Acarbose maka oria shuga
1S- (1alpha, 4alpha, 5beta, 6alpha) -0-4,6-dideoxy-4-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3- (hydroxymethyl) -2-cyclohexen-1-ylamino-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl- (1-4) -0-alfa-D-glucopyranosyl- (1-4) -D-glucose ma obu (2R, 3R, 4R, 5S, 6R) -5- (2R, 3R, 4R, 5S, 6R) - 5- (2R, 3R, 4S, 5S, 6R) -3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl- 5- (1S, 4R, 5S, 6S) - 4,5,6-trihydroxy-3- (hydroxymethyl) cyclohex-2-en-1-ylaminooxan-2-yloxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6- (hydroxymethyl) oxan-2-yloxy-6- (hydroxymethyl) oxan-2,3,4-triol (IUPAC).
Njirimara kemịkal
Carbohydrate sitere na otu ahụ oligosaccharides Acarbose bụ ntụ ntụ, na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ na-acha ọcha na ndò ọ bụla, nke a na-mmiri mmiri nke ukwuu. A na - enweta ihe a Actinoplanes utahensis eji gbaa ụka. Ngwukwo ahu nke ihe na –eme aru ya bu 645.6 gram n’ime mo. A na-ahapụ ọgwụ ahụ n'ụdị mbadamba, na usoro nke 50 ma ọ bụ 100 mg.
Pharmacodynamics na pharmacokinetics
Ngwá ọrụ ahụ na-ekpughere oligo na polysaccharides Ihe mmeghachi omume hydrolysis site na mgbochi nke pancreatic alfa amylases na eriri afọ membrane alure glucoseidases. N'okpuru mmetụta nke acarbose, lumen nke obere eriri afọ na-akụda di, oligo na trisaccharides iche iche monosaccharides na glucose. Otito etolite na iwere glukot n’ime eriri afọ na-ebelata, ọkwa glucose kwa ụbọchị n’ime ọbara na-ebelata. Ọgwụ anaghị akpali mmụba insulin ọ naghị eduga gị hypoglycemia.
Ihe ndị ahụ abụghị mutagenic, ọnaghị emetụta ọmụmụ na ike ịmụ nwa n'ozuzu ya.
Site na nhazi usoro iji ọgwụ eme ihe na ndị ọrịa nwere nnabata glucose nwere nsogbu, ụdị ọrịa shuga 2, infarction myocardial na ọrịa obi.
Acarbose nwere ogo nke sisitemu sistemu di ala, ihe dika 35%. Usoro ndu nke uzo 1-2%. A na-ahụtakarị oke ihe ahụ n’onwe ya na ọbara n’ime otu awa mgbe ọ gbasachara, yana metabolites ya - ka ọnwa 14 gachara - otu ụbọchị.
N'ime ndị mmadụ na-ata ahụhụ site na ọdịda akụrụ, oke ịta ahụ na-abawanye ruo ugboro 5, na ndị ọrịa mere agadi ihe ngosi a na-abawanye site na 1.5 ugboro.
A gwakọtara ọgwụ ahụ na ngwa nri na ntinye nke nje bacteria na-egbu egbu na enzymes, ihe dị ka metabolites iri na atọ dị na Acarbose. Ndị a bụ usoro mbụ 4-methylpyrogallol. Ihe a na - agbanweghi agbanwe (ihe dị ka ọkara nke dose ahụ) na frized n'ime awa 96. Ihe dị ka 35% nke ọgwụ ahụ na-apụta n'ụdị metabolites site na akụrụ. Oge iwepu ọkara ndụ bụ awa 4 (usoro nkesa) yana ruru elekere iri (nkeji oge ezumike).
Ihe ngbanwe
A na-egbochi ọgwụ a:
- na allergies ka acarbose
- ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa mamịrị ketoacidosis, cirrhosis,
- na ọrịa na-efe efe na ọnya afọ na-egbu mgbu, tinyere nsogbu nri nri na nri.
- na-arịa ọrịa Remheld si syndrome,
- womenmụ nwanyị na-actụ nwa
- na ọrịa nke digestive tract, sochiri ọnya afọ, flatulenceeriri afọ (gụnyere akụkụ ụfọdụ),
- ndị ọrịa nwere ọnya na ọnya afọ, nnukwu hernias,
- na-adịghị ala ala gbasara akwara,
- n'oge nke afọ ime.
E gosipụtara ịkpachara anya mgbe ị na-ewere Acarbose:
- ndị ọrịa butere ọrịa, mmerụ ahụ, mgbe ọwachara ahụ,
- nwee ike ahụ ọkụ,
- Ndị nọ n'okpuru afọ 18.
Nsonaazụ
Mmeghachi omume kachasị na-emetụta akwara dị na eriri afọ:
- ịba ụba gas, afọ ọsịsamgbu n'ime afọ, vom, afọ mgbu,
- ọgbụgbọ, zuru ezu ma ọ bụ akụkụ akụkụ mgbochi afọ,
- jaundice, ụba ọrụ nke enzymes imeju, ịba ọcha n'anya.
Ọzọkwa a hụrụ: ọzịza, thrombocytopenia, urticariaakpụkpọ anụ ahụ, erythema.
Acarbose, ntuziaka maka ojiji (Usoro na usoro onunu ogwu)
Edebere mbadamba iji ọnụ ede ihe, nkeji 20 tupu nri ma ọ bụ otu awa mgbe nri gasịrị.
Na usoro ọgwụgwọ mbụ, a na-eji 50 mg nke ọgwụ ahụ ugboro atọ n'ụbọchị, mgbe ahụ, a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ mụbaa usoro ahụ ruo 0.1-0.2 gram, dabere na ndidi.
Ná nkezi, usoro ịgwọ ọrịa maka ndị ọrịa na-erughị 60 n'arọ bụ 50 mg, ihe karịrị 60 n'arọ bụ 300 mg kwa ụbọchị. Oke kachasị kwa ụbọchị bụ 0.6 grams.
Maka mgbochi, a na-enye ọgwụ ahụ na 50 mg kwa ụbọchị, ma jiri nwayọ mụbaa ruo 0.1 grams karịa ọnwa 3.
Mmekorita
A na - eme ka mmetụta hypoglycemic nke ọgwụ ahụ site n'ọrụ nke usoro sulfonylureas, metformin, insulin.
Colestyramine, antacids na adsorbents ndị na-arụ ọrụ na eriri afọ, belata ịdị irè nke ọgwụgwọ na Acarbose.
Glucocorticosteroids, estrogenshomonụ thyroid, thiazide diuretics, phenothiazines, ihe ndapụtaọgwụ mgbochi nicotinic acid, isoniazid, adrenostimulants na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ na-akpata hypoglycemia belata ọrụ nke ọgwụ ahụ, ruo nbibi ọrịa shuga mellitus.
Ntụziaka pụrụ iche
Mgbe ị na-eji ọgwụ ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ịgbaso ndụmọdụ ndị dọkịta, soro usoro nri. Ihe ọ andụ andụ na nri ndị nwere carbohydrates na shuga nwere ike ibute mgbali afọ.
N'oge ọgwụgwọ, a na-atụ aro ka ijikwa ọbara ọbara yana ọkwa mmamịrị glycosylated haemoglobin na transminases, ọkachasị na ọnwa iri na abụọ mbụ ọgwụgwọ.
Site na mmụba nke ihe karịrị gram 0.3 kwa ụbọchị, mbelata dị nro ga-apụta hyperglycemia ma nwekwuo ihe egwu hyperfermentemia.
N'oge ọgwụgwọ na ngwaahịa a, ekwesịrị icheta na shuga nri nkịtị na-agbaji nwayọ ma enweghị ike iwepu ngwa ngwa hypoglycemia. Iji kpochapụ ọnọdụ a, a na-atụ aro iji nnukwu doses glucose (anaghị eme nke ọma), ọkacha mma intravenously.
Ogwu a, dika iwu, enyeghi umuaka ndi di n’agbata afọ 18.
Nkwadebe nke nwere (Analogs)
Nyocha banyere ọgwụ iji lụ ọgụ ọrịa shuga nke ka nke oma. Ihe a na-ahụkarị na nsogbu na-akpata nsogbu bụ ụba ikuku na ahụ erighi ala. Nyocha banyere Acarbose maka oke ibu kewara. Ọgwụ a dị mma maka mmadụ, onye na-anabatakwa ọgwụ ọ na-amalite na-a activelyụ mmanya ndị na-atọ ụtọ ma na-efunahụ ya. Ekwesịrị iburu n’obi na n’oge ọgwụgwọ ọ dị mkpa ịgbaso nri, ma ọ bụghị ya, ịdị irè nke ọgwụgwọ na-ebelata nke ukwuu.
Ọnụahịa Acarboza ebe ị ga-azụ
Ọnụahịa nke mbadamba nkume Glucobai bụ ihe dị ka 560 rubles maka iberibe 30, yana usoro onunu ogwu nke 100 mg.
Mmụta: Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Rivne State Basic Medical College na nzere ya na ahịa ọgwụ. Ọ guru akwukwo na Vinnitsa State Medical University. M.I. Pirogov na ihe omumu banyere ya.
Ahụmahụ: Site na 2003 ruo 2013, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ere ọgwụ na onye njikwa nke ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ. E nyere ya akwụkwọ ozi na ọdịiche maka ọtụtụ afọ nke ọrụ akọ na uche. E bipụtara edemede gbasara isiokwu ahụike na mbipụta mpaghara (akwụkwọ akụkọ) yana na ọnụ ụzọ ntanetị dị iche iche.
Njem akụkọ ihe mere eme
Mgbalị ịchebe mmadụ site na “ntiwapụ ọrịa” bụ nke emere na narị afọ gara aga.
N’eziokwu, dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ si kwuo, mgbe ahụ enweghị ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa shuga dị ukwuu. Ọrịa malitere ịgbasa n'ụzọ ọrụ ike mgbe shelves nke ụlọ ahịa anyị malitere itufu ngwaahịa dị iche iche, n'ihi na Soviet GOSTs akagbuola, ọnọdụ teknụzụ ọhụrụ anaghị amachibidoro ndị na-emepụta ahụ nyocha na ahụ ike anyị.
N'ịghọta na isi nsogbu nke ọrịa shuga mellitus (DM) bụ mmebi nke metabolism metabolism, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwara imepụta ọgwụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke na-egbochi ị carbohydụ carbohydrates, nke na-enye onye toro ọkara ọkara ụbọchị calorie.
N’ezie, taa, ọ dịghị onye nweela ihe ịga nke ọma n’inweta ebumnuche a n’enweghi nri nri carb, mana mgbakwunye nke abụba na metabolism na-agaghị eme ihe ga-ewute ndị ọrịa mamịrị, ọkachasị ebe ọ bụ na ole na ole n’ime ha na-agbaso ndụmọdụ nke endocrinologist.
Mgbe ị gbachara nri ndị na-arịa ọrịa shuga kwa ụbọchị.
- Monosaccharides (na ụdị fructose na glucose) - 25 g,
- Disaccharides (sucrose) - 100g,
- Polysaccharides (dị ka stachi) - 150g.
Enwere ike ighota na igbochi sugars ngafe kacha mma n’agba nke mbu nke metabolism, n’ime eriri afọ, ebe ha ga-esi n’ụdị mbụ ha.
Kedu ihe kpatara eji etinye uche buru ibu na steepụ? Mkpụrụ eke sitere na α-amylase nwere amylose na amylopectin, enwere ike ịkụda ya na disaccharides site na iji ọnụ na pancreas, nke nwere enzymes α-amylase. Disaccharides na-agbari n'ime glucose na fructose n'ime eriri afọ n'okpuru ọrụ nke α-glucosidases. Ọ bụ monosaccharides ndị a na-abanye n'ọbara.
O doro anya na mbelata nke ọrụ pancreas na eriri afọ ga-eji nwayọ kwụsịlata iburu carbohydrates na-abanye anụ ahụ nri. Ndị na-egbochi enzyme saccharolytic, nke a na-ahụ ụfọdụ osisi (dịka ọmụmaatụ, na stevia), na-adị mfe olulu ma ghara inye nsonaazụ na-adịghị mma. A hụrụ analogs na buckwheat, rye, ọka, mkpo na ahụekere. Ọ bụ ihe nwute na ike ha ezughi iji glycemic ịchịkwa ọnụ ọgụgụ ọbara.
Achọpụtara ọgwụ microbial ka ọ dị irè karị, site na nke enwetara ndị na-egbochi ọtụtụ ụdị mmetụta: protein, aminosaccharides, oligosaccharides, glycopolypeptides. Ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ na olisaccharide bụ Acarbosum, nke a na-enweta site na obere microorganisms. Site na igbochi obere glucoseidine eriri afọ, ọ na-akwụsịlata ntụgharị sites n'ime glucose.
Emepụtara usoro ndị ọzọ na ndabere nke ascarbose, mana ha enweghị ụdị ikike ahụ.
Ohere nke ọgwụ ọgwụ
Ọgwụ ascarbose:
- Jiri nwayọ nwayọ nke carbohydrates na eriri afọ,
- Belata postprandial (mgbe ị risịrị nri, “prandial” - “nri ehihie”) glycemia,
- Na-egbochi hypoglycemia,
- Ewepu ohere nke insulin.
Mgbe ị na-eri nri nwere carbohydrates dị ukwuu, mmetụta hypoglycemic nke ascarbose na-ahụkarị.
Ihe mgbochi na - enyere aka ịlụ ọgụ oke, belata agụụ na iri nri nke kwa ụbọchị, ma belata akwa nke visceral abụba.
Ihe riri ahụ na nri abụba, nke nwere calorie dị elu na-ebelata oke arụ ọrụ acarbose, ebe ọ bụ na ebumnuche ya na-ezube ịme ka carbohydrate dị elu, karịa metabolism.
Acarbose site na usoro nke ime ihe nwere ike ịbanye na ike nke eriri, akwara dị n'ime ya nke nwere akpụ, adịghị maka mgbaze nke enzymes. Ihe dị iche bụ na ọgwụ na-egbochi ike nke ndị enzymes onwe ha. Dị ka ọ dị na mkpụrụ ndụ erughị ala, carbohydrates na-aghọ “nke a na-agaghị echezọ echezọ” maka ihe ọ juiceụ gastụ gastric na ọpụpụ anaghị agbanwe agbanwe, na-abawanye ụba nke feces. Site na nke a, ọ ga - eme ka ike nke inhibitor dịkwuo mma ma ọ bụrụ na eji ngwaahịa ndị nwere obere eriri na - eme ihe n'usoro. Usoro a dị oke arụ n’ibelata oke.
N'agbanyeghị ihe ndị na-egbochi ya, onye na-egbochi ya anaghị emebi ọrụ dịịrị afọ, ebe ọ bụ na ọ naghị emetụta amylo-, proteo- na lipolytic nke mmiri diges.
Ike nke ọgwụ ahụ dabere na dose: yana mmụba na-agbaso, hypoglycemic egosi dị elu.
Ndị ọrịa mamịrị na-eji acarbose na ihe ndị dị n'ime ya egosipụtawo nsonaazụ dị mma n'ihe ndị ọzọ dị mkpa:
- Mbelata triglycerol na kọlestrọl n'ime ọbara,
- Mbelata nke ahihia lipoprotein na anụ ahụ adipose.
Ọ bụrụ na etinyere onye na-egbochi nwoke n'ime afọ ahụ, ọ na - egbochi ọrụ α-glucosidases. Carbohydrates na-agbari ogologo nke na akụkụ dị ukwuu na-agbanwe agbanwe. Nke a na - emetụta ndị na - egosi glucometer n'ụzọ kachasị dị mma: ọ bụ ezie na ha na - abawanye, ha enweghị ihe ọ bụla dịka enweghị enweghị acarbose. N'ihe banyere ịdị irè, enwere ike iji ya tụnyere Metformin na-ewu ewu, nke a na-egbochi ndị ọrịa mamịrị na ọdịda akụrụ.
A na-enyekwa Acarbose ụdị ọrịa shuga mbụ, ebe ọ bụ na ojiji ya na -ebelata ego nke insulin ọzọ na ọkara.
Ọgwụ ga - enyere aka ịhazi glycemia, mana ịkwesịrị idozi nri maka ya, ebe ụkọ nri na - adị oke egwu dị ka ngafe.
Ọbụlagodi n'ọnọdụ ndị dị elu, na-arịa ọrịa shuga, mgbe insulin na-akwụ ụgwọ shuga, mgbe otu ọgwụgwọ acarbose gasịrị, ndị ọrịa mamịrị hụrụ mbelata glucosuria (ọnụnọ nke glucose na mmamịrị).
Ọ na - eme ka ọgwụ na glucose dịkwuo elu, mana ọ bụghị 100% dochie anya maka ọgwụ ndị bụ isi maka ịgwọ ọrịa shuga. Edere ya dika ọgwụ ndi ozo na ngwakọta ọgwụgwọ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, acarbose ga-eme ka mmetụta nke sulfonylurea sie ike.
Emekwara ka ọgwụ a pụta ìhè maka ndị na-arịa nfụkasị na-enweghị ike ịnabata insulin.
Ọ dị mkpa na ụdị inhibitor a enweghị ọgwụ carcinogenic, embrayo na ikike mutagenic.
A na-egbochi ọgwụ ahụ na ngari nri, nje na enzymes na-enyere aka ịmepụta ụdị ihe 13. A na-ahapụ acarbose a na-ejighị n'aka na awa 96 n'ime awa.
Onye ka achobose gosiputara ma megharia ya
Edepụtara onye na-egbochi ya:
- Ọrịa shuga 2dị 2
- Carbohydrate metabolism
- Ọrịa metabolism,
- Ọrịa shuga
- Ibu ibu
- Enweghi nnabata glucose,
- Mmebi nke na-ebu ọnụ glycemia,
- Lactate na ọrịa shuga acidosis,
- Ọrịa shuga 1dị 1.
Ihe acarbose na-contraindicated na:
- Ọbara nke imeju,
- Ketoacidosis,
Ọbara na ọnya afọ nke eriri afọ,- Ulcerative colitis
- Ihe mgbochi n’ime,
- Ọrịa mamịrị na-arịa ọrịa shuga,
- Ime ime, lactation,
- Afọ ụmụaka.
Ọbara na ọnya afọ nke eriri afọ,N'iji nlezianya mee, acarbose na ihe ndị dị na ya ka edepụtara ka mmerụ ahụ gasịrị, n'oge ọrịa na-efe efe, ebe ọ bụ na anụ ahụ na-esighi ike enweghị ike iji gbakee. Site na ụkọ glucose ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi ya, enwere ike hypoglycemia ma ọ bụ acetonemic syndrome.
Nke mmetụta ndị ga-ekwe omume:
- Ugha ije
- Ọrịa Dyspeptik
- Mmụba nke ịta transaminases,
- Mbelata Hematocrit
- Mbelata ọdịnaya nke vitamin na calcium n'ime n'ọbara.
- Uji, itching, mmeghachi ahụ nfụkasị.
Ọrịa mgbakasị, mgbu afọ na nsogbu ndị ọzọ na afọ na eriri afọ nwere ike ime n'ihi eziokwu na ndọda na ntinye nke carbohydrates na-eme ka eziokwu ahụ pụta na ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-agbakọta na nri ma na-anọ ebe ahụ ogologo oge tupu ha abanye nnukwu eriri afọ. Nchịkọta dị ụtọ na-akpalite uto nke nje na-akpata gbaa ụka, flatulence, na ọrịa ndị ọzọ dyspeptik.
A na-ahụ mmetụta yiri nke ahụ na mmepụta nke champeenu, mgbe nje ndị na-eme ka carbohydrate nwee mkpụrụ vaịn greepu mkpụrụ vaịn, na-ahapụ nsonaazụ nke ndụ ha artificially ekpuchi oghere. Ikekwe, n’ịcheta foto a, ọtụtụ ga-akwụsị ị alcoholụ mmanya.
Nwere ike iji metronidazole kpochapụ oke ikuku n'ime eriri afọ, nke dọkịta depụtara ihe yiri ya na acarbose. Carbon na-arụ ọrụ na sọlfọ ndị ọzọ na-eme ka microflora nke eriri afọ na-eme ka eriri afọ nke na-arụ ọrụ nwere mmetụta yiri ya.
Na-ebelata ịdị irè nke nlekọta ihe acarbose:
- Estrogen
- Ogwu homonụ nke gland na agwara,
- Ogwu ogwula ogwu
- Ndị na-emegide Calcium
- Phenothiazines na ọgwụ ndị ọzọ.
Acarbose - ntuziaka maka ojiji
N'ikwekọ ntuziaka ahụ, a na-ekpebi usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ dabere na ịdị arọ nke onye ọrịa. Ọ bụrụ na, dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọrịa shuga okenye nwere ogo nke 60 n'arọ, ọgwụ 25-25 mg zuru ezu maka ya, yana oke mkpụrụ, 100 mg 3 r / ụbọchị ka edepụtara.Must mustụ ọgwụ inhibitor ga-abawanye na nkebi, ka anụ ahụ wee nwee ike imeghari, enwere ike ịchọpụta mmeghachi omume na-adịghị mma n'oge.
Were ọgwụ tupu nri ma ọ bụ otu oge. A na-eji mmiri ọ bụla sachaa, ma ọ bụrụ na nri ahụ anaghị ere ure, enweghị ike ị .ụ acarbose.
Ọ bụrụ na anụ ahụ na-emeghachi omume na-adịghị mma maka ọgwụ a họọrọ, enwere ike ịbawanye ya gaa 600 mg / ụbọchị. na elu ma ọ bụrụ na ahụike kwere.
Ihe mgbochi Analogs
Ihe analogia achobose kacha ewu ewu bu Glucobay. A na-emepụta ọgwụ hypoglycemic na Germany. Mwepụta wepụtara - mbadamba ụrọ na-eru 50-100 mg, ngwugwu ọ bụla nwere 30 iberibe 100.
Na mgbakwunye na ọgwụ mbụ dị na China na Europe, ịnwere ike ịzụta ihe eji eji aha ya bụ Glucobay, na USA na England - Precose, na Canada - Prandase. Maka ndị ọrịa shuga na nri isi, ọgwụ a na-arụ ọrụ ka ukwuu, ọ na-ewu ewu nke ukwuu na China, na USA - na ntụle, ojiji ya nwere oke n'ihi afọ ọsịsa na flatulence.
Nyocha banyere acarbose
Banyere ọgwụ na acarbose Glucobay, nyocha banyere ifelata bụ ihe aha. A chọghị ọgwụ maka ọgwụ felata, a na-enye ya ndị ọrịa shuga, ọtụtụ mgbe ụdị nke abụọ.
Ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime anyị na-enweta ike site na carbohydrates, ọgwụ iwu na-enyere ndị ọrịa shuga aka n'ezie na ndị na-efe efe na-eri nri ma ghara inwe mmetụta ọjọọ ndị dị ka analogues, n'ihi na enwere ike iburu ya ụzọ tupu iberibe achicha ma ọ bụ ọnwụnwa ọzọ.
Omume ọgwụ
Ọ nwere mmetụta hypoglycemic. Onye na - egbochi ihe enzymes na - agbatu carbohydrates n'ime obere sugars. Ntinye carbohydrates n'ime eriri afọ na-akwụsịlata, ọkwa glucose na-agbanwe. Acarbose dabara adaba maka ndị na-arịa insulin ma ọ bụ ndị na-adịghị mma maka ọgwụgwọ metformin n'ihi contraindications. O nweghi ihe omu aru nke aru aru, odi nma n’ariri karia otutu ogwu ndi ozo. Ọ na - emetụta nkwụsị nke hypoglycemia mgbe ị risịrị nri ma belata ibelata ohere nke mmepe ya. Ọ na-ebelata agụụ, na-enyere aka ịbanye n’ịdị nkịtị, ma na-egbochi mmepe nke mmụba insulin. Kariri ihe achobose achoputara mgbe ejiri otutu carb. Na mgbakwunye, nchịkọta nke cholesterol na triglycerides n'ime ọbara na-ebelata, yana lipoprotein lipase na anụ ahụ adipose.
Kedu ka acarbose si arụ ọrụ? Dị ka eriri, ọ na - eme ka carbohydrates ghara inweta ihe ọ juiceụ gastụ gastric na ihe nke enzymes na-akụda ha na monosaccharides. N'ihi ya, a na-asọpụ ha na feces, mana ọrụ nke afọ adịghị enye nsogbu.
Mlọ ọgwụ
Ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ime eriri afọ, na-etinye obi ya dum n'ụdị metabolites. A na-ahụkarị mgbakwunye kachasị mgbe elekere gachara. Ọ bụ metabolized na nri diges, ya onwe ya, na feces maka awa 96, yana akụrụ n'ụdị metabolites (34%).
- Ọrịa shuga mellitus nke ụdị abụọ a na ngwakọta ọgwụgwọ,
- Ọrịa shuga
- Ibu oke ibu bu oria shuga,
- Nlegide insulin ma ọ bụ nke anataghi.
Ntụziaka maka ojiji (usoro na usoro onunu ogwu)
Were otu mbadamba mkpụrụ okwu ugboro atọ n'ụbọchị tupu nri. Ejiri dị ka onye adjuvant na nkwonkwo ọgwụ. A na-ekpebi usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ site na dọkịta na-aga ya na nyocha nke nyocha. Ọgwụ nke mbụ bụ 25 mg. Nwere ike jiri nwayọ bawanye, mana n'otu oge ahụ nyochaa mmepe nke mmetụta ndị ọzọ. Iwu kachasị nyere bụ 600 mg kwa ụbọchị. Oge ọgwụgwọ dị opekata mpe ọnwa isii. Ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ịgbaso nri.
Dodoụbiga ya ókè
Enwere mgbu afọ, afọ ọsịsa na ọnya afọ. Ana ewepu oria site na iwepu nri nwere carbohydrate na nri.
Site na usoro ọgwụgwọ, hypoglycemia nwere ike ịmalite. Mgbaàmà ya: adịghị ike, pallor, nsụhọ mmụọ (ruo mgbe ihe ụra), agụụ, dizzness, wdg Enwere ike iwepụ hypoglycemia dị iche iche n’onwe gị site na iri nri na carbohydrates. A na-ewepụ oge dị nfe na nke siri ike site na ntụtụ nke glucagon ma ọ bụ ngwọta dextrose. N'okwu a, a chọrọ ndozigharị nke dose.
Mkparịta ụka ọgwụ ọjọọ
Na-ebelata nsonaazụ nke adsorbents na enzymes.
Na - eme ka insulin, metformin, sulfonylurea, na - eyi egwu mmepe nke hypoglycemia.
Ihe ndị na-esonụ na-ebelata ike nke acarbose:
- thiazide diuretics,
- homonụ thyroid,
- corticosteroids
- ihe ndapụta
- umuaka,
- nnabata ọmiko
- estrogens, ọgwụ mgbochi,
- Ndị na-emegide nnu
- nicotinic acid
- isoniazid na ndị ọzọ na-ebute hyperglycemia.
Ọ nweghị mmekọrịta dị na ya na mmeghachi omume ndị akọwapụtara. Ọ dị mfe ịnagide ihe.
Tụnyere ihe analogues
Acarbose bụ akụkụ nke ọtụtụ ọgwụ. Tụlee ihe ha na njirimara ha na nkọwapụta.
A na-emepụta ya site na Bayer na Germany na usoro abụọ - 50 na 100 mg. Ọ bụ ndị dọkịta na-edekarị nke a. Ọnụahịa - 360-500 rubles, dabere na oke nke ihe. Glucobay guzobere nke ọma na ahịa ọgwụ, bụ ngwá ọrụ dị mma maka ịbelata ọrịa shuga na njikọ nri.
Onye ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe nke Turkey rụpụtara. Usoro onunu ogwu 50 ma obu 100 mg. Ọgwụ dị mma maka ọrịa shuga, nwere nyocha dị mma. Obere - o siri ike ị nweta n'ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ Russia.
Nwere liraglutide, nke na-emetụta ọrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ beta na pancreas. Ọ na - ebute mbelata ọbara shuga, na - eji nwayọ nwayọ nwayọ na - egbochi afọ, nke na - enyere aka belata ibu. Ngwa yiri acarbose. Ọ dị n'ụdị edozi maka nchịkwa subcutaneous. Onye na - emepụta ihe - "Novo Nordisk", Denmark. Ọnụahịa - site na 9000 rubles maka mkpịsị mkpụrụ sirinji abụọ. Kenye mgbe mbadamba ọrụ anaghị arụ ọrụ. Enwere ike iji Victose mee ihe maka njikọta ọgwụ insulin na ọgwụ hypoglycemic ndị ọzọ.
Mbadamba ụrọ Metformin maka ọgwụgwọ siri ike. Site na 500 rubles kwa ngwugwu. Usoro onunu ogwu di iche, a na-enye usoro ọgwụgwọ dabere na mkpa onye ọ bụla. Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ Berlin-Chemie, Germany. Ọ na - emetụta arụmọrụ sel sel na pancreas, nke na - enyere aka belata mkpụkọ glucose ma na - edebe ibu kwesịrị ekwesị. Ngwongwo ndị ahụ yiri, na-edochi ibe ha. Naanị obere Siofor bụ na metformin adabaraghị onye ọ bụla. Contraindications yikwara.
A na-eme ojiji analog nke ọ bụla na ikike nke dibia bekee ga-eme. Amachibidoro ị -ụ onwe gị ọgwụ!
Na mkpokọta, nyocha banyere ndị ọrịa mamịrị gbasara ọgwụ acarbose dị mma. Patientsfọdụ ndị ọrịa na-achọpụta mmepe nke nsonaazụ ya n'ụdị flatulence na nsogbu ndị ọzọ digestive. Fọrọ nke nta ka mmadụ niile na-ekwu maka mbelata ibu na mbelata suga shuga.
Natalya: “Anọ m na-ewere Glucobay otu ọnwa ugbu a. Amalite site na 50 mg na ndụmọdụ nke dọkịta, ugbu a wetara 100 mg. Na ijikọ ya na Novonorm. N'ehihie shuga apụta n'usoro. Ọ bụrụgodị na m mebie nri, ọ naghị egbu oge. Mana mgbe ahụ enwere mmetụta ndị ọzọ n'ụdị mmebi nke eriri afọ. Ya mere, ana m agbalị iso ntuziaka dọkịta na soro usoro nri. ”
Vladislav: “Dọkịta ahụ tiri“ Glucobai ”, nke nwere acarbose, mgbe ọrịa metformin na-eso ya. Maka ọnụahịa, ọgwụ a dabara m, ana m eji ya dịka ọgwụ ọzọ. Ihe nchịkwa glucose abụrụla nke ọma, na-enwe obi ụtọ na enweghi hypoglycemia. Na nmalite ọgwụgwọ ọ nwere oke, dọkịta ahụ nyere ọgwụ ndị ọzọ, ihe niile laghachiri etu ọ dị. Enwere m obi ụtọ na nsonaazụ ahụ, ibu ahụ agbanweela, nke m na-achọ inweta ugbu a. ”
Oleg: “Enwere m ọrịa shuga 2. Enwere nsogbu dị na nhọpụta nke ọgwụ ọzọ maka isi ọrụ ahụ. Anwara m ọtụtụ mbadamba ihe na metformin, mana ha adaghị m mma dabere na ngosipụta (nsogbu akụrụ). Dọkịta dụrụ ịnwa ọgwụ dabere na acarbose, ya bụ, “Glucobay”. Anọọla m ya otu ọnwa ugbu a, ihe niile masịrị m. N’oge na-adịbeghị anya, usoro ọgwụ a amụbaala ruo 100 mg - n’enweghị nsogbu ọ bụla. Ha na-ekwu na ọgwụ na metformin dị irè karịa, mana ọ dabara m. N'ihi ya, m na-adụ gị ọdụ. ”
Larisa: “A gwara m ka m Glucobai. Dọkịta toro ya, kwuru na ọ bụghị ya kpatara ọrịa hypoglycemia. Aụrụ m mmiri ọgwụ dị ihe dị ka 50 mg ihe dị ka otu ọnwa. Enwere m nsogbu na eriri afọ, nke enweghị m ike iwepụ. Akwụsịrị m ọgwụ ndị a ma gbanwee insulin. ”
Mmechi
Ọgwụ Acarbose nwere mgbe niile na-enyere ndị ọrịa mamịrị aka ịme ka glucose na ịdị arọ dịgide ala. Ejiri ọgwụ ọjọọ n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, mana ijikọ ya na ndị ọzọ maka ị nweta nsonaazụ ka mma. Nyocha nke ndị ọrịa na ndị dọkịta dị mma, ọtụtụ acarbose kwesịrị ekwesị ma na-enye nsonaazụ na-adịgide adịgide.
Kwesịrị m ị drinkụ ọgwụ?
N’ọgụ glucose nkịtị, ị dietụ ọgwụ nri ekwesighi ya. Ma ọ bụghị ya, ekwesịrị ịtụ anya nsonaazụ ma ọ bụ nsogbu ahụike siri ike.
A na-atụ aro ị dietụ ọgwụ mamịrị ka ị withụọ mmanya na:
- 2 ogo nke ọrịa,
- ogbo nke oria
- ọrịa ndị ọzọ na-akpalite ịba ụba shuga n'ime ọbara.
Kedu ihe kpatara ọrịa shuga ji buru ibu?
A na-achọpụta oke ibu na 88% nke ndị ọrịa mamịrị.
Dị ka ọ na-adị, insulin homonụ na-enyere aka belata glucose ọbara ma bufee ya na sel. Na-emegide nzụlite nke mmepe nke ọrịa shuga mellitus, usoro a na-agbagha.
Attentionaa ntị! Na ọkwa nke mbụ nke ọrịa ahụ, a na-ahụ ọgwụ insulin. Ejiri ọnọdụ a bụ mmụba glucose na insulin na-eme n'otu oge.
Nke a na-akpalite mmụba na njikọta nke protein na abụba ma na-eduga ná mkpochapụ enzymes na-ekewa. N ’ime ihe ndabere a, oke ibu na-etolite.
Ọgwụ akwadoro
Mbadamba ụrọ a gosipụtara ọgwụ nke na - enyere aka belata ibu na ụdị ọrịa shuga 2.
Tebụl 1. ọgwụ mgbochi ọgwụ maka ụdị ọrịa shuga dị afọ 2:
| Ọgwụ | Nkọwa |
 Metformin | Ọ na - egbochi gluconeogenesis hepatic, ma na - enyere aka belata nnabata glucose site na eriri afọ. Ọzọkwa, ọgwụ a nwere njikọ na ịba ụba glucose ojiji. Mmetụta insulin hyis na-abawanye. Ihu anụ ahụ na-ebelata ma ọ bụ belata. |
 Ọrịa | Ngwunye ọgwụ hypoglycemic. Ihe ndi biguanides. Na-enyere aka imepụta glucose imeju. Nke a na - emegide nzụlite nke mgbochi nke glycogenolysis na gluconeogenesis. Ibelata ma ọ bụ jiri nwayọ belata. |
 Siofor | Na agbanyeghị mmetụta ọ dị na ọkwa glucose ọbara, ọgwụ nwere mmetụta bara uru na metabolism lipid. Nke a na - enyere aka belata kọlestọl ọnụ, yana triglycerides na cholesterol dị ala. |
 Metfogamma | Ọgwụ a na-esonye na mbelata na LDL na triglycerides. Ọrịa onye ọrịa na-akwụsị ma ọ bụ jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ laghachi na nkịtị. |
 Diaformin | Dimethylbiguanide. Na-emekọrịtara na mbelata nke ịta VLDL, LDL, triglycerides. Ọrịa onye ọrịa na-akwụsị ma ọ bụ na-ebelata obere oge. |
 Ascarbose | Alfa glucosidase inhibitor. Edere ọgwụ a maka mmalite nri nri. Ọzọkwa, ọgwụ ahụ nwere ike ị drunkụbiga mmanya ókè mgbe ị na-anwale usoro ọgwụgwọ. |
Ọgwụ ndị ọzọ na-egbu egbu
Isi ọrụ ị medicationụ ọgwụ maka oke ibu bụ iji nweta ọgwụ metabolic zuru oke ma kwụsị ihe ize ndụ nke mmụba n'ọbara shuga.
Maka oria oria obia, ndi otu ogwu a ka enyere:
- biguanides
- nkwado nke sulfonylurea
- glitazones
- Clinids
- alfa glucosidase inhibitors
- Ndị na-egbochi DPP-4.
Otu ọgwụ ọgwụ ọ bụla na - enyere aka ịchịkwa ibu ma na - eso aka mbelata nke nta.
Biguanides na-atụ aro
Ọgwụ ndị dị na otu a sitere na metmorphine. Biguanides - otu n'ime ndi otu ndi otu ogwu a ma ama, ama ama n’etiti ndi oria shuga. Edere ọgwụ site n'etiti afọ ndị 50 nke narị afọ nke 20.
Isiokwu 2. Biguanides kachasị dị irè:
| Ọgwụ | Nkọwa |
 Avandamet | Ogwu hypoglycemic ọgwụ. Na-emegide nbelata nke glucose ọbara, a na-ahụtawanye nhazi na metabolic. Edekọtakwara ọdịnaya nke cholesterol zuru ezu, TG na LDL. |
 Bagomet | Ọgwụ na-akwụsịlata glucogenesis hepatic. Ntinye glucose na intestinal. Ihe eji eme glucose na-abawanye. Iko obi ike na-agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ bụ jiri nwayọ na-ebelata. |
 Metformin-Akrikhin | Ọgwụ ahụ na-egbochi gluconeogenesis, na-egbochi 'ịmụ nwa' nke abụba abụba na oxidation abụba n'efu. Akụkụ ahụ na-eme ka ahụ sie ike, wee jiri nwayọ gbadaa. |
Attentionaa ntị! Ọgwụ nke otu a na - eso akpata nhụjuanya. Ya mere, a na-ahọpụta ha naanị n'ụdị ndị pụrụ iche.
Ihe kachasị dị irè sulfonylureas
Ebumnuche ebumnuche ọgwụ ndị dị n’ìgwè a bụ ime ka mkpụrụ ndụ beta dị n’akụkụ na-emepụta ọgwụ insulin. Edere ọgwụ ọgwụ mgbe akara nke ike ọgwụgwụ.
Tebụl 3. Ihe eji eme ihe nke sulfonylurea:
| Ọgwụ | Kedu ka ọ dị? |
 Ọrịa mamịrị | Ọ bụ usoro nke sulfonylurea nke ọgbọ abụọ. Ojiji nke ogwu a na-enyere aka belata oge dị n'etiti oge iri nri ruo na mmalite nke insulin insulin. Ọ na-esote mweghachi nke mbido insulin nke mbụ, na-ebelata oke postprandial nke hyperglycemia. Ọzọkwa, ọgwụ na-enyere aka belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke radicals n'efu. |
 Amaril | Ọ bụ usoro nke atọ sitere na sulfonylurea. Ọ nwere mmetụta insulinomimetic. Na-enye aka na nhazi nke izochi insulin. Nke a bụ n'ihi nchikota nke oghere potassium na-emetụta ụta na beta-cell membranes. |
 Na foto Glimepiride | Ọ na-enyere aka ime ka mmiri ahụ pụta na ịhapụ insulin n'ahụ mkpụrụ ndụ beta pancreatic. Ọ nwekwara mmetụta extrapancreatic. Akwadoro maka ụdị shuga 2. |
 Diameride (Dimexide) | Na-egbochi nchịkọta platelet. Nke a bụ n'ihi mbelata nke ntụgharị nke arachidonic acid na thromboxane A2. Mmetụta ọgwụ mgbochi atherogenic bụ n'ihi mbelata ọdịnaya nke malondialdehyde n'ọbara. |
 Glemaz | Na-akwalite mwepụta nke insulin, nwere ọrụ extrapancreatic. Akwadoro maka ụdị shuga 2. |
Edekwara ọgwụ ndị a n’otu n’usoro ndị ọzọ. Nke a bụ n'ihi ọghọm hypoglycemia. Ọnụahịa ọgwụ dị iche site na 147 ruo 463 rubles.
Glitazones gụrụ aro
Ọgwụ shuga na-eme ka amamịghe belata ọgwụ insulin.
Isiokwu 4. glitazones kachasị dị irè:
| Ọgwụ | Nkọwa |
 Avandaglim | Na-enyere aka ịkwalite mwepụta nke insulin site na mkpụrụ ndụ beta pancreatic nwere ahụ ike. Edere ya maka ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ, maka ụdị shuga 2. N'ihi ya, a na-ahụta mmezi mmekọrịta na njikwa glycemic. |
 Pioglar | Ọ bụ ihe siri ike na-ahọrọ gamma receptor agonist. Ntinye ha bu ihe ruru na peroxisome proliferator. Nlegide anya nke insulin na mpaghara na akwara akwara. Site na DM-2, a na-ahụta mbelata TG na mmụba nke ọkwa HDL. |
 Diab norm | Na-enyere aka belata nguzogide insulin na akwara akụkụ yana imeju. Edeghị ọgwụ a maka ụdị shuga na-akpata insulin. |
 Astrozone | Na-agbanye na mbelata insulin na-eguzogide. Nke a bụ n'ihi ọrụ pioglitazone. N'otu oge, ọkwa glucose ọbara na-ebelata. A na-ebelatakwa ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ insulin plasma. |
 Diaglitazone | Ọgwụ na-enyere aka belata mkpokọta nke triglycerides ma bulie ọdịnaya nke lipoproteins dị elu, yana cholesterol. A naghị akpali insulin insulin. |
Attentionaa ntị! Na mgbakwunye na Metformin, ọgwụ n’otu a na - enyere aka belata ngwa ngwa.
Kachasị Ọrụ Egwu
Ihe ndị a bụ ihe mkpali insulin na-adị mkpụmkpụ. Enyere ikike ijikwa ọkwa shuga mgbe nri gasịrị.Ibu ibu na-emetụta ya naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ekwuru ya na monotherapy.
Isiokwu 5. Ihe nke clays:
| Ọgwụ | Kedu ka ọ dị? |
 Anwụ Satọde | Ọ na - enyere aka igbochi tubules nke ATP na membranes nke mkpụrụ ndụ beta. N'ime ọkara awa mgbe ị theụsịrị ọgwụ ahụ, a na-ahụta azịza insulinotropic. Nke a na - enyere aka belata glucose ọbara. |
 Inswada | Ọ bụ ngwa na-eme ka ọnụnọ insulin na-arụ ọrụ ngwa ngwa. Na-enyere aka belata shuga dị ala. Nke a bụ n'ihi mkpali nke mmiri ọgwụ insulin na-akwalite. Ọzọkwa, ọgwụ a na-esochi mmechi nke ATP-based tubules nke potassium na akpụkpọ ahụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ beta. Maka nke a, a na-eji protein pụrụ iche. N’ihi nke a, a na-emeghe ọwa kalsel. |
 Starlix | Ọ bụ ihe sitere na amino acid phenylalanine. Na-akwalite mweghachi nke mmiri ọgwụ insulin n'oge. N’ije ndabere, mkpokọta ọbara ọgbụgba na postprandial na-ebelata. A na - ahụkarị ọdịnaya nke hemoglobin glucose. |
Ndị na-egbochi Alfa Glucosidase tụrụ aro
Ọgwụ na-enyere aka belata eriri afọ carbohydrate. Nke a na - eduga na ọ gaghị ekwe omume mmụba dị ukwuu na ịta shuga n'ime ọbara. Na-emegide nzụlite nchịkwa, ọbara mgbali elu glycated bụ ọgwụ ahaziri, nguzogide insulin na-ebelata.
Isiokwu 6. Ihe alfa-glucosidase inhibitors:
| Ọgwụ | Nkọwa | ||||||||||
 Acarbose | Oligosaccharide sitere na microorganism Actinoplanes utahensis. Ọgwụ na-akwalite mmebi nke di-tri - na oligosaccharides na lumen nke obere eriri afọ. Absorption na-agbadata, ụdị glucose na eriri afọ. Ọzọkwa, a na-ejikọ ọgwụ ahụ na mbelata postprandial hyperglycemia. | ||||||||||
 Glucobay | Pseudotetrasaccharide nke microbial sitere. Ọ na-egbochi enzyme alfa glucosidase, nke na-emebi polydi na oligosaccharides. | ||||||||||
 Miglitol | Ọ na - enyere aka belata ọrịra nke glucose na - erugharị n'ọbara ma belata glucose ọbara mgbe ị risịrị nri. | ||||||||||
 Diastabol | Ọ na-eso mbelata hyperglycemia mgbe ị risịrị nri, na-eme ka profaịlụ ịta glucose na-ewe awa 24. Na-enyere aka belata glucose ọbara na-ebu ọnụ. Ọbara nke glycosylated haemoglobin belatara. Ọgwụ anaghị emetụta nnabata nke glucose na-eri nri. Ndị na - egbochi ihe ndị dị ukwuu nke enzyme DPP-4Ọgwụ na otu a nwere mmetụta na homonụ nke digestive tract. Edebere ha ka ha chịkwaa oke ahụ. Isiokwu 7. Ihe ndị na-egbochi enzyme DPP-4:
|
Sitagliptin
Vildagliptin
Linagliptin
Saxagliptin
Chromium weghachite uche insulin n'ime sel
