Usoro mkpebi glucose oxidase

Principlekpụrụ nke usoro ahụ. Iszọ ahụ dabere na ọrụ nke enzyme glucose oxidase. Enzyme a na - eme ka glucose na ikuku dị n'ihu na - eme ka gluconolactone pụta, nke na - eji nwayọọ abanye mmiri gluconic acid. Ihe na-eme ka glucose oxidase na-egbu glucose na-etolite hydrogen peroxide (H₂Ewoo₂), nke mere na 4-aminoantipyrine na phenol n'okpuru ọrụ nke peroxidase. N’ihi nke a, a na-emepụta kọlọtọ na-acha pinki pinki nke ogo 510 nm na ogo nke glucose n’omume.

glucose + O₂ + H₂Ewoo → gluconic acid + H₂Ewoo₂

2 N₂Ewoo₂ + 4-aminoantipyrine + phenol → quinonymine + 4H₂Ewoo

Ngwá ọrụ CPK, centrifuge, thermostat, racks, tubes ule, pipettes, ihe ndị dị ndụ, reagents ndị dị na ngwọta ọrụ.

nnwale nnwale, ml

ịlele ọkọlọtọ, ml

ule na-abaghị uru (N₂O), ml

Ihe ngwọta glucose na-akpata (glucose)

A na-adọba akpa ndị ahụ na ebe a na-ahụ ọkụ na 37 Celsius C maka minit 15, wee tinyezie ya na CPC nke nwere akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na cuvettes nke nwere okpukpu dị omimi nke 5 mm megide nyocha nke enweghị oghere (N₂O). Agba pink na-akwụsi ike ruo otu awa mgbe ịghasịrị.

Gbakọọ Usoro usoro glucose na-emepụta site na usoro:

C =x C ọkọlọtọ ebe

C bụ ọdịnaya glucose n’omume nnwale, mol / l,

Ekpu - ngwa anya njupụta nke tolitere,

Nri - ngwa anya njupụta nke calibration sample,

Standardkpụrụ c - ọdịnaya dị na ngwo nghazi, mol / l.

Kpụrụ nkịtị:  ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ - 2.8-4.4 mmol / l

Umuaka - 3.9 -5.8 mmol / l

 okenye - 3.9 - 6.2 mmol / l

Hypoglycemia (GHC).Mmụba nke glucose ọbara bụ n'ọtụtụ ihe, dabere na nke agbụrụ abụọ hyperglycemia dị iche.

1. Insular - ejikọtara ya na insulin ezughi oke n'ahụ ma ọ bụ n'ihi erughi eru nke ihe ọ na-eme.

2. Mpụga (extrainsular) - anaghị adabere na mmetụta nke insulin.

Usoro ndị a dị oke mkpa na nguzobe nke HHC: mmụba nke glycogen, ịba ụba neoglucogenesis, mgbochi nke glycogen synthesis, ibelata mgbatị anụ ahụ n'okpuru mmetụta nke ndị na - emegide ọgwụ homonụ: somatotropin, glucorticoids, thyroxine, thyrotropin.

A na-ahụta hyperglycemia na ịba oke glucose n'ọbara (dịka ọmụmaatụ, hyperglycemia nwere ibu shuga). Ọrịa “Hepatic” hyperglycemia na-apụta na ọnya ọnya afọ.

Ọrịa shuga na-adịgide adịgide ma na-arịa ọrịa shuga na-esokarị ọrịa shuga. Ọ bụ ọdịnala kewapụrụ ọrịa shuga shuga mellitus na-abụghị insulin na-akpata insulin, ma ọ bụ, m n'ụdị shuga mellitus na ụdị ọrịa shuga nke II. Nmeputa udiri oria a bu nke akpukpo aru ya na insulin.

Otu nke abụọ hyperglycemia jikọtara ya na hyperfunction nke gland endocrine na-emepụta homonụ - insulin antagonists. A na-ahụ ya na ọrịa dịka ọrịa herenko-Cushing na ọrịa, acromegaly, thyrotoxicosis, pheochromocytoma, na glucomanoma. Ọbara glucose n'ọbara na-abawanye na ụfọdụ ọrịa imeju (ọkachasị, na 10-30% nke ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa imeju), haemochromatosis (ọrịa imeju na-acha ọbara ọbara, ọrịa shuga na-egbu egbu).

Hypoglycemia (GPG) - mbelata nke glukos ọbara - a na - ejikọkarị ya na mmụba insulin na ọbara. Achọpụtara hypoglycemia nke extrapancreatic dị ka nsonaazụ n'etiti ogo nke usoro glycogenolysis na glyconeogenesis na imeju na nnukwu ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala, ọrịa nrịanrịa, oke ọnya na ọnya na-egbu egbu, ị ,ụ mmanya na-egbu egbu, nsị na arsenic, phosphorus, ọrịa na-agbatị agbatị, . A na-ahụkarị mbelata ọbara glucose ọbara na ndị ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa cancer nke esophagus na ọrịa ọjọọ ndị ọzọ na-apụ apụ (fibroma, fibrosarcoma, neuroma), yana ọgbụgbọ na-enweghị isi, ọgbụgba, ọrịa shuga, uremia, na-a profụ lactation na glucosuria n'ime ụmụ nwanyị dị ime.

Ọrịa hypoglycemia nwere ike ịbụ isi mmalite n'ihi ụbụrụ uche, encephalitis, ọbara ọgbụgba na subarachnoid, akpụ ụbụrụ.

1. Nsogbu okike sitere na mgbaze nke carbohydrates.

2. Kedu ụdị hyperglucoseemia nke ị maara?

3. Kedu ihe na-akpata ọrịa hyperglucoseemia?

4. Gịnị kpatara ihe kpatara ọrịa shuga na-arịa insulin na-akpata?

5. Gini bu ihe ndu ogwu ndu ndi mmadu na - akpata oria aria: a) glycogenosis? b) aglycogenosis? c) fructosemia? d) galactosemia?

6. Kedu mgbanwe mgbanwe ndu sitere na metabolism metabolism n'oge ebu ọnụ?

7. ofkpụrụ nke usoro maka ịchọpụta nnabata glucose.

Kedu mgbe ewepụtara usoro glucose oxidase?

A na-eji nnwale a ịchọpụta ịnabata ọrịa shuga na mmepe nke ọrịa shuga, yana ogo nke ọrịa. Mana maka ebumnuche ndị dị otú ahụ, a naghị ejikarị nyocha, nke a bụ n'ihi ọnụ ahịa ya dị elu na atụmanya ogologo oge nke nsonaazụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-eji mkpebi siri ike nke glucose na ọbara na mmamịrị na-eji usoro a na nchọpụta ọdịiche nke ọrịa ndị dị ka:

A na-ebelata shuga n’otu ntabi anya! Ọrịa shuga n’afọ nwere ike ibute ọrịa dị iche iche, dịka nsogbu ọhụụ, akpụkpọ ahụ na ntutu isi, ọnya, ọria na ọbụna etuto ahụ! Ndị mmadụ kuziri ihe ilu iji mee ka ọkwa shuga ha dị mma. gụọ na.

• ọrịa lactose anagidere,
• fructose ekweghị ibe nọrọ,
• secretion nke fructose nwere ahụ mmiri,
• ịba ụba nke pentose na mmamịrị.

Ohere a na-ejighị n'aka nke ule glucose oxidase bụ eziokwu ya.

Gini bu ndabere nke usoro a?

Enwere ụzọ dị iche iche iji kpebie mkpokọ glucose na ọbara, mana glucose oxidase bụ nke kachasị zie ezi. Ọ dabere n'eziokwu ahụ na n'oge mmekọrịta shuga na ikuku oxygen, a na-eme ka ahịhịa dị mma. A na - ahapụ hydrogen peroxide n'ime osisa. Ihe a na - emekorita ya na orthotoluidine iji mee ka ihe ndi ozo di nma. Maka omume nke mmeghachi omume a, ọnụnọ nke enzymes pụrụ iche dị mkpa. N'oge mmeghachi nke oxidation, glucose oxidase ga-adịrịrị, mgbe ị na-egbochi mmiri mmiri, peroxidase ga-adịrịrị. Uzo a n’iru ga edoro anya gluu g’eme ka odi ike karie ya n’onu.

Ihe dị mkpa nke mkpebi glucose oxidase

Nyocha nke nsonaazụ na-apụta site na iji usoro nke photometry mechaa otu oge ahụ. Ọ bụ mmanye iji ọnụọgụ mmịpụta nke nwere ụfọdụ ọkwa ekwuputara na shuga, bido na ya, ị nwere ike ikpebi ịta glucose na mmiri ahụ, oge n'ọbara.

Kedu otu esi eme nyocha ahụ?

A na - ewere ihe dị n’aka onye ọrịa n’ara afọ. Maka ule ahụ, a na-eji ọbara venous mee ihe na 5 ml. N’oge ikpere, a gosipụtara onye ọrịa ahụ nri siri ike. Nke a ga - eme ka o kwe omume ịchọpụta ịdabere na nsonaazụ ya ma wepu njehie nyocha nke enwere ike. 2bọchị 2 tupu ị theụ ọbara, onye ọrịa ahụ kwesịrị ịhapụ omume ọjọọ nke ị drinkingụ mmanya na ise anwụrụ. Ọ dịkwa mkpa ịkwụsịlata iri nri dị ụtọ ma zere ọnọdụ ndị na - akpata nrụgide oge ọ bụla enwere ike.

Iji nweta shuga plasma na shuga, ọbara na-ebelata.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-eme usoro maka ịchọpụta mkpụkọ glucose site na centrifugation, nke ụdị ihe dịpụrụ adịpụ. Emebiela ego shuga na plasma. Mgbe etinyere reagents niile dị mkpa na ya, a na-ahụ agba ya mgbe ọ dị nkeji iri abụọ ma ọ bụrụ na a na-eme nnwale ahụ na ụlọ okpomọkụ. A na-eme mgbakọta nke glucose dị ka usoro nhazi almeli ma ọ bụ jiri usoro nke servings.

Reagents nyocha

Iji kpebie shuga, ọ kachasị adaba ka iji ụzọ ndị awara awara chọpụta etu glucose dị n'ọbara. Nke a bụ n'ihi ịdị mfe nke iji ya na nsonaazụ ngwa ngwa. Na mgbakwunye, onye ọrịa adịghị mkpa ịga ụlọ nyocha ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọgwụ. Mana n'adịghị ka nyocha glucose oxidase, nchọpụta dị otú ahụ bụ ihe a na-apụghị ịdabere na ya. Ebe ọ bụ na ọdịiche na glucose na shuga ndị ọzọ ma na-ekpebi itinye uche ha ọnụ.

Ndabere nke mmeghachi omume glucose oxidase bụ sodium chloride 9% ngwọta na zinc sulfate 50%. A na-agbakwunye ha na ọkwa nke ịkwafu ọbara. Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji ihe eji eme ihe maka acetic acid na sodium acetate. Titzọ titition na-ekpebi pH ya na 4.8. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a na-agbakwunye glucose oxidase, n'ihi nke a na-ewepụta hydrogen peroxide na peroxidase, nke na-esonye na ịkwụsị ihe ngwọta na ntinye uche ịchọrọ iji nweta nsonaazụ ziri ezi.

Norms na nyocha

Ntube shuga na-ewere ọnọdụ na nkeji pụrụ iche - millimoles kwa liter nke ihe ngwọta.

Nnyocha ọbara glucose oxidase bụ iwu na afọ efu ma jiri plasma ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara maka nke a. Usoro maka oke ya maka ndị okenye maka ma ụmụ nwanyị ma ụmụ nwoke bụ 3.3-5.5. Maka ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ 15, ọnụ ọgụgụ a nwere ntakịrị ntakịrị ma dịkwa site na 3.2-5.3. N'ime ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ, glucose ọbara dị 1.7-4.2. A na-achọpụta mmụba nke ihe ngosipụta na mmepe nke onye ọrịa nwere ọrịa mellitus ma ọ bụ ịnwe ndidi glucose. Ọnọdụ a bụ ọrịa shuga, ọ bụrụkwa na-agwọghị ya n'oge, ọ ga-eduga na mmepe nke ọrịa a na-arịa ọrịa.

O dikwa ya ka odi ike ikwusi oria shuga?

Na-ekpe ikpe site na ị na-agụ usoro ndị a ugbu a, mmeri n'ọgụ a na-alụ megide ọbara ọbara dị elu adịghị n'akụkụ gị.

Cheworịla banyere ọgwụgwọ ụlọ ọgwụ? O kwere nghọta, n'ihi na ọrịa shuga bụ ọrịa dị oke egwu, nke, ọ bụrụ na agwọghị ya, nwere ike ịkpata ọnwụ. Anwụ mgbe niile, urination ngwa ngwa, ọhụhụ ụzọ. Ihe ndị a niile amaara gị nke ọma.

Ma enwere ike ịgwọta ihe kpatara ya kama nsonaazụ ya? Anyị na-akwado ịgụ otu edemede banyere ọgwụgwọ ọrịa shuga ugbu a. Gụọ akụkọ >>