwee nkwarụ ga-ekwe omume.

Atherosclerosis bụ ụdị ọgwụgwọ ụkọ ọbara na-adịghịzi ike. ukwu aka. Nkwarụ ahụ ọ dabara na nke a, na otu esi ahazi ya? Ee tọrọma ọ bụrụ na ọrịa ahụ na-aghọ dịghị nchịkwa na mgbagwoju anya site oké ọnọdụ. Ndị a gụnyere ikpochapụ usoro akwara ụkwụ, nkụchi obi, ọrịa mgbu, microstroke, na ọnya afọ. A na-ekpebi ndị nwere nkwarụ ahụ n'otu n'otu ma hazie ya dabere na akaebe na mwepu nke dọkịta na-aga.

Enweghi ike ịlele ngwa ngwa karịa ịgwọ ha. Ọ dị mkpa ịgbaso nri ziri ezi, na-ebi ndụ na-arụ ọrụ mkpanaka, na-enyocha ma lelee ahụike gị anya. Ngwa ngwa achoputala oria, karie ihe nlere maka ọgwụgwọ ya.

Nkuzi na pathophysiology / Pathophysiology nke atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ nke akwara nke mebiri emebi nke akwara ndị ahụ ma gosipụta site na nkwenye nke lipids, carbohydrates dị mgbagwoju anya, cholesterol, ihe ndị metụtara ọbara, kalsia na ịmụba nke anụ ahụ (ndị ọkachamara nke Healthtù Ahụ Ike Worldwa). Atherosclerosis bụ ụdị usoro akachasị arụmọrụ na - emebi arịa dị iche iche na - emetụta akwara. Atherosclerosis bụ ihe juru ebe niile na Europe na North America, ọ dịcha obere na Africa na Eshia. Dabere na I.V.Davydovsky, usoro a na-amalite n'oge nwata. Usoro atherosclerotic na-emetụta arịa nke dayameta dị iche iche (site na aorta ruo capillaries). Fibrosis ma ọ bụ calcification nke ọbara ọbara ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-amalite, ha na-abụ ndị ọzọ ok, kenkuwa, ha elasticity na-emebi. Vesselsdị ụgbọ mmiri ndị a enweghị ike ịza nke ọma maka ihe dị iche iche ma gbanwee akụrụngwa arụmọrụ ha. Na njedebe, arịa ndị a na-emechi, ischemia, hypoxia, infarction myocardial na-etolite. Ọrịa ndị dabere na usoro atherosclerotic bụ ihe kachasị akpata nkwarụ na ọnwụ.

Usoro maka mmepe nke atherosclerosis

Nnyocha emere na narị afọ nke 20 banyere ọmụmụ nke atherosclerosis emeela ka mmepe nke echiche dị iche iche na-akọwa usoro mmepe nke usoro a na - akpata.

Iji kọwaa pathogenesis nke atherosclerosis, e kwuwo echiche atọ:

1. Echiche nke hypercholesterolemia

2. Ozi mmakọ

3. Ndepụta nke mmebi mgbidi akwara

Dabere na nchepụta a, mmepe nke atherosclerosis bụ n'ihi nsogbu mgbanwe metabolic na ahụ, nke na-eso akpata mmepe nke hyperlipemia na hypercholesterolemia. Cholesterol riri oke na-ebute ọgbụgba akwara dị n'ime akwara ike, edema, mgbanwe dystrophic na-eto. Na 1912 S.S.Khalatov na N.N. Anichkov weghaara nkuzi nke hypercholesterolemia exogenous. Ha weputara oke bekee 0,5 g / n'arọ nke cholesterol site na inye ha nkochi ime akwa na mgbe onwa ole gasiri, umu anumanu malitere imere atherosclerosis. Nke a bụ usoro nke hypercholesterolemia exogenous, nke usoro mmụta alimentary.Iji kwado echiche a, emere ihe omumu ihe banyere oria a n’etiti ndi mmadu, ihe oriri bu nke nri akuku (India) na nri anumanu (mmiri ara ehi - nke Africa). Nke ikpeazu kpughere ihe na - emekarị nke atherosclerosis. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, 1 gram cholesterol na-abanye n'ahụ ahụ nri, 5 mM / liter dị n'ọbara. Mana ka atherosclerosis tolite, mmadụ ga-eri gram 10 nke cholesterol kwa ụbọchị. Cholesterol nwere ike itolite na ahụ onwe ya (ruo 5 g / ụbọchị). Ya mere, nkuzi nke hypercholesterolemia endogenous bilitere. A na-eme cholesterol n'ime imeju site na protein, abụba na carbohydrates.

Squirrels Krebs okirikiri

Ọkpụkpụ ACetA Fats Ketone

E nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-enyere aka ịba ụba cholesterol. Atherosclerosis bụ ọrịa nke mmepe anya. Ya mere, oke ọrụ na mmepe nke usoro a bụ ihe ndị metụtara mmekọrịta - nrụgide, neurosis. E gosipụtara ọrụ nke ọnọdụ nrụgide n'oge nyocha nke South Koreans nwụrụ na agha ahụ. N'agbanyeghị oke osikapa kachasị na nri ha, achọpụtara mgbanwe mgbanwe sclerotic dị na arịa ọbara. A na-egosipụta ọrụ nke ihe ndị metụtara mmekọrịta site na ịdị ukwuu nke mgbanwe sclerotic na akwara ọbara n'ime ndị bi n'obodo mepere emepe na ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi.

Adrenaline - Adenylate - - cAMP - lipase spasm vasavasorum

lipolysis mebiri emebi nke mgbidi trophic

nkwanye cholesterol na

abụba na-egbu egbu n’ime akwara

Tinyere ihe ndị metụtara akwara na mmepe nke atherosclerosis, ọrụ dị mkpa na-arụ site na nsị nke glands endocrine. Site na mbelata nke ọrụ thyroid, lipolysis na-ebelata ike ma abụba na-agbakọta n'ime ahụ. A na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa site na mbelata nke mmepụta insulin. Na ọrịa shuga mellitus, ịba ụba nke AcCoA na-eme, nke na-akpali usoro nke cholesterol. A na - ebute mmetụta na metabolism abụba na mmepe nke atherosclerosis site na ezughi oke nke gland endocrine ndị ọzọ: gland na-enwe na gland mmekọahụ. Mmepe nke atherosclerosis na-enye aka na arụ ọrụ anụ ahụ, nicotine, ọgwụ.

N.N. Anichkov tụpụtara ozizi a na 1935. Dika nkwenye a si di, mmepe nke atherosclerosis adigh oke na cholesterol dika ya na ya na ezi mgbanwe na cholesterol, nmekorita ya na ihe ndi ozo di n’ime obara.

Njikọ cholesterol na ọdụdụ ọdụdụ

Cholesterol na - ekekọta acid ngwa ngwa ma kee cholesterol. Ọ bụrụ na cholesterol na - ejikọta ya na ọdụdụ abụba nke anụmanụ sitere (palmitic, stearic), mgbe ahụ, a na - ehibe cholesterol esters, ha na - agbasa ngwa ngwa. A acids a na-akpali usoro nke cholesterol endogenous. Mgbe ejiri cholesterol jikọtara ya na abụba na-adịghị eju afọ nke sitere na osisi (linolenic, linoleic, arachidonic), a na-etolite cholesterol esters ngwa ngwa, nke a na-etinye ngwa ngwa ma na-enyere aka iwepụ cholesterol na arịa ọbara. Agbanyeghị, oke oke abụba na - eduga na mkpokọta ngwaahịa ngwaahịa Lipid peroxidation na - emebi mgbidi vaskụla.

Mmekọrịta cholesterol na lecithin (phospholipids)

Nọmalị, ogo nke cholesterol / lecithin "= 1. Atherosclerosis na-etolite ma ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ a na-abawanye. Phospholecitin na-edebe cholesterol n'ime ọnọdụ emulsion ma gbochie ọnwụ cholesterol na endothelium nke vaskụla vaskụla. Emere nke a site na ọnụnọ dị na choline na methionine (chiiz obi, azụ).

Njikọ cholesterol na protein

Mmepe nke atherosclerosis na-adabere na ịta nke lipoproteins (LP) (akụkụ nke alfa na beta). Alfa-LPs nwere abụba 40%, beta-LPs nwere abụba 93%. Beta-LPs gụnyere lipoproteins dị elu (HDL), obere lipoproteins dị ala (LDL), yana obere lipoproteins dị ala (VLDL). Otutu bu LDL na VLDL.Ha na-ebute ụzọ na mmepe nke atherosclerosis. HDL bụ ọgwụ antisclerotic. Ihe mejuputara Beta-LDL nwere cholesterol, enwere acid acid zuru oke, ma adighi nma n’ime phospholipids. Enwere ndị nnabata pụrụ iche maka beta-LDL na vaskụla endothelium. Site na ndị nnabata ndị a, LDL na-abanye na sel, na-abanye lysosomes, ebe ha na-egwu mmiri iji mepụta cholesterol na-enweghị n'efu. A na - echekwa sel ahụ pụọ na cholesterol ngafe: njikọta nke ndị na - anabata beta nke lipoproteins njulata na - agbada, nchịkọta nke cholesterol na - agbadata, akụkụ nke cholesterol n'efu na - abanye n'ọbara. HDL na - enweta cholesterol a, cholesterol na - abanye n'ime imeju, ebe a na - eme ya site na acid.

Beta-HDL enweghị ndị na-anabata ya, mana ha nwere ike wepu cholesterol na ndị na-anabata beta -LDL ma ọ bụ gbochie ha. Nnukwu mmụba na ahụ nke LDL na VLDL. Mbelata nke HDL na-eduga na nchịkọta nke cholesterol n'efu na mmepe nke atherosclerosis.

Hormones na-eme ihe site na beta-HDL. Site na ụkọ nke thyroxine, homonụ mmekọahụ, ọdịnaya nke beta-HDL na-ebelata, atherosclerosis na-amalite.

Ọrụ nke mmebi mgbidi vaskụla

R. Virkhov na nke izizi gosipụtara na mmepe nke atherosclerosis nwere njikọ na mbibi nke isi anụ ahụ na - emetụta mgbidi vaskụla, yana kọlestrọl na calcium na-abanye na mgbidi vaskụla.

Ihe ndị bụ isi na-ekere òkè na mmepe nke atherosclerosis

na mmebi nke vaskụla mgbidi

1. Nzụlite nke mgbanwe atherosclerotic nwere ike ịdabere na hyalinosis nke mgbidi vaskụla, n'ihi impregnation nke mgbidi ya na protin plasma. Usoro mbufụt nwere ike itinye aka na sclerosis nke mgbidi vaskụla.

2. Platelets na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mbufe lipoproteins na sel akwara. N'otu akụkụ, ha na-ebugharị LDL na ndị na-anabata ya ma tinye LDL n'ime sel. N’aka nke ozo, n'ihi mgbanwe nke kemịkal n’ime platelet, LDL cholesterol na - abanye n’ime sel na - agabiga ndị na - anabata ya mgbe ha na - egbochi HDL.

3. Hypoxic mebiri emebi na mgbidi vaskụla

Na hypoxia, mucopolysaccharides acid na-agbakọ na endothelium vaskụla, ọrụ enzymatic nke enzymes lipolytic na-agbagha. Nke a na - eduga n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na cholinesters, beta-LDL na VLDL anaghị agbaji ma na - ebute ụzọ n'ụdị kristal cholesterol. A na-edozi kristal ndị a na mucopolysaccharides acid na endothelium vaskụla, nke na-eduga n'ịbepụta ihe ncheta atherosclerotic. Site na hypoxia, ọrụ fibrinolytic nke vaskụla olu na-ata ahụhụ. Fibrin na fibrinogen na-agbakọ, usoro ịme ọbara, mgbidi vaskụl juputara na nnu nnu. Akara ahụ na - etolite, usoro atherosclerotic na - etolite.

4. Mmebi nke endothelium kpebisiri ike site n'ọkwa nke ọbara mgbali. Site na mgbali ọbara, trauma na vaskụla mgbidi na-apụta. Nke a na - akpata mgbanwe alterative-dystrophic na endothelium ma na - eme ka e guzobe ihe ncheta atherosclerotic.

5. N'okpuru mmetụta nke hypoxia, enwere mmebi nke ọrụ nke enzymes lipolytic. A na-egwu nnukwu ọrụ site na lipoprotein lipase, nke na-agbanwe LDL ka ọ bụrụ HDL. N'ọnọdụ ezughi oke nke enzyme, LDL anaghị abụ metabolized, chịkọbara ma tinye ya na mgbidi akwara.

6. Polysaccharides na mucopolysaccharid acid na-eme ka mmeghachi omume si fibroblasts. Fibroblasts bara ụba na enzymes lipoprotein. Fibroblasts na-enyere aka n'ịmepụta eriri nke collagen. Ayị ndị ahụ siri ike, anaghị agbanwe.

Polysaccharides —— Fibroblasts ——Ferogen

7. Ọrụ nke myocytes. Ejiri myocytes kpuchie ihe ncheta atherosclerotic nke a rụpụtara. Kọfị, mmanya, a neurogenic na-atụle ka ihe uto. Ha nwere ike imeghari akwara akwara, nke na-eme ka ha na-abawanye.

A.N. Klimov weputara ihe banyere ihe banyere oria atherosclerosis.N'ihi mbibi nke mgbidi ahụ, a na-achịkọta beta-LDL na endothelium. A na - akpali hypoxia. Beta-LDL ghọrọ ọbịa, autoantigens. A na-etolite Autoantibodies (site na usoro T na B) megide beta-LDL na usoro physiological nke nzaghachi mgbochi ọrịa (PSIO). Ọrịa jupụtara na ahụaja na akwara vaskụla. A na-emebi endothelium, a na-ahapụ enzymes proteolytic, autolysis (mgbaze onwe) nke mgbidi ahụ. N'oge a, cholesterol, sel ọbara, na kalseliki na-ebute ụzọ.

Autoantigens (beta-LDL) —— PSIO - Autoantibodies —Patoimmune complex

Ejiri oria a ka mmụba dị ukwuu na LDL n'ọbara. Nke a bụ site na ntụpọ sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe na-anabata ndị na-anabata ekwentị na-edozi LDL na onwe ha. Ofdị ihe nketa bụ akara aka akpa. A na-ebute ọrịa ahụ site n'ọgbọ ruo n'ọgbọ. Nchọpụta nchọpụta ahụ dịka 1: 500. Ndị ọrịa nwere nkwụnye ego xanthomatous na anụ ahụ na nkwonkwo, nke na-eme ka mmepe nke atherosclerosis rụọ ọrụ. Ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa hypercholesterolemia ruo afọ iri anọ na-egosi ọrịa obi.

Ihe ga - eme ka ihe mmadụ ketara eketa bụrụkwa ọrịa obi atherosclerosis na - akpata ọrịa sitere na mkpụrụ ndụ enzyme na - agbasa cholesterol. Enzymes ndị a bụ otu nke enzymes lysosomal. Ya mere, enwere ike ịtụle na atherosclerosis bụ otu n'ime ụdị ọrịa ọrịa: lysosomes na-ejide cholesterol na-abanye na mgbidi vaskụla, mana n'ihi oke ego ya, ha enweghị ike ịkwatu ya. Cholesterol na - emeju ahu. Thedọ ahụ na-agbanwe ka akwara nke nwere ike ịdị ukwuu. Ntọala ncheta nke Atherosclerotic pụtara.

.Zọ ahụ. nyocha nke echiche na usoro nke mmepe nke atherosclerosis, ọmụmụ banyere ọrịa na-atụ aro na usoro atherosclerotic kwesịrị ịtụle ọ bụghị naanị nsogbu ahụike, kamakwa dị ka nsogbu usoro ndu niile.

Nnukwu pathogenesis nke atherosclerosis

Ọrịa Neurogenic Hereditary Disorder Endocrine

na-ebute ihe ndị metụtara nri n’arụ ọgụ

Njikere nkwalite Hypercholesterolemia

mgbidi vaskụla na nsonye na imebi protein

Kedu ihe ndị dị ize ndụ maka ịmalite atherosclerosis: ụzọ mgbochi ọrịa

Atherosclerosis bụ ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala nke na-esite n'ọbara metabolic. Ngosiputa mpaghara n’ime usoro a bụ ichekwa akụrụngwa (lipids) n’ime ọbara, yana ịgbanye mkpụrụ ndụ na mgbidi arịa. Ahịrị na - azaghachi na --eme ihe ncheta site na ịgbatị ahụ nke akwara. Nke a na - eduga na-emebi emebi n'ọbara nke ọbara na nnukwu (aorta) na obere arịa.

Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-enweghị ike ikpochapụ arịa nke nkwakọba ego. Ya mere, naanị mgbochi nke atherosclerosis nwere ike ichebe ahụ pụọ na nsonaazụ nke ọrịa ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na ọnaghị, wepu akụkụ nke ihe ncheta ahụ ga - eduga na mgbochi nke akwara pere mpe.

Ihe isi ihe ndị dị ize ndụ maka atherosclerosis

Ọnọdụ maka ịtọlite ​​nchekwa akwara dị ka ndị a: mmebi nke akwa nke ime (endothelium) yana ịrekọta mgbidi nke arịa ọbara, ihe mejupụtara ọbara. Ihe ga-enyere gị aka ịmalite mgbanwe ndị ahụ bụ ihe ndị dị ize ndụ maka atherosclerosis.

Offọdụ ọnọdụ na-emetụta mmepe nke atherosclerosis, mmadụ na-enwe ike ijikwa onwe ya, na-ejighị na ụlọ ọrụ nke ahụ ike. A na-esochi ndị ọzọ naanị site na nyocha ụlọ ọgwụ. Ihe ndị a na-ahụ anya gụnyere:

1. Okingụ sịga. Nicotine na-egbu mmụọ endothelium nke capilla. Mkpụrụ ndụ ndị mebiri emebi anaghị emepụta MGBE (ihe na-ebuwanye ibu nke arịa ahụ), oghere nke akụkụ akụkụ ahụ nke ọbara na-apụta. Nke a na - ebute mmụba nke ọnụọgụ ọbara mgbali.
2. Ibu oke ibu.Ibu oke ibu na-ebute nsogbu nri, enweghi mmega ahụ dị mkpa, ọrịa shuga na ọbara mgbali elu.
3. Enweghi mmega ahụ - usoro niile dị na anụ ahụ na - eji nwayọ nwayọ, gụnyere mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ na ebumnuche iji belata itinye akwara na uru ahụ.
4. Afọ - ogologo tupu afọ agadi (ụmụ nwoke karịrị afọ iri ise na ise, ụmụ nwanyị - mgbe afọ iri ise na ise) mgbidi akwara ji nwayọọ nwayọọ kwụsị ịdị nkọ ma buru denser.
5. Inwe nwoke na nwanyi - Atherosclerosis na - aputa ihe na otutu ndi nwoke.
6. Akara nketa - ọ bụrụ onye ọrịa ọbara nke akara mbụ nke nwoke n’agbata afọ iri ise na ise (nwanyị - rue afọ 65) chọpụtara ọrịa obi ma ọ bụ vaskụla, nke a na-ebulite ohere nke atherosclerosis. N'okwu a, mgbochi mbụ dị mkpa.
7. Nchegbu Mgbe ị na-enwe mmetụta na-adịghị mma, homonụ adrenal na-akpalite hyperglycemia. A na - eme ka insulin na - abawanye mmeputa insulin iji mezie ọkwa glucose. Ihe abuo a mebiri mgbidi vaskụla, na-akwalite njikọta akwara.
8. Mmanya na - egbu egbu - na aru nwere acetaldehyde, nke na - enyere aka guzobe cholesterol. Mmanya ethyl na-emebi hepatocytes, ya bụ, n'ime imeju, mmeghachi nke neutralization nke ụmụ irighiri akwara dị ize ndụ.
9. Ọrịa obi, ọrịa obi na - efe efe - a na - egosipụta site na ịpị oge, mgbe ụfọdụ ihe mgbu na - egbu mgbu n'azụ sternum n'oge oke anụ ahụ na nke mmetụta uche.

Ihe ndị dị ize ndụ maka mmepe nke atherosclerosis, nke enwere ike mata ya site na ngwa ọrụ pụrụ iche na ụlọ nyocha, bụ ndị a:

1. Ọbara mgbali elu - a na-echekwa ọnụọgụ dị elu n'ihi na akwara arịa mgbe nile, nke na-eduga na ntinye mgbidi ha. Enwere mmerụ nke ọgbụgba ọbara dị n'ọbara mekwaa emebi ahụ.
2. Hyperglycemia - mmụba nke ọbara glucose ọbara na-emebi akwara endothelium vaskụla.
3. Mmụba na protein C-reactive (ọ na-eme ya na usoro mkpali).
4. Mmebi nke egbugbere ọnụ ọbara:
   • abawanye cholesterol,
   • pasent na-abawanye na obere protein lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol dị ala
   • Mbelata pasent na nnukwu protein lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL),
   • mụbaa na triglycerides,

Maka nyocha nke prophylactic, ozi gbasara ogo ụmụ irighiri akwara ọbara ga-adị mkpa. LDL na-ahụ maka ibugharị cholesterol n'ime akwara, na-abawanye nkwụnye ya. Mmụba ha na-enwe echiche na-adịghị mma. Wepu HDL ma ziga ya na imeju ka ọ gbanwee oke abụba na ebusa. Iri ihe ogugu a bu otutu ndi mmadu nwere nsogbu nke oria atherosclerotic.

Atherosclerotic prophylaxis

A na-ekezi ihe ihe egwu niile na - enweghị mgbanwe (ndị mgbochi agaghị enwe ike ịgbanwe) na gbanwee (agbanwere).

Ndị na-abụghị agbanwetu gụnyere:

Ọ bụ n'ihe ndị gbanwere agbanwe ka a na-eduzi mgbochi nke vaskụla atherosclerosis:

• Ndụ ha na - agbanwe (ịkwụsị ị smokingụ sịga, ị alcoholụ ihe ọ alcoholụ alcoholụ na-eme ahụ, imega ahụ zuru oke, ịkpa oke, belata nrụgide)
• mgbazi nke pusipatik nke ọbara (na-agbanwe na profaịlụ akwara, hyperglycemia, mmụba obi).
• njikwa ọbara mgbali elu.

E kewara mgbochi nke atherosclerosis na:

1. Isi - ego ezubere iche belata ikpughe ihe ndị dị ize ndụ maka mmepe nke ọrịa.
2. Sekọndrị - usoro mgbanwe nke ndụ na ọgwụ ndị a họọrọ, ebumnuche nke ya bụ iji belata ohere ọghọm, gbochie nlọghachi, jiri nwayọ mebie arịa ọbara n’ọrịa.

Ejiri mgbochi mbu na nke atherosclerosis mee ka oge dịkwuo elu ma melite ogo ndụ site na igbochi mmepe nke nsogbu.

Ihe mgbochi bụ isi

Ọrụ dị na ngalaba a bụ iji gbochie ihe omume ma belata mmetụta nke ihe ọghọm dị n'etiti ndị mmadụ.Enwere ike ime ya n'ọtụtụ ọkwa:

1. Steeti (na-ekpebi nghazi nke mmemme agụmakwụkwọ ọcha ịdị ọcha nke ndị mmadụ, meziwanye gburugburu ebe obibi, melite ọnọdụ obibi).
2. Mpaghara (nzukọ na ọkwa ụlọ ọgwụ, ụlọ ọgwụ, nkesa):
   • na-eji akwụkwọ mmado, tebụl, akwụkwọ nta, mkparịta ụka ha na nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe,
   • nyocha ahụike na ọgwụgwọ nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa mellitus, ọbara mgbali elu.
   • mgbazi nke dyslipidemia.
3. Onwe ya (odi nkpa ka mmadu ghutara ibu ọrụ maka onodu ahu ike ya):
   • ịkwụsị omume ọjọọ (ị drinkingụ mmanya, ise anwụrụ),
   • ezigbo ihe oriri
   • mmega ahụ zuru oke
   • njikwa ibu (ịgbakọ usoro ihe n’arụ dị, dabere na usoro ma ọ bụ jiri ihe ntanetị).

Ihe mgbochi nke abuo

Ọrụ nke mgbochi a bụ ịkwụsị ọganihu nke ọrịa dị adị, iji gbochie nlọghachi na nsogbu. N'oge a, ihe egwu nke nsonaazụ na-adịghị mma dị elu, yabụ, a na-eji usoro ọgwụgwọ maka mgbazi (a na-ekpebi mkpa ha site n'ihe ize ndụ nke ọnwụ dabere na tebụl SCORE). Na-ejighi ọgwụ, ihe egwu nke nsogbu bụ 10% na afọ mbụ, yana nke ọ bụla na-abawanye site na 5%.

Nkwadebe, udiri ubochi nke na - egbochi nsogbu nke atherosclerosis:

• akpụ akpụ - ọgwụ iji belata cholesterol ọbara,
• ọgwụ antihypertensive - na njikọta (diuretic, beta-blocker na ACE inhibitors) maka ịchịkwa ọbara mgbali zuru oke,
• acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) - iji mee ka ọbara sie gị ike, belata ihe ize ndụ nke nnukwu nsogbu.

Dabere na atụmatụ a, mgbochi nke atherosclerosis yana ọbara mgbali elu n'oge agadi.

Atherosclerosis na-akpalite ihe na-emekwa ka ị nwekwuo ohere ibute ọrịa ndị ọzọ nke usoro obi. Yabụ, a gha achịkwa mmetụta ha, belata ogo ikpughe ahụ mmadụ (ọkachasị exogenous).

Ọ dị mkpa ịmalite ịmalite ọrụ na ọrụ ibi ndụ: lelee usoro nke nri dị mma, gbanwee ụdị mmega ahụ na-adịkarị, ma belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọnọdụ nrụgide. Ọ bụrụ na usoro a na-arịa ọrịa na-akawanye njọ, ịkwesịrị ịgụta mgbazi ọgwụ iji nweta njikwa kachasị.

Nkwanye ọgwụ na ọgwụ maka mgbochi na nke abụọ nke atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis bụ ọrịa dị egwu nke akwara obi, nke a na-egosipụta itinye oghere ndị a na - akpọ atherosclerotic plaques n’oghere nke eriri dị n’ime akwara ọbara. Nchikota ngwongwo nke atherosclerotic na arịa nke otutu calibers, ka oge na-aga, na-eduga na nkewa ha na ọdịdị nke nnukwu nsogbu site na ụbụrụ, obi na akụkụ ahụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ ebumnuche nke igbochi atherosclerosis, a na-eme igbochi ọrịa a na ihe ndabere.

Ihe kpatara ya

Emejuputara mgbanwe nke atherosclerotic na akwara obara bu ihe ndi mmadu n’enwe ike ikewa n’abali n’isi na nke ozo. Dị ka usoro ndị kachasị maka etolite atherosclerosis, enwere:

1. Nchikota kristal uric acid ke aru (gout),
2. Mmụba dị elu nke ọbara ọgbụgba (ọbara mgbali elu)
3. Ọkpụkpụ carbohydrate na-arụ ọrụ, gụnyere ụdị 1 na ụdị shuga 2,
4. Ọrịa na akwara na-arịa ọrịa akremia na akwara,
5. Ọrụ akwara ezughi oke (hypothyroidism).

Ihe ndị a na-akpọ ihe nke abụọ maka ịkpụpụta ngwongwo ikuku atherosclerotic na-anọchite anya usoro zuru oke nke nwere njiri nri, ọnụnọ ma ọ bụ enweghị àgwà ọjọọ, yana akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke ndụ mmadụ. Ihe abuo n’ime uzo nke atherosclerosis gunyere:

1. Mmanya na-a andụ sịga,
2. Ihe dị ukwuu ma ọ bụ erughi oke n'ahụ vitamin D, B12, B6 na folic acid,
3. Iri oke nke nri abuba, e ghere eghe, na mmanu mmanu, ya na nri ngwa ngwa na nri ndi ozo.
4. Ibu oke ibu
5. Ndụ okirikiri (enweghị mmega ahụ),
6. Ogologo oge ị ofụ ọgwụ mgbochi homonụ,
7. Agadi
8. Mmetụta oge niile nke nrụgide na ahụ, nrụgide mmetụta uche na anụ ahụ,
9. Imebi ọnọdụ nke imeju na-arụ ọrụ, nke mere ka ọba ụba ọrụ cholesterol na -emepụta.

Na mgbakwunye, nwoke na nwanyị bụ ihe na - ebute ọnọdụ maka atherosclerosis. Ndị nnọchite anya nke ụmụ nwoke nwere oke ihe ize ndụ nke atherosclerosis nke akụkụ ala, ụbụrụ na obi.

Mgbaàmà nke ọrịa

Ọnọdụ ọrịa a na-emetụta ogologo asymptomatic na latent N'ezie. Enwere ike mata ihe kpatara oria a bu ihe ama ama, n’etiti ndi a:

• Ọkpụkpọ isi ọwụwa na ọgbụgbọ,
• Akpịrị mgbu na mpaghara obi, nke gbatịrị n'olu, aka na aka yana ala,
• Ọnwụ nke mmụọ ga-ekwe omume
• Ihe ịrịba ama nke akụrụ odida
• Obi nsogbu nke obi, extrasystole,
• Ihe ịrịba ama nke angina pectoris,
• Ndalata visual acuity,
• Mmetụta ịkwụ arụ na nke ukwu.

Site na mmepe nke atherosclerosis nke ikpere ala, mmadụ nwere ike ịhụ ihe ịrịba ama ndị a:

• Kebisinization ụfọdụ akụkụ nke anụ ahụ nke ụkwụ,
• Ọrịa ọnya ọnya
• Pallor nke anụ ahụ,
• Atrophic na-agbanwe na akwara nke mpaghara ala.

Njirimara nke nchoputa na ọgwụgwọ

Nchoputa nke udiri oria a putara itinye uzo. A na-atụle akara ngosipụta nke atherosclerosis, yana ọnụnọ nke ihe ndị dị ize ndụ. Enwere ike ịchọpụta mkpo ma ọ bụ dị mkpụmkpụ nke arịa ọbara site na iji dopplerography ultrasound, nke nwere ike ịtụle ọnọdụ ọbara na-agba n'ime nnukwu arịa. Enwere ike inyocha ọnọdụ nke akwara obi yana oge nyocha nke onyonyo ndọta ma ọ bụ nyocha nke ihu. Na mgbakwunye, ihe a na-akpọ profaịlụ lipid rụrụ na laabu ma hazie iji chọpụta ego na abụba abụba dị n’ahụ bụ usoro nchọpụta ọrịa dị mkpa.

A na-agha ọgụ megide mgbanwe nke atherosclerotic na ahụ site na usoro ọgwụ, yana ụzọ ọgwụgwọ ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ. Ọgwụ ọgwụ nke ọrịa a, na-agụnye ọ bụghị naanị ojiji nke statins ndị dị n'elu, kamakwa anticoagulants. Onye nnọchi anya kachasị dị n’otu a bụ acetylsalicylic acid, nke na - egbochi nchịkọta platelet na izụpụta ọbara.

N'ime obere usoro, a na-enye ndị mmadụ ọgwụ ndị a, ebumnuche nke igbochi infarction myocardial na ọrịa strok. Na mgbakwunye, ọgwụgwọ maka atherosclerosis nwere ike ịgụnye ị ofụ ọgwụ dịka Heparin. Ude a nwere mmetụta na-akụda mmụọ n’usoro coagulation ọbara. Na usoro ọgwụgwọ nke ụbụrụ arteriosclerosis, ọgwụ ndị na - ahụ maka ịga na-ahọpụta ọgwụ.

Ọ bụrụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ edoghị anya anaghị arụ ọrụ, ndị ọkachamara n'ịgwọ ọrịa na-ekpebi mkpa ọ dị maka ịwa ahụ, bụ nke ebumnuche gbasara ike nke akwara ozi. Invzọ obere mgbazi maka idozi patalkụsị vaskụla bụ balloon angioplasty, n'oge ewebata katuet pụrụ iche. Nke a catheter na-ebu gbatịrị nke olu art art, na-akwalite resorption nke atherosclerotic mbadamba na mkpụkọ ọbara.

Morezọ dị egwu karị bụ usoro maka ịwụnye akwara vaskụla, nke bụ iji gbochie mgbidi arịa arịa ọbara.

A na-eme ọgwụgwọ nke atherosclerosis na ọgwụ ndị na-ewu ewu na naanị site na oge nyocha nke dọkịta.

Mgbochi Atherosclerosis

N'ime usoro ahụike, a na-ahụ oke mgbochi na nke abụọ nke vaskụla atherosclerosis, nke gunyere usoro ndị a:

1. Ihe omume mbụ. Ihe a na-akpọ mgbochi mbụ nke atherosclerosis gụnyere ọtụtụ ụzọ iji gbochie ọrịa a, bụ nke etinyere n’etiti otu ndị na-anaghị arịa ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala nke akụkụ ahụ nke akwara obi na imeju,
2. Ihe omume abuo. Preventiondị mgbochi nke mgbanwe atherosclerotic a kwesiri maka ndị mmadụ na-arịa ọrịa na arụ ọrụ na akwara nke ọrịa obi, yana ndị metụtara ihe ndị na - adịghị mma. Ihe mgbochi nke abuo nwere ndenye ọgwụ na ntuzi aka nke onye ọrịa gha n’iru n’ile ya anya n’ile ndi oka mmuta.

Na mgbakwunye, usoro ọkọlọtọ maka mgbochi mbụ nke mgbanwe atherosclerotic gụnyere ihe ndị a:

• Mgbochi ị excessiveụbiga mmanya ókè na iji ụtaba eme ihe n’etiti ndị dị iche iche,
• Mmejuputa atumatu mgbochi oghachu na ulo oru buru ibu na ulo oru di iche-iche.
• Increbawanye uru na nlekọta ahụike,
• Na-eduzi muta ahu ike n’etiti ndi mmadu,
• Chọpụta na ndebanye aha ndị mmadụ na-arịa ọrịa shuga mellitus na ọbara mgbali elu.

Atụmatụ ike

Ofdị mgbochi na ọgwụgwọ nke atherosclerosis, enweghi ike na-enweghị usoro nri. Ebere nke abụba na protein carbohydrate kwesịrị ịdị na nri mmadụ ọ bụla. Oke nke ihe ndia mebere onodu ahuhu ya na obi ya, ya na aru omume ya na ihe omumu ya.

Amachibidoro ngwa ahịa dị iche iche okirikiri, nri ngwa ngwa, yana ịfectionụ mmanya riri oke. A na-atụ aro ka iji mkpụrụ osisi, akwụkwọ nri na ihe ọ fruitụ fruitụ mkpụrụ osisi dochie ngwaahịa ndị a na-emerụ ahụ. A na-adụ ndị mmadụ ọdụ ịba uru ngwa ngwa ka ha belata ihe a na-akpọ carbohydrates na nri abụba.

Iji chọpụta ịdị irè nke nri, a na-atụ aro ka onye ọ bụla mee nyocha ọbara maka kọlestrọl. Na ọnụnọ nke ọnọdụ onye cholesterol, a na-atụ aro iwepu ụdị nri ahụ:

• Anụ oriri
• Anwụrụ anụ
• Salo
• Mmiri ara ehi
• Mayonezi
• Fectionchọcha
• Akwụkwọ nri dị iche iche na ụdị,
• Efere ndị na-atọ ụtọ
• Mmanya na-acoụ mmanya.

N’aka ozo, nri nke udiri nri bu nri oma n’eri nri (millet na buckwheat), nri azu na azu. A na-atụ aro ka ngwaahịa ndị a sie sie ma ọ bụ ghee ya.

Aziza nke iwetulata cholesterol

Ọtụtụ ụzọ mgbasa ozi na-akwado mkpa iji belata cholesterol n'ime ahụ. Obi abụọ adịghị ya, cholesterol na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na nhazi nke mgbanwe atherosclerotic n'ime ahụ, mana ọrụ a adịghị anya na nke kachasị. N'ime usoro nyocha nke ụlọ ọgwụ, ọrụ dị mkpa nke ọrịa na-efe efe dị ukwuu na usoro nke ọdịdị nke atherosclerosis ehiwela. Tinyere ihe omume iji gbochie mkpokọ cholesterol, mgbochi nke atherosclerosis gụnyere igbochi ọrịa nje na iku ume, mmeju nke ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi a na-eme kwa ụbọchị, ịkwado ahụ mmadụ, na ojiji nke ndị na - egbochi ọgwụ mgbochi.

Tupu i mee cholesterol ihe kpatara ebumnuche nke mgbanwe atherosclerotic, ọ dị mkpa ịmata onwe gị na ọrụ dị mma nke ihe a na ahụ. Otutu ihe omimi a enweghi ihe analogues na okwu ndia:

• N'oge njikọta homonụ mmekọahụ,
• Site na uto nke intrauterine nke akụkụ akwara ozi nke nwa ebu n’afọ,
• N'oge nhazi nke vitamin D,
• N'ime mmepụta homonụ nke adrenal.

Na mgbakwunye, ogige a bụ ọgwụ antioxidant sitere n'okike nke na-akwalite ikpochapụ nke ihe ndị a na-eme ka oxidized. Udiri cholesterol n’ahụ na-ebute oke ibu na umeji, n’ihi nke ọ na - eme okpukpu abụọ nke mmepụta a.

Ọ bụ ya mere, a na-atụ aro ka ndị ahụ na-arịa ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala nke oke oriri nke abụba na-ewe iwe iji belata mkpokọta cholesterol n'ime ahụ.

Ibelata cholesterol n'ime ahu

Ọ bụrụ na-egosipụta na cholesterol dị n'ahụ niile na-egosipụta site na nyocha ụlọ nyocha, mgbe ahụ, ndị ọkachamara n'ịgwọ ọrịa na-eduzi nhọrọ nke ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ mmadụ n'otu n'otu, ebumnuche nke ya bụ iji belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke lipoproteins. Ojiji nke ọgwụ pụrụ iche ziri ezi naanị ma ọ bụrụ na mgbazi nke kọlestrọl adịghị arụ ọrụ. Otu ọgwụ ọgwụ ndị na-enyere aka belata cholesterol n'ime ahụ gụnyere:

• Usoro nke abụba abụba. Ejiri ọgwụ ndị a gbochie ụbụrụ arteriosclerosis, ebe ha na - enyere aka igbochi nnabata cholesterol na eriri afọ. Ndi nnochite anya ndi otu a bu Colestipol, Cholestyramine, Beta-Sitosterol,
• Ọnọdụ Akụkụ ọgbara ọhụrụ na-egbochi mmepụta nke cholesterol nke mkpụrụ ndụ imeju na-eto eto na okenye. Na mgbakwunye, megide ndabere nke iji statin, a na-eme ka mbibi nke mbibi ndị e guzobere atherosclerotic. Ndi nnochite anya nke Statin otu bu Miskleron, Simvastatin, Lovastatin na Rosuvastatin,
• Nri nkpuru nke nicotinic acid. Otu ọgwụ a nwere mmetụta na-akpali akpali na metabolism nke lipid, na-eme ka mmebi nke abụba na - agbatị akwara ọbara. Nke ahụ ga - enyere gị aka ịgwọ ọrịa nke atherosclerosis nke ala akụkụ ahụ ọgwụ a.
• Fibrates. Usoro nke usoro ọgwụ ndị a sitere na mbibi enzymatic nke paịlịclerotic. Dika ọmụmaatụ nke fibrates, ciprofibrate dịpụrụ adịpụ.

Nhọpụta nke otu ndị a kwesịrị ịdabere na nnweta akaebe kwesịrị ekwesị. Nhọrọ nke aha na usoro onunu ogwu gha n’aka ndi okacha amara nke oma n’otu n’otu n’otu.

N'ikwu okwu banyere nhọpụta nke otu ọgwụ ọgwụ dị iche iche, mmadụ enweghị ike inye aka mana ịkọpụta ihe egwu nwere ike ịmalite mmeghachi omume ọjọọ site na akụkụ na sistem. Dabere na ụdị nke ọgwụ antisclerotic ahọrọ, mmepe nke mmetụta ndị dị otú ahụ ga-ekwe omume:

1. A na-egosipụta mmeghachi omume dị njọ n'oge ị na-eso usoro n'ụdị mgbaàmà ndị dị ka ọnya afọ nke mucous nke afọ na duodenum, afọ ọsịsa, mgbu nke afọ, afọ ntachi na etolite hemorrhoids,
2. Statins na fibrates nwere ike ịkpata mmeghachi omume ndị na-adịghị mma dịka mgbu nwa, nsogbu ihi ụra, ịba ụba gas na eriri afọ, ọgbụgbọ, ọbara ọgbụgba na-ebelata, afọ ntachi, yana mmeghachi omume nfụkasị obodo na usoro.
3. Nri dị iche iche nke nicotinic acid nwere ike bute nsonaazụ dịka nchapu akpụkpọ ahụ nke ihu, itching, mmụba glucose ọbara, iwepụ ọrịa gallstone na ọnya afọ, mmetụ nke okpomọkụ n'ime ahụ niile.

Na mgbakwunye, ọgwụ ọgwụ ọ bụla edepụtara nwere ọtụtụ ọgwụ mgbochi na nke ọ bụla. Ihe ndị a gụnyere na ndepụta nke contraindications izugbe:

• Ọbara mgbali elu 2 na 3,
• Oge ị ga-amụ nwa na inye ya ara,
• Mgbaaka na imeju imeju
• Ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala nke gallbladder na imeju
• Ọrịa afọ nke afọ na duodenum.

Tinyere uru ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ, statins nwere mmetụta dị njọ na mgbochi mmadụ. Mmetụta ahụ na-adịghị mma bụ n'ihi mbelata ọkwa nke ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa ụfọdụ dị na ahụ nke arụkọtara n'okpuru ọgwụ mgbochi.

Ihe omuma ohuru nke omuma nke ule nke ulo ogwu n’uwa gosiputara mmepe na iwebata otu ogwu mgbochi megidere atherosclerosis, nke kachasi nma ya na aru aru. Agbanyeghị, ọgwụ mgbochi a enweghị ọnụọgụ ndị na-eso ọfụma.

Zọ ndị ọzọ mgbochi

Mgbochi zuru oke nke mgbanwe atherosclerotic na ahụ, na-agụnye ọ bụghị naanị ndụmọdụ nri, mgbanwe ndụ na ọgwụ, kamakwa iji lụsoo ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala. Ọrịa ndị dị ka ụdị 1 na ụdị ọrịa shuga 2, yana ọbara mgbali elu akwara, nwere ike itinye aka na mmepe nke ọrịa a. Nchọpụta nke oge na mgbazi ọgwụ nke ọrịa ndị a na-ebelata oke ihe ọghọm atherosclerotic plasta na akwara nke ọbara.

Ọ dị mkpa icheta na vaskụla atherosclerosis bụ ajọ ọrịa nke nwere ihe na-aga n’ihu n’ihu ndụ niile. Site na oke kachasị nke ịkọ ihe na idozi ọnọdụ ahụike niile, mmadụ ọ bụla nwere ohere igbochi ma ọ bụ gbochie ọganiru ọrịa a. N'okwu metụtara ọgwụgwọ, a na-atụ aro ịgbaso ndụmọdụ ahụike yana usoro ọgwụ ọgwụ edepụtara.